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Biomedical subjects

T Sun

Publications and source records attributed to T Sun.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Hybrid form of hairy cell leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

We report a case with mixed features of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), which may represent a hybrid form of these two entities. Hairy projections were demonstrated on leukemic cells in the peripheral blood. Surface marker studies of blood and spleen specimens by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry showed immunophenotype characteristic of HCL, namely, monoclonal IgG-kappa, positive reactions to CD 11c, CD 19, CD 20, Cd 22, and HLA-DR, but negative reactions to CD 3, CD 5, CD 7 and CD 10. The only atypical finding was the absence of CD 25. Immunogenotyping showed rearrangement of heavy-chain and kappa light chain genes. Leukemic cells were also positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). A pseudosinus pattern was demonstrated in the spleen. However, the leukemic cells in the spleen showed atypical cytologic features. Clinically, the patient had generalized lymphadenopathy, high leukocyte counts, Coombs' negative hemolysis, hypoimmunoglobulinemia and IgG-kappa monoclonal gammopathy, features more consistent with CLL than HCL. Although only CD 11c, CD 22, CD 25 and TRAP are characteristic for HLC and CD 5, characteristic for CLL, a panel of eight markers is recommended for the differential diagnosis of HCL, CLL and other low-grade B-cell neoplasms, which may share some common features, making a clear-cut diagnosis difficult.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous determination of eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin in beef liver by LC with fluorescence detection.

Eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin are drugs used to control parasitic infections in both meat-producing and nonmeat-producing animals. A number of analytical methods are available to analyze these anthelmintic drugs individually. A multiresidue screening method was developed for these drugs; however, the initial attempt to derivatize eprinomectin following the method published by Merck scientists was unsuccessful because the eprinomectin derivatization reaction was temperature- and time-dependent. The optimum time and temperature for the completion of eprinomectin derivatization were 90 min and 65 degrees C, respectively, without appreciable effect on the remaining 4 drugs. Beef liver samples were fortified with 0, 25, 50, and 100 ppb mixed standards of eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin. Each set of 4 levels of recoveries was repeated 10 times with all 5 compounds. The average of 10 recoveries of 5 compounds at all 4 levels of fortification was > 70%; the coefficient of variation was < 20%.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Confirmation of eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin in beef liver by liquid chromatography/positive ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry.

A liquid chromatographic (LC) multiresidue screening procedure was developed for determination of eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin in beef liver at 0, 25, 50, and 100 ppb levels. A procedure using low resolution LC/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry (MS) was developed with further purification steps added to the quantitative LC method to confirm residues. Acetonitrile extracts of liver, prior to derivatization for LC analysis, were further purified by using a C8 solid-phase extraction cartridge and an alumina-B cartridge. The purified extract was analyzed by injection into an LC/positive ion APCI MS. Identity of the compound was confirmed by comparison of its retention time and relative intensity data with those of a standard or recovery from a fortified control liver sample. Anthelmintic drugs in acetonitrile extracts of liver containing eprinomectin, moxidectin, abamectin, doramectin, and ivermectin at 25 ppb, the lowest level of fortification used in the LC determinative method, were successfully confirmed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Misdiagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

A total of 979 cardiac profiles were reviewed. Seventeen cases were found to have elevated CK-BB by electrophoresis and were misidentified by the immunoinhibition/immunoprecipitation technique as elevated creatine phosphokinase (CK-MB). Eleven of the 17 cases also had elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LD) LD-5/LD-1 ratio; five cases were motor vehicle accident (MVA), four cases were prostatic carcinoma (PC), and one case each of breast carcinoma and coronary heart disease. One case of PC and one of MVA with a preliminary clinical diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were presented. Our findings underscore the importance of electrophoretic confirmation of the presence of CK-MB when detected by a quantitative technique. Clinicians should consider the possibilities of PC or other cancers when elevated "CK-MB" is present in conjunction with a raised LD-5/LD-1 ratio in patients who fail to show clear-cut clinical evidence of AMI. The mechanism of elevated CK-BB and LD-5/LD-1 ratio in PC patients are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A practical approach to immunophenotyping of lymphomas. Comparison of immunohistologic and immunocytologic techniques.

Comparison of immunohistologic (IH) and immunocytologic (IC) techniques was conducted on 86 specimens. Forty-seven B-cell, five T-cell, and two null-cell lymphomas were identified by IH as well as 16 cases of lymphoid hyperplasia. The results of IC were generally identical to those of IH except for two T-cell and two B-cell lymphomas. The diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma was a major problem for IC because of the presence of normal T-cell count and/or normal helper/suppressor ratio in these cases. Twenty-one percent of the B-cell lymphomas failed to express surface immunoglobulin but did express B1 and HLA-DR antigens. Such a discrepancy was not demonstrated in cases of lymphoid hyperplasia, thus serving as a useful criterion in the diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma. While combined IH and IC should be used for immunophenotyping in large medical centers, IH is recommended for community hospitals. The identification of kappa, lambda, B1 and T11 (Leu 5) antigens in frozen sections with the immunoperoxidase technique should be sufficient to phenotype most lymphoproliferative diseases. The criteria for immunophenotyping of lymphomas are discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical ethics programs in family practice residencies.

Ethics is an integral part of medical practice and needs explicit attention in family practice residency training programs. One difficulty, however, in developing a medical ethics program in a family practice residency is the lack of information about ethics programs and their strengths and weaknesses. This report provides baseline data on what is being done in 182 family medicine residencies throughout the country. It contains demographic data on locale, size, and age of residency and the perceptions of program directors and chief residents as to the usefulness of such programs, the most frequently discussed issues, the staffing, the amount of curriculum time allocated, and the format employed. Differences of opinion between the two groups are reported.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Schizonts, merozoites, and phagocytosis in falciparum malaria.

Two Nigerian siblings, ages 10 and 4 years, respectively, were infected with Plasmodium falciparum and were admitted to the hospital on the same day. The younger child died on the day of admission, but the older child survived. The peripheral blood smears of the younger patient showed the ring forms, schizonts, free merozoites, and phagocytosis of malarial parasites by both monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, whereas the smear from the older patient revealed only ring forms. The prognostic significance of this unusual observation and the host factors that affect the survival of the patients are discussed. This is the first documented case in which phagocytosis of malarial parasites by polymorphonuclear leukocytes is observed.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urinary lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme analysis in adult population.

This investigation was a systemic study on an adult population of urinary lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme analysis for the distinction between upper and lower urinary tract infections. The study included 160 urine samples from patients and healthy individuals. On the basis of clinical symptoms, urinary bacterial colony counts, renal function tests and radiologic findings, the adults were divided into pyelonephritis group, cystitis group, pelvic lesion group, and control group. This technique correctly identified 23 of 26 patients with pyelonephritis by the presence of elevated LDH-V (over 10 percent) and all of 12 patients with cystitis by the presence of elevated LDH-I (over 60 relative units) but low LDH-V (below 10 percent or lower than LDH-I). In the pelvic group, the results of eight patients were consistent with cystitis and four with pyelonephritis. Our study confirms the sensitivity and specificity of the LDH isoenzyme technique for the differential diagnosis of urinary tract infection on adult patients and is consistent with previous studies on pediatric patients. However, one should be cautious to interpret the results of LDH isoenzymogram before extra-urinary tract lesions are excluded.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathology and immunology of Clonorchis sinensis infection of the liver.

The existence of clonorchiasis cases among the Asian immigrants and the major clinical and pathologic features encountered in those patients is emphasized. Owing to the longevity of the parasite, clinical symptoms may occur long after endemic exposure. The common manifestations among the immigrants are recurrent pyogenic cholangitis and pancreatitis. The relationship between clonorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma and the possible pathogenesis of this tumor are discussed. The specific immunologic phenomenon in clonorchiasis is described.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Printcultures for postmortem microbiology.

A modified printculture method for postmortem bacteriology was compared to the traditional tissue homogenate inoculum method. The two methods were comparable in their recovery rate of bacterial isolates. However, printcultures is an easy and rapid method; thus, it is superior to the traditional technique for postmortem culture. Histologic examination of most postmortem lung specimens with no bacterial growth showed no evidence of pneumonia or bronchitis, suggesting that the lack of growth is a reliable indicator of no bacterial infection.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acquired alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and dysgammaglobulinemia.

Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) levels were measured in patients with three types of dysgammaglobulinemia: monoclonal gammopathy, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia and hypogammaglobulinemia. A fourth group comprised of subjects with normogammaglobulinemia served as a control. The frequency of hypoalpha-1-antitrypsinemia was significantly higher in those with monoclonal gammopathy compared with controls. The basis for this evaluation is unknown. It was not associated with phenotypic variation nor was it related to sex, age, total protein, albumin and immunoglobulin levels, liver function, bone marrow and bone x-ray findings.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elongation and preload stress in dental implant abutment screws.

A common problem associated with dental implant restorations is loosening of screws that retain the prosthesis to the implant. A method was developed to determine initial preload on UCLA-type abutment screws by measuring elongation after applying known tightening torques with a digital torque gauge. Loosening torque was also measured after tightening to 32 N-cm torque for gold alloy abutment screws and 20 N-cm for titanium abutment screws. Gold alloy and titanium abutment screws were each used to secure a gold UCLA hexed abutment to a titanium implant. Stresses and forces were calculated from the elongation measurements for three regions of each screw. Elongation of the screws after applying the manufacturer's recommended tightening torques were within the elastic range. Induced stresses were 57.5% and 56% of the yield strengths for gold alloy and titanium, respectively. Tightening of screws beyond recommended levels may be possible without producing plastic deformation. At manufacturer's recommended torques, mean preload was 468.2 (+/- 57.9) N using gold alloy screws and 381.5 (+/- 72.9) N with titanium screws.

Dental Abutments↗