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Biomedical subjects

T Tamada

Publications and source records attributed to T Tamada.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effect of hydergine in hyperprolactinemia.

The PRL-inhibiting and ovulation-inducing effects of hydergine were studied in 18 patients with hyperprolactinemic ovulatory disturbances. The women were divided into 2 groups of 9 each. Those in group A had basal serum PRL levels higher than 100 micrograms/L, and those in group B had basal serum PRL levels lower than 100 micrograms/L. Serum PRL levels in both groups were determined before and hourly for 8 h after a single oral dose of either 2 mg hydergine or placebo. Hydergine induced a significant (P less than 0.01) decrease in the serum PRL level, compared with placebo, in both groups. The fall in mean serum PRL in group A was significant (P less than 0.05) 300 min after hydergine administration, and the concentration remained low at 480 min, at 45.5% of the mean baseline value. However, the serum PRL concentration did not reach the normal PRL range in any group A patient. Chronic treatment with this drug (2 mg, 3 times daily, for 4-12 weeks) in 5 patients from group A normalized the serum PRL concentration in only 1 patient and did not induce ovulation in any patient. In group B, also, hydergine administration significantly (P less than 0.01) reduced the mean serum PRL concentration within 240 min, and it declined further to within the normal range. The mean maximal reduction was to 56.4% of the baseline value at 360 min. All of the group B women received chronic treatment (2 mg, 3 times daily, for 4-104 weeks); repeated ovulation was induced in 7 (78%). Seven pregnancies ensued in 6 of the women in whom ovulation had been induced, and 4 normal infants were delivered. There were no side-effects, such as nausea and vomiting, during these trials. These data indicate that hydergine has PRL inhibitory activity and is useful in the treatment of hyperprolactinemic anovulatory patients whose basal serum PRL concentrations are below 100 micrograms/L.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A case of ovarian germ cell tumor].

PVP (CDDP, VBL, PEP) regimens were administered to a case of ovarian embryonal carcinoma (Higuchi-Kato) Group C, which had metastatic lesions of liver, lumbar bones, and paraaortic lymph nodes soon after operation, with good results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Hepatocellular carcinoma--a comparative study of MR imaging and angiography].

We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 0.2 T and angiography to evaluate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 43 patients who had not received therapy. Tumor detection rate by MRI was 84%, T2-weighted spin echo imaging being the best detection method, though one case could only be detected by T1-weighted imaging (Inversion Recovery method). The signal intensity of the tumor relative to the surrounding liver parenchyma was studied using MRI, and tumor staining using angiography. Where there was a high signal intensity in the T2-weighted spin echo images there was a corresponding tendency for tumor staining to be marked. MRI demonstrated the inner structure--which resembles random high-intensity threads on a lower-intensity background--of hypervascular tumors. Tumors with capsules appeared with the capsule clearly delineated irrespective of the signal intensity of the tumor itself.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The usefulness of motion artifact suppression technic (MAST) in the MRI diagnosis of liver tumors].

The usefulness of motion artifact suppression technique (MAST) in the MRI diagnosis of liver tumors was assessed. Spin-echo with MAST was superior in lesion detection and contrast-to-noise ratio to conventional spin-echo. Its usefulness was verified. As the portal vein is delineated frequently as a high signal area, the portal structure up to the third branches was distinctly visualized. It was found helpful for the segmental diagnosis of the liver. However, careful attention is needed in the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of serum CA-50 and CA 19-9 in gynecological tumors].

We conducted a study to evaluate cancer associated antigen CA-50 and CA 19-9 as tumor markers of gynecological malignancies. The positive rates of CA-50 and CA 19-9 for ovarian cancer were 35.5% and 48.8%, respectively, and thus were not very high. In terms of histological typing, relatively high positive rates were noted in mucinous type-42.9% for CA-50 and 71.4% for CA 19-9. Both antigens showed high false positive rates for benign ovarian tumors, especially for dermoid cyst, but produced few false positive cases of endometrial cyst. For cervical cancer and endometrial cancer, these antigens were positive at low rate. In conclusion, the present evaluation indicated that both CA-50 and CA 19-9 do not necessarily suffice as screening markers for gynecological malignancies; that they could potentially be of help for diagnosis of ovarian cancer of mucinous type; and that their false positive rates for endometrial cyst were very low.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of vasopressin on rabbit hepatic energy metabolism evaluated using in vivo P-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy].

Changes in metabolic state of rabbit livers after administration of vasopressin (10 mU/kg/min d.i.v.) were evaluated using in vivo P-31 magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy. Targets were nine normal control rabbits and eight with chronically carbon tetrachloride-damaged livers. A 2.0 Tesla whole-body MR imager was used for measurement. After administration of vasopressin, liver spectroscopy showed a mild ischemic pattern. The inorganic phosphate peak increased statistically significantly (p less than 0.05) both in the normal control group and in the damaged-liver group (20% and 16% above base line value respectively). In the normal control group, there was a statistically significant decrease (p less than 0.05) in the ATP peak to 18% below the base line value while the PME (phosphomonoester) peak increased slightly (about 10%); there was little change in the damaged-liver group. It was thought that the difference between the two groups was due to differences in blood flow mechanism and liver metabolism. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was considered to be useful in studying the detailed changes in metabolic state of rabbit liver after administration of vasopressin.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the relationship between esophageal varices and azygos vein using percutaneous transhepatic cine-portography].

To evaluate the relationship between esophageal varices and the azygos vein--which is generally considered to drain the major part of the esophageal variceal blood--we examined 36 patients with portal hypertension using percutaneous transhepatic cine-portography. The patients were classified into three groups (azygos, cervical and combined) according to the amount of blood to be considered drained by the azygos vein. Eighteen patients (50%) fell into the azygos type group, five (14%) into the cervical, and 13 (36%) into the combined. Highly developed esophageal varices were recognized endoscopically in all patients in the combined and cervical type groups while some of the patients in the azygos type group had less well developed varices. In the azygos type group, there was a tendency for the varices to be increasingly severe the higher the part of the azygos vein they drained into. Because it helps us to fully comprehend the significance of the azygos venous blood flow and the occasionally uncertain effect of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices, it is important to evaluate the drainage route of esophageal varices in vivo and in detail. Percutaneous transhepatic cine-portography is the useful method for this purpose as it enables us to visualize even the most minute blood stream.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of hepatofugal flow in portal venous system using ultrasonic Doppler duplex system.

Blood flow directions of the portal trunk, splenic vein, and superior mesenteric vein were studied using an ultrasonic Doppler duplex system in 146 healthy adults, 132 patients with liver cirrhosis, 76 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 32 with idiopathic portal hypertension, 134 with chronic hepatitis, 18 with acute hepatitis, and 142 with other diseases. Spontaneous hepatofugal flow in one or more of the three vessels examined was detected in 14 patients. Spontaneous hepatofugal flow in the portal trunk was detected in three patients with liver cirrhosis. In two of these three patients, the hepatofugal flow in the portal trunk disappeared after medication. This is interesting, since hepatofugal flow may, in fact, be more common than we suspected in patients who, because of the severity of their disease, are not able to undergo invasive examination. Postoperative hepatofugal flow in the portal system was detected in 20 of 71 cases: 15/17 patients after interposition mesocaval shunting, 2/17 after distal splenorenal shunting, 2/31 after splenectomy, and 1/6 after splenic artery occlusion with steel coils. In more than half the cases of interposition mesocaval shunting (9/17 patients), blood flow in the portal trunk was hepatofugal. However, hepatopetal blood flow in the portal trunk was maintained in most cases of distal splenorenal shunting (13/17), showing the merits of this technique as a selective portosystemic shunt operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Measurement of portal blood flow with magnetic resonance imaging].

A new method for measuring portal blood flow using magnetic resonance imaging has been developed. Flow velocities are calculated from distances that are directly visualized using a new pulse sequence. In a phantom study, the measured flow rates showed a close correlation (r = 0.9996) with actual flow rates in the range 4.7 cm/sec to 22.8 cm/sec. In a study using volunteers, portal blood flow was quickly measured (about 18 seconds) using electrocardiographic gating. These measurements were compared with those obtained by Doppler ultrasound, with which they showed a close correlation in flow velocity (r = 0.968) and flow volume (r = 0.936). This method allows reasonably accurate quantitative analysis of portal blood flow in patients in whom the Doppler method can not be used because of obesity or intestinal gas.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Non-vascular interventional radiology expandable metallic biliary endoprosthesis and afterloading intracavitary irradiation for malignant biliary obstruction].

Biliary endoprostheses (EMBE) using expandable metallic stents or intracavitary irradiation with remote afterloading (RALS) were carried out in eighteen patients with malignant biliary obstruction. There were 11 patients with bile duct cancer, 3 patients with gallbladder cancer, 2 patients with pancreas cancer and 2 patients with metastatic gastric cancer. The favourable results were obtained. Placement of stents was successful in all 17 cases in which the EMBE was conducted, and in all cases but one, the duct was cleared. At the follow-up of 2 to 59 weeks, all stents maintained patency and there were no severe complications, although only one patient had jaundice due to obstruction at the stented duct 4 months after EMBE. In nine cases, intracavitary irradiation with RALS was performed using a newly developed 14 Fr applicator. The bile duct walls at the irradiation site were smooth and expansion of the constricted area was seen. These results indicate that the combined use of EMBE and intracavitary irradiation with RALS could form a new part of treatment of malignant tumors of the bile duct in which radical surgery is not possible.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in portal blood flow by intravenous administration of glucagon--the relationship between those changes and the total serum bile acid values in UDCA.GLUCAGON tolerance test].

G30TBA is the total serum bile acid concentration obtained thirty minutes after injection of glucagon in the UDCA.GLUCAGON tolerance test. We have previously reported the usefulness of G30TBA in evaluating liver function. In this paper, changes in the portal blood flow in response to glucagon administration are measured and the relationship between those changes and G30TBA studied. We used an ultrasonic duplex system composed of a B-mode scanner and doppler flow meter of measure portal blood flow after injection of glucagon in thirty seven patients with chronic liver diseases. The results are as follows: The increase in portal blood flow by exogenous glucagon in liver cirrhosis is statistically significantly lower than that in chronic hepatitis. G30TBA in the good-response-to-glucagon group is statistically significantly lower than that in the poor-response group. These results suggest that the effect of glucagon on portal blood flow significantly influences the serum bile acid concentration in the UDCA.GLUCAGON tolerance test.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1988

[Studies on pulsatile secretion of thyrotropin and prolactin in hypogonadal women].

Studies of normal human subjects have shown that prolactin (PRL) as well as thyrotropin (TSH) are secreted in pulsatile fashion. This study was designed to investigate whether or not these two hormones are secreted synchronously. Ten postmenopausal women who had had amenorrhea for at least 3 years and 2 women who had been ovariectomized 3 and 5 years before and were between 35 approximately 60 yr of age were studied. Blood samples were obtained between 1500 approximately 2000 h at 15 min intervals. Distinct pulsatile fluctuation of plasma TSH concentration was present in all subjects. However, only 31% of these pulses were observed to coincide with PRL pulses. The mean (+/- SD) increment of TSH (nadir to peak) was 1.2 +/- 0.5 mu u/ml. The mean interval between pulses of TSH was 73 min. In contrast, regular episodic fluctuation of plasma PRL concentration were present in only 5 out of 12 women, and 48% of these pulses were observed to coincide with TSH pulses. These results indicate that pulses of TSH and PRL are generated independently. Since thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) may be a direct generator of TSH pulse and a potent stimulator of PRL secretion, our results may suggest that physiological concentration of TRH in portal blood which is sufficient to elicit TSH pulse may be too low to elicit PRL pulse.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A longitudinal study on the prognosis of ovulatory disturbance in teenage patients with high LH and normal FSH serum levels].

To study the prognosis of adolescent ovulatory disturbance in patients with persistently elevated LH levels (greater than or equal to 25 mIU/ml), normal FSH levels and high LH/FSH (greater than 2.0), 17 patients aged 12-19 years were studied longitudinally for 4-9 years. These 17 patients consisted of 7 patients suffering from amenorrhea with estrogenic effect, 5 patients with functional bleeding, 3 patients with delayed menarche and 2 patients with oligomenorrhea. All of the patients showed exaggerated LH responses to 100 micrograms of LHRH administration while the FSH responses were not different from those obtained from normal women. Out of the 17 patients, 10 (58.8%) patients showed the values of testosterone and 7 (41.2%) androstenedione which were above the mean + 2SD of normal women. Consequently, the mean serum testosterone and androstenedione levels were significantly higher than those in normal women. The mean LH (36.6 +/- 8.3 mIU/ml), FSH (11.2 +/- 1.5 mIU/ml) and LH/FSH (3.3 +/- 0.8) at the age of 21.4 +/- 2.5 years were not different from the mean LH (39.9 +/- 13.3 mIU/ml), FSH (10.8 +/- 1.8 mIU/ml) and LH/FSH (3.8 +/- 1.5) at the age of 16.1 +/- 1.8 years, respectively. None of the 17 patients showed amelioration or deterioration of ovulatory disturbance during long-term observation. To further investigate the central dopamine activity, 10 mg of metoclopramide (MCP) was administered intravenously in these 17 patients. The LH and PRL responses to MCP were evaluated, and the results were compared to those obtained from 17 patients aged over 20 with PCO and from 17 normal women. The LH responses to MCP were positive in this juvenile patient group and the patients aged over 20 PCO group. However, the LH responses to MCP were negative in normal women in both the follicular and luteal phases. In contrast, the PRL responses to MCP were significantly attenuated in juvenile patients and in patients aged over 20 with PCO compared to those in normal women. Since the hormonal profiles in these 17 patients with anovulation or oligo-ovulation were very similar to those in the group aged over 20 with established PCO, it may be suggested that 1) at least part of the adult patients with PCO may have had PCO from late adolescence; 2) the majority of the patients with high LH and normal FSH levels in adolescence will suffer from ovulatory disturbance continuously; 3) in these patients, an aberration of central dopamine in control of LH and PRL may exist.

Adolescent↗