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Biomedical subjects

T Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Taguchi.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Tumor-associated expression of glycosphingolipid Hanganutziu-Deicher antigen in human cancers.

Expression of heterophile Hanganutziu-Deicher (HD) antigen on the cell surface of various human malignant tumor tissues was studied by membrane immunofluorescence staining with chicken antiserum against N-glycolylneuraminyllactosylceramide (HD3) and fluorescein-conjugated rabbit anti-chicken IgG. The HD antigen was demonstrated in samples from 38 of 77 (38/77, 49%) cases, consisting of gastric (9/16), breast (8/14), colorectal (3/12), nasopharyngeal (4/7), and uterine (2/3) carcinomas, leukemias (5/10), malignant lymphomas (2/5), and other cancers (5/10). Histological examination indicated that expression of the antigen by the gastric, colorectal and breast carcinomas and leukemias was not related to their histological types. The cytoplasm and the surface of the malignant glandular epithelial cells were both specifically stained by immunofluorescence staining of frozen sections in one colon adenocarcinoma. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) were extracted from the colon cancer tissue and two HD antigen-active GSLs were detected on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) by enzyme-immunostaining using affinity-purified chicken anti-HD3 and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated rabbit anti-chicken IgG. One migrated to the same position as HD3 on TLC, and the other to a position similar to that of authentic N-glycolylneuraminylneolactotetraosylceramide.

Antigens, Heterophile↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative study on two different types of tegafur for recurrent breast cancer].

A randomized controlled trial envelope method was conducted in 126 cases of recurrent breast cancer to compare the antitumor efficacy and toxicity of spansule (SF-SP) and gastro-soluble tegafur. Both SF-SP and gastro-soluble tegafur which is commercially available contain 200mg of tegafur per capsule. The drugs were given orally twice daily after morning and evening meal, with the total dose of 800mg/body/day, repeated for 8 weeks. Patient selection and evaluation of efficacy were assessed to the criteria of the Japan Breast Cancer Society. The results were: (1) for the 43 evaluable cases out of 65 patients on the SF-SP regimen efficacy rate was 23.3% (10/43), while for the 49 cases out of 61 patients on the control regimen efficacy rate was 6.1% (3/49); and (2) no difference in occurrence of toxicity between the two regimens was observed. These results indicate higher antitumor efficacy of SF-SP than gastro-soluble tegafur with comparable toxicity, suggesting the usefulness of SF-SP in clinical trial.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

[Cooperative phase II study of spansule tegafur (SF-SP)].

A phase II study of oral administration of SF-SP alone was conducted in 187 patients with advanced cancers involving 34 institutions in Kinki area. CR was observed in one case of breast cancer, and PR in 29 cases. In 7 responders, response durations of 6 months or more were observed. The drug was effective against colo-rectal, in particular, gastric and breast cancer. No serious toxicity was observed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Intraclonal conversion from papilloma to carcinoma in the skin of Pgk-1a/Pgk-1b mice treated by a complete carcinogenesis process or by an initiation-promotion regimen.

Skin tumors were produced by either a complete carcinogenesis process or an initiation-promotion regimen in C57BL/6 X C3H/HeHa F1-Pgk-1b/Pgk-1a mice which carried X-chromosome inactivation mosaicism for the phosphoglycerate kinase gene. In the complete carcinogenesis process, 200 nmol of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene were applied once weekly; in the initiation-promotion regimen, a single application of 200 nmol of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene was followed by twice weekly applications of 17 nmol of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Most papillomas produced by either procedure contained only one type of phosphoglycerate kinase, suggesting the monoclonal origin of papillomas. When the carcinoma developed at the same place where the papilloma was observed, the phosphoglycerate kinase type of most carcinomas was consistent with that of the original papillomas. This suggests that the malignant tumor develops as a result of the intraclonal conversion from the benign tumor.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental chemotherapy of human gastrointestinal and breast cancers in nude mice and its correlation to clinical effect].

For evaluating the predictive value of experimental chemotherapy of human cancers xenografted to nude mice, two types of comparison between experimental responses in nude mouse system and their clinical results were made. The responses of 12 experimental therapies with single agent or drug combination were directly compared with those of the same kinds of therapy in each donor patient. Satisfactory agreement between the two results was shown in every comparison, with 3 true positives and 9 true negatives. Using 15 human cancer lines consisting of 7 gastric, 3 colorectal, 2 pancreatic and 3 breast cancers, single agent treatment with 6 drugs (MMC, ADR, ACNU, FT-207, 5'-DFUR) were performed. The effectiveness of each drug to these xenografts was in good accordance with the known clinical effect of each drug in the same type of cancer. Nude mouse-human cancer panel is useful for the secondary screening of the new drug.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[A randomized study on the long-term adjuvant chemotherapy with ftorafur and mitomycin C for gastric cancer: the second study (III)].

The Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer adopted, as a second cooperative study, a prospective randomized trial on three groups: MMC alone, Ftorafur alone, and a combination of MMC and Ftorafur. The number of patients subjected to this analysis was 3033. The usefulness of long-term adjuvant chemotherapy was studied, based on a follow-up period of 4 years after surgery. No definite differences were observed in general. However, classified by prognostic factors, both the survival and disease free rates were improved in patients with stage III, n (+) ps (+) advanced cancer, to whom Ftorafur alone was administered for a long-term period. In patients who underwent of curative resection, the long-term administration of Ftorafur alone tended to prevent recurrence postoperatively, especially within the first two postoperative years. However the survival and disease free rates in the group receiving Ftorafur combined with MMC were higher than those of the group receiving Ftorafur alone. Moreover the combination of MMC and Ftorafur prolonged survival even in patients who did not undergo curative resection, and was found to be particularly useful in such patients, as designated by more than two prognostic factors.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1984

[Mass screening for colorectal cancer by occult blood testing under restricted diet].

We conducted a mass screening survey for colorectal cancer by the combination of fecal occult blood tests under a restricted diet and a medical questionnaire in 7,392 healthy volunteers. Further diagnostic work-up was needed in 1,934 (26.2%) individuals. Of these, 1,409 (72.9%) showed occult blood in at least one slide, 245 (12.7%) had symptoms and 306 (15.8%) had a positive family history. Proctosigmoidoscopy, barium enema and flexible colonoscopy were performed in 1,251, 779 and 95 persons, respectively. Colorectal cancers were detected in 10 individuals (0.14%); 5 of these were in the early stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Proteinuria in amyloidosis correlates with epithelial detachment and distortion of amyloid fibrils.

To obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of proteinuria in amyloidosis we investigated the ultrastructural distribution and pattern of arrangement of glomerular amyloid fibrils in 15 patients. Clinical data were correlated with the ultrastructural features and with the morphometric indices obtained from composite electron micrographs of whole glomeruli. The epithelial side of amyloid deposits showed spicules (discrete pointed bundles of fibrils) and apparent fraying which we termed tufts (ill-defined and diffuse expansion of fibrils). The extent of mesangial amyloid deposition and total GBM deposition did not correlate with proteinuria. Current data suggest the importance of partial detachment of epithelial cells in pathogenesis of proteinuria, which in turn correlates with distortion of amyloid fibrils, spicules and tufts.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Characteristics of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozyme in human cancers transplanted into nude mice and its application to the evaluation of experimental chemotherapy].

Human lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was universally detected and quantified from sera of nude mice bearing human tumors. The patterns of LDH isozyme in sera reflected exactly those in each tumor extract, and remained unchanged over several generations. In 16 human cancers (7 gastric, 4 colorectal, 2 pancreatic and 3 breast) examined, human LDH levels in serum showed proportional increase as the transplanted tumors grew. Assessment of experimental chemotherapy by measuring the LDH levels of a treated group versus a control group was compared with that obtained by calculating the tumor weight during (14 tests) or after (61 tests) treatments. The percentage inhibition assessed by LDH level was strongly correlated to inhibition rate assessed by tumor weight. Moreover, LDH expressed more rapidly the inhibitory effect of an administered agent than tumor weight. If the drug was effective, serum LDH level in the treated group exhibited a temporary sharp rise within 2 days, thereafter decreasing to a lower level than that of the control. These results imply usefulness in further clinical application.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[A phase II study of ranomustine (MCNU) tablets in patients with gastrointestinal cancer--by cooperative study group].

A phase II study of MCNU tablets in gastrointestinal cancer was carried out by the Hanshin MCNU cooperative study group involving 21 institutions. The selection of patients and evaluation of tumor response were based on the Criteria for the Evaluation of tumor Response by Chemotherapy in Solid Tumor Patients by Koyama and Saito. Of 67 patients who were entered into the study, 46 patients were evaluable, and comprised of 27 cases of gastric cancer, 13 of colorectal cancer, 2 hepatoma, and 4 patients suffering from other typas of gastrointestinal cancer. MCNU was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/body/day for 4-6 days consecutive every 6-8 weeks. Only one partial response was obtained among the rectal cancer patients, with a response rate of 2.3% (1/43) in evaluable patients. Minor responses were obtained in 3 patients including 2 of gastric cancer with liver metastasis and 1 colon cancer with liver metastasis. Major side effects were marrow suppression and gastrointestinal symptoms. The former consisted of mainly leukopenia (15 patients, 30.0%), thrombocytopenia (20 patients, 40.0%), and oligochromaemia (10 patients, 20.0%). The latter consisted of mainly nausea and vomiting (5 patients, 10.0%).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of interferon on various malignancies].

This paper over-viewed the clinical studies on various interferons including HLBI (human lymphoblastoid interferon), HuIFN-beta (human fibroblast interferon) and r-IFN-alpha A (recombinant leukocyte A interferon) which have been tried widely in Japan. These interferons have shown some antitumor effects on various malignancies such as malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, renal cell carcinoma, leukemias, brain tumors, malignant melanoma, mycosis fungoides and others. Adverse reactions included fever, general fatigue, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and abnormal liver function tests were experienced.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Usefulness of LDH isozyme for monitoring the therapy of human breast cancer transplanted in nude mice].

Human breast cancer (Br-13) serially transplanted in nude mice in ascitic form was used in this experiment. Released isozyme of human lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was detected in the blood of the Br-13 tumor-bearing nude mice, and the serum levels of the isozyme rose associated with the increase of neoplastic cell number in ascitic fluid. After Br-13 bearing nude mice were treated with single drug or a combination of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil, serum LDH levels were monitored and compared with the change of ascitic cells. When effective treatment was performed, serum LDH-5 levels increased transitorily 1 or 2 days after drug administration, then decreased and became undetectable. These changes indicate a good correlation with the extent of the cell damage and the increase of life span of the mice. In conclusion, monitoring of human LDH isozyme in serum of nude mice was a useful marker for evaluating the efficacy of experimental chemotherapy in nude mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A new method of vesicle formation by salting-out and its application to the reconstitution of sarcoplasmic reticulum.

This paper describes a new method of forming membrane vesicles. It was found that the addition of salt such as KCl into a solution containing lipid (asolectin) and a non-ionic surfactant, Triton X-114, led to the formation of closed membrane vesicles. The vesicles were separated from Triton X-114 by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Electron microscopy revealed that the mean diameter of the vesicles was 110 nm +/- 69 nm (S.D.). Measurement of osmotic volume change showed that the permeability of the vesicle was very low to salts, sugar (glucose) and amphoteric ion (glycine), but very high to glycerol, ethylene glycol and water. Vesicle formation by this 'salting-out' method is very useful for reconstitution of transport systems in biomembranes because of its advantages: completion within a short time; high yield; and the possibility of utilizing samples in non-ionic surfactant solution. When we applied the method to the reconstitution of sarcoplasmic reticulum, Ca2+-ATPase was incorporated into the reconstituted vesicles and was enzymatically active in the membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Macroporous hydrogel membranes for a hybrid artificial pancreas. II. Biocompatibility.

A histological evaluation of the biocompatibility of a new porous hydrogel membrane made of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) was performed. Isolated membranes and diffusion chambers made of this material and filled with rabbit pancreas were implanted in diabetic rats for periods of up to 8 1/2 months. Histologic evaluation showed that this polymer elicits minimal tissue reaction within the first 7 weeks but some increase in granulation tissue and fibrosis thereafter. A component of this tissue reaction is neovascularization, and many blood vessels were noted immediately adjacent to the membrane's surface. Calcification of the membrane was also progressive but could be minimized by formulations resulting in the incorporation of acid groups throughout the hydrogel and on its surface. Diffusion chambers made of this new material show promise for use in a "hybrid" artificial pancreas for the treatment of diabetes.

Animals↗