Biomedical subjects

T Takezaki

Publications and source records attributed to T Takezaki.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Subsite (cervix/endometrium)-specific risk and protective factors in uterus cancer.

In Japan the incidence of cervical cancer has been high, but has recently been decreasing gradually, while the incidence of endometrial cancer is running at lower levels but is gradually increasing. To clarify the common and/or specific risk and/or protective factors of cervical cancer(CC) in contrast with endometrial cancer (EC), a comparative case-control study was conducted at the Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Japan. In total, 556 CC cases and 145 EC cases were included and 26,751 women, confirmed as free of cancer, were chosen as the common control group. Odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for each exposure variable were estimated by using an unconditional logistic regression model adjusted for age and first-visit year. Habitual smoking and experience of pregnancy increased the risk of CC, while decreasing the risk of EC. Greater body mass index (>20), daily intake of fruit and more frequent intake of boiled or broiled fish (>1-2 times/week) decreased the risk of CC, whereas they increased the risk of EC. Daily intake of milk decreased the risk of CC. The results obtained from this study suggest that several EC-increasing risk factors are in fact CC-decreasing determinants. The observed risk reduction in both CC and EC by physical exercise and dietary control for health is noteworthy from the public health standpoint and warrants further investigation.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Risk factors of thyroid cancer among women in Tokai, Japan.

To analyze the risk factors of thyroid cancer among Japanese women who generally consume much more iodine than Europeans, we conducted a hospital-based case-referent study at Aichi Cancer Center Hospital (ACCH) in Nagoya, Japan. Ninety-four female patients aged between 20-79 years with papillary or follicular carcinoma of the thyroid, and 22,666 female outpatients without cancer were used. Past history of benign thyroid mass or goiter (odds ratio: OR = 13.9) and hyperthyroidism (OR = 5.0) showed increased ORs of thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer cases consumed coffee less frequently (OR = 0.5) and had had more experience of delivery than referents (> or = 3 times; OR = 2.5). Western style breakfast (OR = 0.5) also decreased the OR. For the multivariate analysis, past history of thyroid diseases (OR = 4.3) was positively associated with the risk of thyroid cancer and everyday coffee consumption (OR = 0.6) tended to decrease the risk. These results suggest that thyroid hormone-related factors may be involved in the risk of thyroid cancer in Japan, too. To clarify the risk involved in Japanese food, another comparative study including detailed information on iodine intake between countries and individuals is required.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗

PubMed1996

[Electrophysiological examinations in Bell's palsy using electroneuronography and strength-duration curve].

In 30 patients with Bell's palsy electroneuronography (ENoG) and strength-duration curve (S-D curve) were used to evaluate the recovery from the palsy at the orbicularis oris and the oculi muscles. At the orbicularis oris muscle, the final outcome was poor in the patients in whom minimum ENoG < 10%, and all the patients with 30% <or= minENoG showed good recovery. In the patients with 10 <or= minENoG < 30, when S-D curve was without scale out, all the patients showed complete recovery. The recovery in the orbicularis oculi muscle of the patients with minENoG < 10% was all poor, but two patients with 30% <or= minENoG, remained in the impaired situation, and one patient with 10 <or= minENoG < 30, without scale out in S-D curve showed poor recovery. These findings suggests that electrophysiological examinations using ENoG and S-D curve in the patients with Bell's palsy can provide valuable information at the orbicularis oris muscle, but at the orbicularis oculi muscle, these are less reliable.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Acute brain expansion during emergency neck clipping surgery for cerebral aneurysms in a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy].

A 61-year-old male with coma and undiagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy received emergency cerebral aneurysm surgery. Anesthesia was induced with thiamylal, fentanyl and vecuronium and maintained with 66% N2O and 1.0% isoflurane. Five hundred ml of 20% mannitol was infused in 30 min. At the end of the infusion, hypotension occurred. Immediately after the injection of ephedrine, acute brain swelling was observed. The operation was switched to external decompression. Post-operative echocardiography revealed the presence of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The ejection fraction was 34%. Two weeks later, the second operation was scheduled. The anesthesia was induced with fentanyl, midazolam and vecuronium and maintained with N2O and 0.7% isoflurane. Nitroglycerine, lidocaine, PGE1, dopamine and dobutamine were infused throughout the operation. Five hundred ml of 20% mannitol was infused in 60 min. There were no considerable hemodynamic changes and no episode of brain expansion during operation. We conclude that the rapid infusion of mannitol can trigger acute cardiac failure and brain edema in patients with DCM.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1996

[Survival factors in healthy aging among rural Japanese residents of Aichi].

To investigate survival factors in healthy aging among rural Japanese elderly residents, a nested case-control study was conducted. Subjects who answered questionnaires in 1985 were followed for 10 years. Cases comprised 124 men and 109 women who, in 1995, were 75 years old or over, and whose activities of daily living were active enough to cope for themselves. Controls were selected from subjects who died between 1987 and 1994. One control per case was randomly selected, and matched to each case for sex and birth-year (+/- 2 years). The survival odds ratio (sOR) was calculated by using a conditional multiple logistic regression model. An sOR greater than 1.0 was observed for frequent intake of eggs, regular daily routine, adaptability to changes, leisure time exercise and a health examination at least once within 3 years. In both men and women present or past history of heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and diabetes, family history of hypertension, and in women, smoking were negatively associated with survival. By multivariate analysis, adaptability to change in men, and regular daily routine and health examinations in women were positively associated to survival. Smoking and history of chronic disease were negatively associated with survival, in both men and women. In conclusion, it is suggested that psychological factors and recent health examinations were positively associated to survival in healthy aging, and habitual smoking and chronic disease contributed negatively to survival. These results require further careful evaluation to determine whether the factors are associated with cause or effect.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Subsite-specific risk factors for colorectal cancer: a hospital-based case-control study in Japan.

To investigate the subsite-specific risk factors for colorectal cancer, we conducted a case-control study, using a common questionnaire which inquired about general lifestyles over the past five years (1988-92), at the Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan. This study compared 432 patients with histopathologically diagnosed colorectal cancer (94 proximal colon [cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon]; 137 distal colon [descending colon, sigmoid colon]; 201 rectum [rectosigmoid, rectum]); and 31,782 first-visit outpatient controls who were free from cancer. In both genders, habitual smoking selectively increased the risk for rectum cancer. Soft or loose feces increased the risk for all subsites of colorectal cancer, particularly in female rectum cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 4.5). Among female dietary habits, Japanese-style foods decreased the risk for distal colon cancer, but increased the risk for proximal colon cancer. These results suggested that the risk factors for colorectal cancer differ by subsite among such a low-risk population as the Japanese. It is suggested also that 'irritable bowel' (soft or loose feces) might be associated with distal subsites of colorectal cancer, independently or combined with habitual smoking.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Incidence of human T lymphotropic virus type I seroconversion after age 40 among Japanese residents in an area where the virus is endemic.

To clarify how seroconversion after age 40 years contributes to the seroprevalence of human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), Japanese residents were studied in an area of Kyushu in which HTLV-I is endemic. Cross-sectional data showed higher seroprevalences among subjects > or = 40 than in those < 40 years old (27.0% vs. 7.9%). The prevalence was also greater in women than men (25.5% vs. 17.6%). Six hundred subjects > or = 40 years old were tested during 1976-1993. Among 8 who seroconverted, 5 had an HTLV-seropositive spouse and 2 seroconverted after blood transfusions. The incidences per 1000 person-years of seroconversion in age groups 40-49, 50-59, and > or = 60 years were, respectively, 0.0, 0.0, and 3.3 (range, 1.38-5.13) in men and 0.0, 5.3 (range, 0.11-7.99), and 1.4 (range, 0.00-1.60) in women. The seroconversion incidence was insufficient to account for the rise of seroprevalence in those > or = 40 years old, especially among women. These results suggest that the high rate and sex discordance in HTLV-I seroprevalence after age 40 may depend mainly on the birth cohort effect for vertical or horizontal transmission.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

A large-scale, hospital-based case-control study of risk factors of breast cancer according to menopausal status.

We conducted a large-scale, hospital-based case-control study to evaluate differences and similarities in the risk factors of female breast cancer according to menopausal status. This study is based on a questionnaire survey on life style routinely obtained from outpatients who first visited the Aichi Cancer Center Hospital between January 1, 1988 and December 31, 1992. Among 36,944 outpatients, 1,186 women with breast cancer detected by histological examination were taken as the case group (607 premenopausal women and 445 postmenopausal women) and 23,163 women confirmed to be free of cancer were selected as the control group. New findings and reconfirmed factors of breast cancer were as follows. 1) The risk of at least one breast cancer history among subjects' first-degree relatives was relatively high among pre- as well as post-menopausal women. 2) A protective effect of physical activity against breast cancer was observed among both pre- and post-menopausal women. 3) Dietary control decreased the risk of premenopausal breast cancer. 4) Current smoking and drinking elevated the risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women. 5) Decreasing trends of breast cancer risk were associated with intake of bean curd, green-yellow vegetables, potato or sweet potato, chicken and ham or sausage in premenopausal women, while in postmenopausal women a risk reduction was associated with a more frequent intake of boiled, broiled and/or raw fish (sashimi). Further study will be needed to clarify the age group- and/or birth cohort-specific risk factors for breast cancer among the young generation in Japan.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Serratia marcescens lung abscess in a child with autoimmune neutropenia.

Though Serratia marcescens is widely known to be the cause of serious infections in immunocompromised hosts, a lung abscess caused by S. marcescens is very rare. A 5 year old boy who had previously been diagnosed with autoimmune neutropenia was admitted because of fever and cough. In spite of treatment with some antibiotics, he developed a lung abscess. Aspiration of the pleural fluid revealed that S. marcescens was the pathogen of the disease. In the present case, there were feasible risk factors for the development of Serratia lung abscess namely neutropenia, chronic gingivitis at the time, and treatment with cyclosporin A. There are no reported cases of autoimmune neutropenia which developed into S. marcescens lung abscess in the literature as far as we can determine.

Autoimmune Diseases↗

PubMed1995

Studies on agents with vasodilator and beta-blocking activities. III. Synthesis and activity of optical isomers of TZC-1370.

Optical isomers of TZC-1370 (1) were prepared from (R)- and (S)-1-(2-chlorophenoxy)-2,3-epoxypropane. When given intravenously to anesthetized rats, the (S)-isomer was about 40 times more potent in terms of beta-blocking activity than the (R)-isomer, while their hypotensive activities were equipotent with that of the racemic compound, TZC-1370.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1995

Studies on agents with vasodilator and beta-blocking activities. II.

A series of phenoxypropanolamines having a hydrazinopyridazinyl moiety was synthesized. Their hypotensive and beta-blocking activities were evaluated after intravenous administration of the compounds to anesthetized rats. Some of them exhibited both activities. In particular, compound 20k is a candidate for clinical use due to its hypotensive activity, equal to that of hydralazine, and its beta-blocking activity, 2.7-fold more potent than that of propranolol.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1994

Case-control studies: matched controls or all available controls?

In order to realize the variation in the estimate of the odds ratio from case-control studies, results from individually matched sampling were compared with those from the analysis based on a large number of controls. The subjects were selected from those who visited Aichi Cancer Center Hospital from 1988 to 1990. Cases consisted of 251 male lung cancer patients aged 40-79 years. Age and year of visit matched controls were sampled independently 100 times and 5000 times from non-cancer male outpatients (cases to controls ratio: 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4). As unmatched controls, all male non-cancer outpatients aged 40-79 years (4100 patients) were used. The smoking habit was adopted as an exposure variable. As logically expected, analysis based on 4100 male controls gave a steadier estimate than the matched analyses examined here, indicating that a matched sampling is not recommended when a large number of controls are available.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Acute childhood leukemia in a patient with hemophilia: first report in Japan.

This study reports an unusual case of acute leukemia which was diagnosed as hemophilia A on initial admission for leukemia. A 3 year old boy was admitted to Kagoshima University Hospital with anemia. He was diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia. At the same time he was revealed to have severe hemophilia A- without any previous episodes of severe bleeding tendency or family history of this disease. The laboratory investigation showed his mother to be a carrier of hemophilia A. Although there are many cases of hemophilia which have developed malignant tumors, most of them were caused by association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Only five cases with coexistence of leukemia and hemophilia without HIV infection have been reported and the present case is the first one in Japan. At this stage, hemophiliacs are not necessarily regarded to be a population at risk for the development of leukemia. Furthermore, no particular subtype of leukemia was characterized among these patients in the literature.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1994

Studies on agents with vasodilator and beta-blocking activities. I.

A series of hydrazinopyridazine derivatives combined with a beta-blocking side chain were synthesized. When they were given intravenously to anesthetized rats, some of them exhibited both hypotensive and beta-blocking activities. Their structure-activity relationships for hypotensive and beta-blocking activities are discussed. Compound 11c had the best profile and was selected for further study.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1994

[Significance of patient's position in measuring gastric contents].

We evaluated the significance of patient's position in the measurement of gastric contents at the induction of anesthesia (n = 18). After the induction of general anesthesia with tracheal intubation, a nasogastric tube (16F) was inserted into the stomach. Presence of the tube within the stomach was verified by ausculation of injected air. Gastric fluid was aspirated with the patient supine and then in the right and left lateral decubitus positions. The existence of the gastric content which can not be aspirated with supine position was confirmed. We conclude that it is necessary to place the patient on bilateral decubitus positions besides supine to evaluate the volume of the gastric content correctly.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Poliomyelitis surveillance in Shandong Province, China, 1990-92.

In Shandong Province, China, programmes were initiated in 1991 for mass immunization against poliomyelitis and for the immediate reporting of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). The incidence of non-poliomyelitis AFP was found to be 0.46-0.61 cases per 100,000 children per annum. It appeared that illness resembling the Guillain-Barré syndrome was underreported. The incidence of such illness peaked among children aged 2-3 years. Although laboratory investigations have improved, in 1992 they were still inadequate in nearly a third of confirmed poliomyelitis cases. As the prevalence of wild poliovirus declines in China, reliable laboratory support needs to be established and adequately sensitive and specific AFP surveillance be developed if poliomyelitis is to be eradicated.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Bladder substitution using ileal neobladder after total cystectomy: report of three cases].

We constructed an ileal neobladder in three patients using Hautmann's technique. The patients were men 51 and 67 years old with invasive bladder cancer and a 45-year-old woman with intractable hemorrhagic cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide. The urethral catheter was removed on the 21st postoperative day. At 2 to 5 months following operation, 3 patients had a vesical capacity of 270 to 500 ml and the maximum volume of urine excreted at one voiding was 130 ml to 400 ml. Voiding cystography disclosed no vesico-ureteral reflux. Two patients required abdominal straining at urination and another patient complained of a slight degree of nocturnal incontinence. Intravesical pressure was retained below 10 cm in hydrostatic height in two patients. On the other hand, it gradually increased as the neobladder was extended in another one. No uninhibited contraction was demonstrated by cystometric examination. The serum chloride level indicated almost the maximum normal value in all patients. Neither hydronephrosis nor residual urine was seen on drip infusion pyelography. The postoperative results indicate that the ileal neobladder using Hautmann's technique may become a very useful way to reconstruct the urinary tract.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[The influence of blood oxygen tension on the glucose level measured by a handy blood glucose analyzer (Toecho Super)].

A handy blood glucose analyzer (Toecho Super), using disposable enzyme electrodes, is widely used not only for the self-control of diabetes but also for critical care settings such as the ICU or the operating room. Recently we reported that the measured glucose value was lower compared with the true reference data, when oxygen tension was high. We investigated the interaction between the blood glucose levels and oxygen tension in vitro using 5 levels of glucose and 5 levels of oxygen tension. Measured glucose value decreased linearly as oxygen tension rose with a high correlation factor (0.816-0.996). The measured glucose level (mg.dl-1) could be estimated by the reference data minus one tenth of oxygen tension (in mmHg). Therefore we conclude that the measured glucose value is dependent only on oxygen tension but not on the range of glucose level. The reference glucose value can be estimated when oxygen tension is available.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗