Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Takeuchi.
A new potent anthracycline antibiotic oxaunomycin was isolated from the culture broth of a blocked mutant derived from a baumycin producer and was identified as 7-O-(alpha-L-daunosaminyl)-beta-rhodomycinone. It exhibited about 100 times more strongly cytotoxic activity against leukemic L1210 cell culture than doxorubicin.
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Endoscopic photography, double contrast cystography, transurethral echography, X-ray CT scan, and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) were utilized for the staging diagnosis of the four patients with carcinoma of the bladder. In the first case, a 70-year-old man, since all of the five imaging procedures suggested a superficial and pedunculated tumor, his bladder cancer was considered T1. The classification of stage T3 carcinoma was made for the second 86-year-old male. Because all of his imaging examinations showed a tumor infiltrating deep muscle and penetrating the bladder wall. The third case was a 36-year-old male. His clinical stage was diagnosed as T2 or T3a by cystophotography, double contrast cystogram, ultrasonography, and X-ray CT scan. However, MRI showed only thickened bladder wall and the infiltrating tumor could not be distinguished from the hypertrophic wall. The last patient, a 85-year-old female, had a smaller Ta cancer. Her double contrast cystography revealed the small tumor at the lateral bladder wall. But, the tumor could not be detected by transaxial, sagittal and coronal scans. Multiple imaging procedures combining MRI and staging diagnosis of the bladder carcinoma were discussed.
In order to search for improved syntheses of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine and related antiviral agents, we tried several well documented general procedures (viz., fusion method) for the synthesis of N-glycosyl bond. Product distribution on alkylation of 4,5-disubstituted imidazoles as well as 2,6-disubstituted purines may depend upon the nature of alkylating agents (viz., 2-oxa-1,4-butanediol diacetate or 1-bromo-2-oxa-4-butanol acetate) and reaction conditions. A procedure for the synthesis of acyclovir and its N2-acetyl derivative could be improved to a considerable extent.
The aspiration biopsy of the prostate for cytological detection was evaluated in 143 patients with clinically suspected prostate cancer and compared with the pathological diagnosis by needle biopsy performed simultaneously. Histopathological evaluation was possible in 136 cases. Sufficient cells for cytological diagnosis were obtained in 92.3% of pathologically diagnosed cases. Only 3 specimens for cytology (4.3%) of the prostate cancer before treatment were insufficient for cytology. Compared with pathological diagnosis by needle biopsy, false positive and negative rates were observed in 4.8% and 25.0% respectively. The accuracy rate of cytological diagnosis was higher the higher the degree of anaplasia in the pathological findings. In 20 clinically well-controlled patients the cytological results were negative in all of the well differentiated adenocarcinomas, whereas positive in poorly differentiated ones without exception. The cytological findings were still positive in all of the 4 cases with progressive cancer in spite of the anticancer therapy. Besides these results, because of no complication in the 182 aspiration biopsies, this may be a useful method for detection of prostate cancer, especially for screening of the cancer and judgment of efficacy during treatment.
The pharmacokinetics and physiological disposition of a novel anthracyclines, (2''R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) were studied in dogs by an HPLC analysis. The THP administered intravenously (1.5 mg/kg) disappeared rapidly from the plasma immediately after an injection of the drug. The plasma level of THP was lowered in a triphasic pattern up to 24 hours and was simulated by a three-compartment open model in which the half-lives of alpha-, beta- and gamma-phase were calculated to be 0.0116 hour, 0.152 hour and 7.02 hours, respectively. The blood cell level of THP was about 10 times as high as the plasma level during the observation. In the study of tissue distribution of THP 2 and 8 hours after the administration, the highest concentration of THP was found in the spleen and lung and these concentrations were diminished quickly. However, in the lymph nodes and bone marrow concentrations of THP increased with a lapse of time. THP and its metabolites were excreted in the bile by 2.7% of dose during 8 hours in the bile-cannulated dogs. Urinary recovery of THP and its metabolites was about 1.3% of the dose up to 72 hours. In these experiment, THP was metabolized to THP-OH and ADM, and to aglycones which were excreted in conjugated forms. The results obtained from a similar study on ADM were compared and discussed.
One hundred thirty-two patients with primary cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue treated at National Sapporo Hospital from 1972 to 1982 were reviewed. Most primary sites were treated with interstitial needle implant with or without external beam irradiation. The local control rate by needle implant for the primary tongue lesions was 85.5%. That for the single plane implant was especially notable at 92.5%. The cumulative five-year survival rate was 92.8% in stage, I, 74% in stage II, 53.2% in stage III, 12.5% in stage IV and 64% overall.
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One hundred and seventy-two patients with upper urinary tract disease were examined by cytological study of ureteral urine which was taken by ureteral catheterization. Of 139 patients with benign disease or ureteral stricture due to non-urological cancer, only one case with renal cyst revealed positive findings (false positive rate: 0.7%). Two positive cases, which were a renal hemorrhage without followup and a uterine cervical cancer with squamous cancer cells in the ureteral urine, were excluded. Although 6 of 17 (35%) uroepithelial cancers in the upper urinary tract were registered as positive, this examination was little use for detecting stage pTa, grade 1 or papillary non-invasive tumors. However, 2 out of 12 (17%) renal pelvic or ureteral cancer patients with negative results of voided urine were cytologically detected by ureteral urine. Five out of 6 cases of these cancers demonstrated malignant cells in the renal pelvic urine sampled from surgical specimen. We have recently experienced aspiration cytology for upper urinary tract disease, using the percutaneous puncture method, and five of 7 upper urinary tract patients were cytologically diagnosed. This procedure could be valuable for detecting even patients with associated bladder cancer or failure of ureteral catheterization.
A case of leiomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a 33-year-old female is reported. She was admitted with the complaint of gross hematuria. Cystoscopic examination showed a thumb-tip sized mass, located at the dome. CT showed a wide-based tumor at the dome (CT number was 60.2 H.U.). Segmental resection of bladder was performed, followed by radiation and chemotherapy (VCR, ACT-D, CPM and ADM). She is alive without evidence of disease 13 months after surgery. A case report and review of the literature are presented.
Sleep EEG patterns in 17 infants with cerebral malformations (4 months to 4 years of age) were studied throughout nocturnal sleep and the following results were obtained. Seven cases evidenced normal sleep/wakefulness EEG patterns that could be classified into 6 stages. Ten cases showed abnormal sleep EEG patterns as follows: absence of sleep spindles (n = 7) which included cases of absence of EEG patterns characteristic of wakefulness, NREM sleep and REM sleep (n = 5), no characteristic EEG patterns of stages 1-4 (n = 1) and stages W, 1, 2 and REM (n = 1) and the remaining cases with absence of spindles (n = 1), and spindles with an extremely low incidence (n = 2). Short sleep and long awaking times, and no delta rhythmicity during the night, were noted in 5 out of 17 subjects. A significant decrease of DQ was found in subjects with indistinguishable stages including stages W, 1, 2 and REM, as compared with those patients whose stages were all distinguishable.
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The correlation between the delta and spindle components in compressed spectral array in 18 infants with congenital cerebral malformation (from 4 months to 4 years of age) was studied throughout nocturnal sleep. In 7 (39%, Group A) out of 18 subjects, periodic changes of delta and spindle rhythm powers were noted in the sleep EEG. In 5 subjects (28%, Group B), delta but not spindle rhythm powers were found, and in the remaining 6 subjects (33%, Group C) neither delta nor spindle rhythm powers were found throughout nocturnal sleep. A significant decrease in the developmental quotient was found in group C as compared with group A.