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Biomedical subjects

T Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to T Takeda.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Recognition of a 56 kDa protein in partially purified rat hepatic nuclear thyroid hormone receptor by anti-human c-erb A beta antibody.

Human beta thyroid hormone receptor (c-erb A beta protein) produced by an Escherichia coli expression system was purified by sequential column chromatography followed by electroelution from an electrophoresis gel and an antibody was prepared. The antibody recognized a 56 kDa protein band in a partially purified rat hepatic nuclear thyroid hormone receptor fraction on Western blotting. Although multiple bands appeared on Western blotting of crude rat hepatic receptor preparations, a 56 kDa band was the most prominent and preadsorption of the antibody by purified c-erb A protein resulted in almost complete disappearance of the 56 kDa band, indicating that the 56 kDa band was formed by a specific antigen-antibody interaction. Furthermore, the 56 kDa protein appeared to co-elute with 3, 5, 3'-triiodo-L-thyronine binding activity in hydroxylapatite, Sephacryl S-200, and DNA-cellulose column chromatography of rat hepatic nuclear receptor, and sequential column purification resulted in selective enrichment of the 56 kDa band. These results suggest that the 56 kDa protein may be the major component of the rat hepatic thyroid hormone receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The role of free radicals and neutrophil elastase in development of pulmonary emphysema.

Extracellular proteolysis is hypothesized to be the major cause of pulmonary emphysema and oxygen-derived free radicals and neutrophil elastase are thought to play an important role in its pathogenesis. In this study, peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) obtained from 16 patients with emphysema generated a significantly larger amount of superoxide and elastase activity than those obtained from normal controls. A significant correlation was observed between elastase activity and superoxide release. In addition, the superoxide release showed a negative correlation with the disease duration. The superoxide release appeared to correlated with a decline of FEV1.0 over the course of several years in 8 patients. It seems likely that activated PMNs play an important role in the development of pulmonary emphysema.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Facial nerve stimulation through Stensen's duct.

We report on a new method of stimulating the facial nerve through Stensen's duct. Electrical resistance of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is one of the major problems of neurophysiological facial nerve testing. To overcome this disadvantage, the authors show that the facial nerve can be stimulated with far less current through Stensen's duct. The NET, ENoG, and antidromic facial nerve responses are recordable at less than a third of the current required for conventional percutaneous stimulation. It is our belief that nerve stimulation through Stensen's duct will be a new and useful method for assessing facial nerve dysfunction in the early stage of palsy.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1992

Platelet-derived growth factor gene expression in the kidney of malignant hypertension.

To examine the pathogenetic role of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in hypertensive kidney damage, we studied the gene expression of PDGF A-chain and B-chain in an animal model of malignant hypertension. Experimental malignant hypertension induced by unilateral nephrectomy combined with deoxycorticosterone and salt loading in the spontaneously hypertensive rat resulted in severely elevated blood pressure and renal histological damage, characterized by necrotizing vasculitis. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis followed by Southern blot analysis, we observed that PDGF B-chain gene expression was increased in the kidney of experimental malignant hypertension and was correlated with the severity of glomerular damage, while PDGF A-chain gene expression was unaffected. Antihypertensive treatment with manidipine reduced glomerular damage and a decreased gene expression of PDGF B-chain. These results suggest that PDGF B-chain may have a role in mediating hypertensive kidney damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis of respiratory system diseases using radio isotopes].

Common respiratory diagnostic imaging techniques using radioisotopes are ventilation-perfusion, perfusion, aerosol inhalation and tumor scintigraphy. The special features of respiratory imaging diagnostic techniques using radioisotopes are the possibility of early detection of disease and the non-invasiveness of the procedure. Also, no patient effort is required. The kinds of isotopes used are as follows: ventilation-perfusion (133Xe, 13N, 99mTc-pseudogas), perfusion (131I, 99mTc), aerosol inhalation (99mTc), tumor (67Ga, 201Tl). The advantages of these procedures are expected to lead to further developments in respiratory examinations using radio isotopes.

Female↗
PubMed1992

The effect of thyroid hormone on generation of free radicals by neutrophils and alveolar macrophages.

We have sometimes observed the case of bronchial asthma accompanied by hyperthyroidism. But the pathophysiological mechanisms of both diseases remain obscure. In this study, we have shown that thyroid hormone directly stimulated the generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils and alveolar macrophages. In addition, neutrophils incubated with thyroid hormone became activated and generated greater amount of superoxide anion in response to f-met-leu-phe (fMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Our study suggests, for the first time, that reactive oxygen species may play one of the most important roles in exacerbating asthma in hyperthyroid patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Recent advances of surgical treatment in elderly lung cancer patients].

A total of 1,291 resected cases with primary lung cancers were used to demonstrate the differences of the result of surgical treatment between elderly cases 70 years old or more and non-elderly cases, and the results obtained herein were as follows: 1) Indication for surgery in elderly cases is considered to be similar with non-elderly cases, however, definite mediastinal lymphnode metastasis should be excluded. 2) Postoperative respiratory complications, which were often fatal, were significantly increasing in incidence with the advance of age. Per cent FVC, FEV1.0, SK/SD delayed type cutaneous hypersensitivity, operative bleeding volume and operative time are considered to be valuable predicted parameters. 3) Survival curve in elderly cases were significantly worse than that in non-elderly cases, however, there were no significant differences of survival rates between these 2 groups when cases dead within 3 months postoperatively were excluded. 4) Transfer factor is considered to be effective as an adjunct to surgical treatment in elderly cases. In conclusion, survival curve in elderly cases can be improved by deminishing respiratory complications and maintaining general condition with immunotherapeutics for long postoperative period.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Left atrial function in ischemic heart disease assessed by intravenous digital subtraction angiography.

To investigate changes in left atrial morphology and dimensions during the cardiac cycle, the atrium was visualized by intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The study subjects consisted of 22 male patients whose average age was 54.5 +/- 8.6 years. They had ischemic heart disease without mitral valve disease and were in sinus rhythm. They were 11 patients with old myocardial infarction (OMI group) and 11 who had chest pain without evidence of infarction (AP group). DSA was performed in the continuous mode. Contrast material (35 ml) was injected at a rate of 18 ml/sec via a catheter in the superior vena cava and subtraction images were obtained at a speed of 30 frames/sec in the right anterior oblique projection. The left atrial and left ventricular margins were traced manually, their areas were calculated, and fractional changes in area were analyzed. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was calculated by densitometry. Cardiac catheterization was performed in 16 patients and the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) were measured. The entire left atrium was clearly imaged using DSA. Phase analysis of the time-area curves in the right anterior oblique projection revealed that the left atrial area was maximal during left ventricular end-systole (%LA1 = 100%), it decreased during early left ventricular diastole (%LA2), and then increased slightly again during mid-diastole (%LA3). After left atrial contraction, the minimum area was obtained (%LA4). The left atrium showed a two-stage decrease in the area due to passive emptying and active contraction during left ventricular diastole. Passive emptying (%LA1-%LA2) was significantly less in the OMI group than in the AP group (6.3 +/- 3.6 vs 13.3 +/- 4.8%, p < 0.01, respectively). In all 22 subjects, passive emptying correlated with LVEF (r = 0.70, p < 0.001) and LVEDP (r = -0.58, p < 0.05). There was no difference in active contraction (%LA3-%LA4) between the 2 groups (26.0 +/- 5.7% in the OMI group, 28.2 +/- 8.4% in the AP group), and it did not correlate with LVEF or LVEDP. The ratio of passive emptying to active contraction [(%LA1-%LA2)/(%LA3-%LA4)] correlated with LVEF (r = 0.63, p < 0.01). These findings suggested that impaired left ventricular diastolic function and a relative increase in atrial contraction were present in patients with a lower LVEF. The %LA4 correlated with LVEDP and PAWP (r = 0.65, r = 0.63, p < 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, DSA proved to be a useful method for investigating left atrial morphology and function.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Relationship between anaerobic threshold and breathlessness during exercise].

We studied the possibility that during incremental exercise anaerobic threshold (AT) is associated with an increase in breathlessness in subjects with increased impedance or respiratory system. Six patients with chronic lung diseases (CLD) and six healthy subjects performed cycle ergometer exercise under two conditions; with free resistive loading and with 9 cmH2O/l/sec of inspiratory resistive loading (IRL). Ventilation, respiratory pattern, VO2, VCO2, were measured every 15 sec by a metabolic cart, Minato Respiromonitor RM 300. AT was determined by V-slope method. Mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) was also measured in six subjects during exercise. The subjects selected a number of modified Borg scale (psi) to express their breathlessness during exercise by pushing a electrically potentiated remote button. Slopes of changes in psi with increasing work-load, delta psi/delta watt-slope, were calculated before and after V-slope AT, and each inflection point of VE, respiratory rate, VT/Ti, and VCO2. In order to evaluate which parameters are the most responsible for a change in psi, statistical significance (P-value) in changes of slope of each parameters were compared. The delta psi-slope increased with the highest significance after AT point. Under IRL the significance was more pronounced. There was a highly significant linear correlation between P0.1 and psi during exercise both under free resistive loading and IRL. In addition the increase of P0.1 with incremental exercise was characterized by a presence of inflection at a workload of V-slope AT in most of the subjects. From these results it was concluded that anaerobic threshold was closely associated with an increase of breathlessness during exercise via enhancing respiratory motor command.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical significance of scintigraphy in pulmonary aspergilloma].

In order to study the scintigraphic findings related to the pathophysiology of pulmonary aspergilloma, chest scintigraphy with T1-201 chloride and perfusion lung scintigraphy were performed in 18 and 19 patients with pulmonary aspergilloma, respectively. In T1-201 scintigraphy, accumulation of T1-201 in the diseased areas related to Aspergillus infection was observed in 18 of 19 foci. Roentgenographic findings related to the accumulation of T1-201 in the lesion were thickness of the cavity wall and pleural thickening adjacent to the cavity, but they showed no relation to the size of the fungus ball, and 2 cases without fungus ball showed positive results. Moreover, in T1-201 single photon emission computed tomography, accumulation of T1-201 was demonstrated in the area surrounding fungus ball. In addition, findings of inflammation such as leukocytosis, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positive CRP and fever were observed in more than 50% of all cases. These results suggest that tissues surrounding the fungus ball, including the cavity wall and thickened pleura undergo inflammatory process secondary to infection by Aspergillus. Perfusion lung scintigrams showed decreased perfusion in all of 19 cases, which was more marked than that expected from the chest radiograph in many cases. In T1-201 myocardial scintigraphy, visualization of the right ventricle was observed in 15 of 18 cases. T1-201 chest scintigraphy and perfusion lung scintigraphy are useful for evaluation of the activity of the disease process, right ventricular overloading, and regional perfusion in pulmonary aspergilloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis presenting with copious sputum and marked obstructive impairment of lung function].

A 44-year-old male was hospitalized due to dyspnea and persistent cough with copious sputum (about 100 ml/day). Chest radiograph on admission showed hyperinflation and fine nodular shadows throughout both lungs, as well as a tram line appearance in the right lower lung field which suggested thickening of bronchial walls. Pulmonary function tests demonstrated moderate to severe reduction of %VC, FEV1.0 and PaO2. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed inflammatory change in the walls of proximal bronchi. Although his dyspnea resolved rapidly, productive cough and impaired lung function were persistent and improved very slowly over the one-month-period following admission. After resolution, similar symptoms were provoked again 5 to 6 hours after returning to his home, suggesting the recurrence of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Open lung biopsy was performed for the differential diagnosis of hypersensitivity, diffuse panbronchiolitis, and bronchial asthma, because neither transbronchial lung biopsy nor broncho-alveolar lavage was diagnostic. Histopathology of the open lung biopsy specimens revealed marked desquamation of bronchiolar epithelium in addition to bronchiolo-alveolitis with epithelial granulomas, consistent with hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Copious sputum is a very uncommon clinical feature in hypersensitivity pneumonitis. We consider that the large volume of airway fluid was caused by epithelial ulceration of bronchioles and catarrhal bronchitis associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Acute secretory travellers' diarrhoea caused by Vibrio cholerae non-01 which does not produce cholera-like or heat-stable enterotoxins.

An Australian tourist suffering from severe acute watery diarrhoea and dehydration due to Vibrio cholerae non-01 was studied. The V. cholerae strain isolated from the patient belonged to serovar 05. The organism did not produce any of the conventional enterotoxins including cholera-toxin (CT) or heat-stable toxins (NAG-ST) that are known to be associated with intestinal secretion. This report suggests that toxin(s) other than CT-like or NAG-ST may be involved in the pathogenesis of diarrhoea by some V. cholerae non-01 strains.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Anaphylactoid reactions to contrast media which occurred during cholecystectomy and subsequent disseminated intravascular coagulation--a case report].

A 67-year-old woman without any history of allergic episode developed severe hypotension (40 mmHg) without skin rash one minute after the administration of amidotrizoic acid for intraoperative cholangiography during thoracic epidural and light general anesthesia. Although ephedrine, methoxamine, dopamine and norepinephrine were administered, severe hypotension persisted for three hours and epinephrine was only effective. Marked elevations of serum levels of histamine, leukotriene D4 and leukotriene E4 were noted after the episode, suggesting the occurrence of the anaphylactoid reaction to amidotrizoic acid and the activation of the immunological complement system. After the recovery from the anaphylactoid reaction, the patient developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and severe bleeding around the wound for which reoperation was needed. It is necessary to consider some prophylactic treatments against DIC when severe anaphylactoid reaction occurred.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A case of advanced breast cancer with multiple organ metastases successfully treated by tamoxifen].

A 66-year-old postmenopausal woman presented in June 1991 with a giant ulcerated left breast tumor. She had discovered the tumor two years previously, but had never visited any medical institution. She was diagnosed as advanced breast cancer with multiple lung metastases, bone metastasis, and both supraclavicular lymph node metastases by physical examination, fine needle aspiration cytology, chest X-P, and bone scintigraphy. Incisional biopsy, performed to confirm the histological type of breast cancer and to evaluate estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER and PgR) status, revealed solid-tubular carcinoma. Both ER and PgR were highly positive at 322.6 and 228.0 fmol/mg protein, respectively. Therefore, endocrine therapy was chosen to treat this advanced breast cancer patient, although she had multiple organ metastases. Twenty mg of Tamoxifen a day was administered per os. After treatment with tamoxifen, the size of ulceration started to decreased and the dyspnea caused by multiple lung metastases was reduced. Eight weeks after, she showed partial response (PR) determined from the size of the ulceration and chest X-P. She has been maintaining PR for more than 9 months. Thus, Tamoxifen was shown to be very effective for this case of advanced breast cancer with multiple organ metastases.

Adenocarcinoma↗