Biomedical subjects

T Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to T Takeda.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Usefulness of hyperventilation thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography for the diagnosis of vasospastic angina.

To establish a safe and sensitive diagnostic procedure for detecting coronary vasospasm, we utilized 201-thallium myocardial SPECT combined with hyperventilation (HV-SPECT) in 29 patients with vasospastic angina (VAP) and 11 controls. Twenty-five of 29 patients with VAP and 5 of 11 controls developed transient perfusion defects on HV-SPECT, resulting in a sensitivity and specificity calculated at 86% and 55%, respectively. Overall accuracy in identifying corresponding vessels with coronary vasospasm, respectively. Coronary vasospasm tended to be identified more accurately in the left anterior descending branch and the right coronary artery than in the circumflex branch (75%, 71% and 50%, respectively). The hyperventilation test induced ischemic ECG changes in 11 of 29 patients with VAP, yielding a sensitivity of 38%. Analyzing the washout rate of HV-SPECT in patients with VAP, both the extent and severity scores of patients with ischemic ECG changes were larger than those of patients without. No serious complications occurred during HV-SPECT. In conclusion, HV-SPECT was a safe and sensitive procedure as a primary diagnostic approach for VAP. From the results of washout analysis, HV-SPECT could detect more mild myocardial ischemia than could the ECG, and seemed quite useful especially for detecting coronary vasospasm accompanied by minimal ischemic ECG changes.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Effect of prolonged beta-adrenergic blockade induced by atenolol on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in the rat.

Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade reduces the mortality rate after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in humans. However, the effects of beta blockade on left ventricular remodeling remain unknown. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the effect of prolonged beta-adrenergic receptor blockade with atenolol on left ventricular remodeling following AMI in rats. Myocardial infarction (MI) was produced in Wistar-Kyoto rats by ligating the coronary artery. Four groups of rats were studied: sham-operated (n = 10); atenolol (1 g/l in drinking water) treated sham-operated (n = 8); untreated MI (n = 11); atenolol treated MI (n = 10). Hemodynamic measurements were made about 3 weeks after the operation. Infarct size was similar in treated and untreated MI rats (31.2 +/- 2.5% cf. 33.5 +/- 2.0%). MI rats were characterized by increases in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), right atrial pressure (RAP), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), as compared with sham-operated rats. In sham-operated rats, prolonged beta-adrenergic receptor blockade produced only a reduced HR. Atenolol-treated MI rats had a significantly higher LVEDP, RAP and LVEDVI than did rats with untreated MI. Prolonged beta-adrenergic receptor blockade with atenolol appeared to promote left ventricular remodeling after AMI. Thus, the treatment of AMI with beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in the clinical setting should be evaluated with respect to ventricular remodeling during prolonged therapy.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Thrombomodulin in exercise-induced asthma.

Thrombomodulin (TM) is a membrane protein present in the vascular endothelium. It has also been found in human plasma, within which, however, its pathological functions have not been clearly described. In this study, the plasma TM concentrations in 19 asthmatic patients were determined by sandwich enzyme immunoassay using two monoclonal antibodies for human TM. The concentration of plasma TM in exercise-induced asthma (EIA)-positive asthmatic patients was significantly increased by exercise challenge. In addition, for these patients a positive correlation was found between the severity of EIA and the degree of change in plasma TM induced by exercise challenge. These findings suggest that the increase in influx of TM into the plasma in EIA-positive asthmatics may be due to generalized pulmonary endothelial damage following exercise challenge.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Successful prophylaxis of wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis with terfenadine.

A 20-year-old female was brought to our emergency unit with generalized erythema and discomfort induced by running after having eaten wheat bread. The laboratory examinations, including eosinophils, total IgE, RAST score to wheat, heat challenge test and methacholine inhalation test were within normal limits. No anaphylactoid responses occurred after provocation tests of wheat bread intake or exercise alone. However, on provocation exercise test after eating pancakes, she developed hypotension, generalized itching and urticaria associated with an elevation of plasma histamine levels. These findings suggested wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. This was completely prevented by daily administration of terfenadine 120 mg p.o. without side effects such as fatigue or drowsiness.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[The association of the disease activity of rheumatoid factor positive vasculitis and the level of rheumatoid factor].

Rheumatoid factor (RF), an autoantibody against the Fc portion of denatured IgG, has long been recognized as an important biologic marker not only for rheumatoid arthritis but also for other auto-immune diseases. In this study, we measured the level of serum RF in four patients with RF positive systemic vasculitis using laser nephelometry. Three patients were diagnosed as polyarteritis nodosa and the other patient was diagnosed as systemic vasculitis without the finding of typical necrotizing vasculitis from biopsies. In the result, we found that the level of RF paralleled the disease activity in these cases. When active phase of the disease, the level of RF showed very high, and after the treatment combined with plasmapheresis, corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agent, the level of RF decreased in accordance with CRP, ESR and clinical features. These suggested that RF was the disease specific marker for RF positive vasculitis and beneficial informations for proper diagnosis and better treatment could be provided by measurement of the level of RF in patients with RF positive systemic vasculitis.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[A case of mixed connective tissue disease with acute interstitial pneumonitis].

A 43-years-old woman was admitted to the Hokkaido University Hospital because of high fever, muscle weakness and dyspnea in May 1993. She had has muscle weakness of upper extremities since December 1992. She had developed swollen hand, polyarthralgia and Raynaud's phenomenon. High fever and severe dyspnea developed in May 1993. Chest roentogenogram was normal in April 1993. Physical examination showed Velcro rales in both lower lung fields. Her laboratory data showed increased muscle enzymes, high titers of anti-nuclear-antibody (1: 1280) and anti-RNP-antibody (index 199.4 (normal < 7)). Anti-DNA, anti-Sm and anti-Jo-1-antibodies were all negative. Blood gas analysis showed severe hypoxemia. Chest roentogenogram revealed diffuse bilateral interstitial infiltrates prominent in the bases. Diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease with acute interstitial pneumonitis was made. She was treated with steroid pulse therapy (methylprednisolone 1 g x 3 days) followed by high dose oral prednisolone (60 mg/day), and diffuse interstitial infiltrates disappeared within one week. Prednisolone could be tapered to 17.5 mg/day without relapse. Acute interstitial pneumonitis is a rare complication of mixed connective tissue disease, but may be life threatening. In such cases, high dose steroid therapy should be started without delay.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1995

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and endolymphatic hydrops.

Plasma antidiuretic hormone (p-ADH) concentrations were determined with a radioimmunoassay, using a reversed-phase C18 silica column, in 300 patients with vertigo, dizziness and/or deafness; 119 of them had a diagnosis of Menière's disease. The p-ADH level was significantly elevated in patients with Meniere's disease and others with endolymphatic hydrops, e.g. cochlear Menière's disease or delayed hydrops. By contrast, the p-ADH level was not so high in cases without the endolymphatic hydrops. The increase in the p-ADH level was closely linked to vertigo attacks, the glycerol test results and an enhanced negative summating potential (-SP) in electrocochleogram (ECochG). These results lead to the assumption that disorders of ADH-dependent hormonal control in the inner ear may constitute the possible mechanism underlying vertiginous attacks and deafness in patients with endolymphatic hydrops.

Cochlea↗

PubMed1995

Effect of isosorbide on hearing loss due to endolymphatic hydrops.

Changes in hearing were studied in 145 ears (103 patients) with endolymphatic hydrops before and after an 8-week administration of isosorbide. Hearing improvement was observed in 57 (39.3%) of the 145 ears. These improvements showed a significant correlation with positive results in the glycerol test (p < 0.01). Of the 46 ears with a positive result, hearing was improved in 32 (69.6%). Therefore, results of the glycerol test predict a response to isosorbide therapy for the hearing loss of endolymphatic hydrops.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Cochlear blood flow and labyrinthine pressure: effects of glycerol on the inner ear.

Changes in cochlear blood circulation (CoBC) and perilymphatic pressure (Pp) after administration of physiological saline and 50% glycerol (12 ml/kg) were measured simultaneously in guinea pigs to examine the influence of glycerol on CoBC and Pp. The CoBC was measured by the laser-Doppler method. Although neither CoBC nor Pp changed after administration of physiological saline, glycerol produced a marked increase in CoBC and a slight decrease in Pp in 11 of 15 animals. However, the increase in CoBC was transient; CoBC reached a peak as soon as 30 min after glycerol administration and then returned rapidly to its initial value within 1 h after administration, although the Pp was still decreasing. Therefore, the response of CoBC to glycerol does not seem to be directly related to hyperosmolarity due to glycerol administration.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

The macrolide antibacterial roxithromycin reduces bronchial hyperresponsiveness and superoxide anion production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in patients with asthma.

We investigated the effects of a macrolide antibacterial, roxithromycin, on the generation of free radicals by peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and on the severity of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Ten asthmatic patients were treated for 3 months with roxithromycin, 150 mg orally once daily; such treatment significantly reduced the production of superoxide anion by PMNs (p = 0.0029) and reduced the bronchial hyperreactivity (p = 0.0016), as compared with results in healthy controls. Most of the patients required at least 2 months of treatment with roxithromycin for clinical improvement. We conclude that long-term, low-dose administration of roxithromycin may be useful in treatment of patients with bronchial asthma.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Epidemiological study of the prognosis and relevant factors of demented patients].

One hundred twenty patients diagnosed as having dementia at the Center for Elderly Dementia in Hyogo College of Medicine, were recruited for this study to investigate the factors related to the prognosis of dementia. Patients were classified into the following two groups: those staying at home (group 1); those who died at home (group 2). The proportion of various dementias was almost equal in each group: vascular dementia, 30%; senile dementia of Alzheimer's type, 40%; mixed dementia, 20%; Alzheimer's disease, 10%. The average duration of disease in the two groups were not significantly different. The average age of onset in group 2 was higher than that in group 1. The rate of those with severe dementia was higher in group 2 than group 1. Those in group 2 scored less on the Mini-Mental State examination than those in group 1. Symptoms of dementia were assessed by the modified GBS-scale. In group 2, patients scored higher in impaired intellectual and motor functions. The CT findings suggested cortical atrophy, ventricular enlargement and periventricular lucency more often in group 2 than in group 1. Laboratory findings revealed that decrease in red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and serum protein were more apparent in group 2 than group 1. It was considered that impaired motor functions, cortical atrophy, white matter lesions, anemia and malnutrition enhanced the probability of death. The study has confirmed that the prognosis of dementia is not only related to intellectual impairment but also deteriorated physical conditions such as motor dysfunction, anemia and malnutrition.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[MALT lymphoma of large intestine as multiple large polypoid lesions].

We report a case of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in the large intestine in a 38-year-old Japanese female. She developed a dull pain in the right lower abdomen and was found to have ileocecal intussusception. The terminal ileum, cecum and ascending colon were resected. Macroscopically, multiple polypoid lesions were found. Although some authors reported that MALT lymphoma of the colon tend to be solitary, the present case showed seven lesions. Two of the polypoid lesions in the present case were marked large. No such large polypoid MALT lymphoma has been described to our knowledge. A histological and immunohistochemical study revealed those seven lesions to be low grade B cell lymphomas of MALT type.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Clinical efficacy of sulbactam/cefoperazone for the treatment of geriatric patients with respiratory tract infections].

We performed clinical studies on sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) for the treatment of geriatric patients with respiratory tract infections. Seven patients with pneumonia, 7 with acute bronchitis, 6 with chronic respiratory tract infections were treated with SBT/CPZ. The patients were administered with a daily dose of 2.0 g or 4.0 g for 4-14 days. The clinical responses were excellent in 3, good in 13, fair in 3, and poor in 1 patients. The efficacy rate was 80.0%. No side effects were observed in any patients, but elevations of GOT, GPT were observed in two cases. Causative organisms were E. coli (2 strains), P. aeruginosa (2), MSSA (1), MRSA (1), S. pneumoniae (1), H. influenzae (1), K. oxytoca (1), and E. aerogenes (1). The bacteriological effect rate was 60%. One strain of MRSA and one of two strains of P. aeruginosa persisted in 2 patients.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[A case of melorheostosis with linear sclerodermatous skin changes].

A 69-years old Japanese woman complained of pain in the left elbow joint and thickened skin over the left upper limb. The pain had been present for 20 years, and the thickened area of the skin gradually enlarged during this period. Her left elbow joint showed some limitation of motion. There was no record of any similar condition in her family history. Radiographs of the left limb showed cortical hyperostosis extending from the middle of the left humerus to the distal end of the radius. Radiographs of the other limbs were normal. A technetium 99m-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy revealed increased uptake in the areas of radiographic hyperostosis. The diagnosis of melorheostosis was made. Skin biopsy of thickened area was performed. The epidermis was normal, and proliferation of normal-appearing collagen fibers into the subcutaneous fat was noted. No inflammatory changes were found. The cause of sclerodermatous skin changes was thought to be not by linear scleroderma but by melorheostosis. In cases of linear sclerodermatous changes, melorheostosis as its origin should be considered.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Clinical evaluation of lansoprazole in the treatment of peptic ulcers: initial healing and prevention of relapse. Tohoku Peptic Ulcer Study Group.

The clinical usefulness of lansoprazole in the healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers, the S2-stage shift rate (white scarring rate), and endoscopic healing rate with respect to degree of gastric mucosal atrophy were investigated. The subjects were 50 gastric ulcer and 37 duodenal ulcer patients. The endoscopic healing rate in patients with gastric ulcers after initial treatment with lansoprazole was 92% after 8 weeks. The S2-shift rate was 38% after 8 weeks. The 8-week healing rate in patients without atrophy was 100% and with atrophy was 92%, although the difference was not statistically significant. The S2-shift rate in patients without atrophy was 42% and in patients with atrophy was slightly lower, at 37%, although the difference was not statistically significant. The endoscopic healing rate in patients with duodenal ulcers was 93% after 6 weeks, and the S2-shift rate was 59%. It is firmly established that atrophic gastric mucosa shows a reduction in mucosal defense factors. However, lansoprazole achieved good endoscopic healing rates and S2-shift rates even in patients with gastric ulcers with atrophic background mucosa.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗

PubMed1995

Purification and properties of wall-bound endo-1, 4-beta-glucanase from suspension-cultured poplar cells.

A wall-bound endo-1, 4-beta-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) was obtained from a preparation of the cell walls of suspension-cultured poplar cells and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by cation-exchange, hydrophobic, and gel-filtration chromatography. The molecular mass was estimated to be 47 kDa by SDS-PAGE and 48 kDa by gel filtration on Superdex 200 pg. The isoelectric point (pI) was 5.6. The purified enzyme catalyzed the endo-hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose with an optimal pH of 6.5, a Km of 1.2 mg ml-1, and a Vmax of 280 units. The purified enzyme specifically hydrolyzed the 1, 4-beta-glucosyl linkages of carboxymethylcellulose, phospho-swollen cellulose, lichenan, xylan and xyloglucan. The activity of the enzyme was strongly stimulated by cysteine-HCl. The N-terminal sequence of the enzyme was similar to that of an extracellular endo-1, 4-beta-glucanase found in suspension cultures of poplar cells and some homology was recognized to avocado fruit-ripening and bean abscission endo-1, 4-beta-glucanases.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

An angiotensin II receptor antagonist attenuates left ventricular dilatation after myocardial infarction in the hypertensive rat.

OBJECTIVE: The aims were (1) to investigate the effect of hypertention on left ventricular dilatation and haemodynamic alterations following acute myocardial infarction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive rats (WKY); (2) to compare haemodynamic indices between the two groups; (3) to assess whether the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist (AIIA), TCV-116, prevented left ventricular dilatation after myocardial infarction; and (4) to compare the effect of AIIA with that of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, delapril. METHODS: Myocardial infarction was produced in SHR and WKY by coronary artery ligation. Haemodynamic measurements were obtained three weeks later in rats that had been treated from the next day after the operation for three weeks with TCV-116 (1 mg.kg-1.d-1) or delapril (1 g.litre-1 in drinking water), and in untreated controls. RESULTS: After myocardial infarction, left ventricular weight, and left ventricular weight were greater in SHR than in normotensive rats. Right ventricular weight, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, and LVEDVI correlated positively with infarct size in both SHR and WKY and these slopes were steeper in SHR than in WKY (P < 0.05). TCV-116 and delapril each significantly attenuated the increases in left ventricular end diastolic pressure, left ventricular weight, right ventricular weight, and LVEDVI following myocardial infarction in both in WKY and SHR, and shifted pressure-volume curve significantly to the left. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension accelerates left ventricular dilatation and haemodynamic alterations following myocardial infarction in rats. These effects are attenuated by an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist as well as by an ACE inhibitor.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗

PubMed1995

Perilipin is located on the surface layer of intracellular lipid droplets in adipocytes.

Immunocytochemistry was used to determine the intracellular location of perilipins in adipocytes and the occurrence of these proteins in tissues involved in triacylglycerol metabolism. Confocal microscopy and 3-dimensional analysis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed that perilipin immunofluorescence, present on the surfaces of all sized lipid droplets, appeared unevenly dispersed on the surfaces of many large lipid droplets. Electron microscopy revealed that immunogold staining for perilipin was located directly on the surface layer apposed to and surrounding the core triacylglycerol of intracellular lipid droplets of adipocytes in culture or from white and brown adipose tissue. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy indicated that the hydrophobic face of this surface monolayer contained particles identical in size and distribution to intramembranous particles (IMPs), which are unique structural features of the hydrophobic faces of bilayered membranes. Also, freeze-fracture replicas revealed areas of continuity between the surface layer of lipid droplets and the membrane leaflets of endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting that the droplet monolayer surface is an area of endoplasmic reticulum membrane leaflet modified by its unique content of perilipin. Microperoxisomes, identified by immunostaining for catalase, were found closely associated with lipid droplets, but external to and not in contact with the lipid droplet surface layer. Vimentin, identified by immunofluorescence, was present around the periphery of most lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 cells during early stages of adipocyte development but, in contrast to perilipins, vimentin was not around the periphery of many large lipid droplets in mature cells. Although perilipin was at the surface of lipid droplets in adipocytes of lactating mammary gland, none was found to be associated with the milk lipid droplets in alveolar epithelial cells, nor was the protein found on the surfaces of lipid droplets in hepatocytes. Studies in mammary gland show that perilipin immunostaining will be a valuable tool for the identification of tissue adipocytes severely depleted of their triacylglycerol stores and thus without their characteristic spherical shape. Perilipin's singular location on the surface monolayer of intracellular lipid droplets supports an intimate role for the protein in the triacylglycerol metabolic functions of adipocytes.

3T3 Cells↗