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Biomedical subjects

T Suga

Publications and source records attributed to T Suga.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of some hypolipidemic agents on biochemical values and hepatic peroxisomal enzymes in rats: comparison of probucol, CGA, KCD-232, MLM-160, AL-369 and clinofibrate with clofibrate.

The effect of some hypolipidemic agents, which are commercially available and those being developed, on certain biochemical values and on hepatic peroxisomal enzyme activities of rats were examined. Clofibrate (0.25% (w/w) in the diet), p-chlorophenoxy-isobutyryl-glycinamide (CGA) (0.25%), clinofibrate (0.1%), KCD-232 (0.1%) and MLM-160 (0.1%) increased the activities of peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidizing system, carnitine acetyltransferase, and mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase. Of peroxisomal enzymes, catalase activity was increased by the above agents, whereas the activities of D-amino acid oxidase and urate oxidase were decreased by clofibrate and CGA, and but were increased by KCD-232 and MLM-160 which are structurally unrelated to clofibrate. No influence on these enzyme activities by AL-369 and probucol treatments were observed. Hepatomegaly was induced by clofibrate, CGA, KCD-232 and MLM-160. Concerning serum lipid levels, clofibrate, CGA, clinofibrate, KCD-232 and MLM-160 decreased both cholesterol and triglyceride levels, whereas probucol decreased only cholesterol level. AL-369 had no influence on serum lipid levels under this condition using normolipemic rat. From these results, it was concluded that differing clofibrate and CGA, clinofibrate, MLM-160 and KCD-232 might not induce peroxisome proliferation in hepatic cells, although these have an influence on the enzyme composition of hepatic peroxisomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Detection of IgA-class circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy using a solid-phase anti-C3 Facb enzyme immunoassay (EIA).

The detection of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy is described. A solid-phase anti-C3 Facb enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed for detection of IgA-, IgG- and IgM-CIC in sera. The C1q-binding enzyme assay was also used for the detection of CIC in sera from these patients and healthy adults. Twenty-two patients with IgA nephropathy, 14 patients with other glomerular diseases and 19 healthy adults were examined by anti-C3 Facb EIA. The levels of IgA-CIC in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those in sera from patients with other glomerular diseases and healthy adults. CIC measured by the C1q-binding enzyme assay was detected in some patients with IgA nephropathy. The levels of serum IgA in patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those in patients with other glomerular diseases and healthy adults. However, there was no significant correlation between the levels of IgA-CIC in sera and those of serum IgA in patients with IgA nephropathy. There was also no significant correlation between the levels of IgA-CIC in sera and the degree of histopathological injuries in the patients. It is concluded that the solid-phase anti-C3 Facb EIA is useful for the detection of IgA-CIC in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Antitumor and metastasis-inhibitory activities of lentinan as an immunomodulator: an overview.

The antitumor and metastasis-inhibitory activities, mode of action, and clinical application of lentinan, a strictly purified beta-1,6:beta-1,3-glucan, are reviewed. Lentinan exerts a prominent antitumor effect and prevents chemical and viral oncogenesis. The antitumor action of lentinan is host-mediated. Compared to other well-known immunostimulants, such as bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG), Corynebacterium parvum, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lentinan appears to represent a unique class of immunopotentiator, a T cell-oriented adjuvant. Lentinan triggers the increased production of various kinds of bioactive serum factors associated with immunity and inflammation, such as IL-1, CSF, IL-3, vascular dilation inducer, and acute-phase protein inducer, by the direct impact of macrophages or indirectly via lentinan-stimulated T cells, which results in the induction of many immunobiological changes in the host. Augmented IL-1 production amplifies the maturation of immature effector cells to mature cells capable of responding to lymphokines such as IL-2 and T cell-replacing factors. Because of this mode of action, intact T cell compartments for antitumor activity of lentinan are required. Lentinan has little toxic side effects. Excellent results were obtained in a 4 year follow-up of the randomized control study of lentinan in phase III on patients with advanced and recurrent stomach and colorectal cancer.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1987

Double immunofluorescence studies of IgA and poly C9 (MAC) in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy.

Double immunofluorescent studies on IgA, poly (MAC) or C3 in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy are described. Renal biopsy specimens were obtained from 12 patients with IgA nephropathy, four patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN) and two normal human kidney (NHK). These specimens were incubated with monoclonal anti-poly C9 (membrane attack complex; MAC) and then stained with FITC-labelled goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin (Ig) antiserum. After washing with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (pH 7.4), the sections were stained with rhodamine-labelled rabbit anti-human IgA antiserum and examined by fluorescence microscopy. The sections were also stained with FITC-labelled goat anti-human C3 antiserum and then stained with rhodamine-labelled rabbit anti-human IgA antiserum. Markedly combined depositions of IgA and poly C9 or C3 in glomeruli were observed in patients with IgA nephropathy. There was a significant correlation between the deposition of poly C9 and the grading of histopathological injuries in such patients. There was also a significant correlation between the deposition of poly C9 in the extraglomerular vascular vessels and the ageing in patients with IgA nephropathy, PGN and NHK. It appears that the deposition of poly C9 might detect directly the activities of complement in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Clinical effect of newly developed oral carbonaceous adsorbent (AST-120) in patients with advanced stages of chronic glomerulonephritis.

Clinical effects of a newly developed oral carbonaceous adsorbent (AST-120) in patients with advanced stages of chronic glomerulonephritis is described. Measurements of serum creatinine were performed before, during and after the administration of AST-120. The reciprocal of serum creatinine concentration was also plotted serially in each patient. The mean levels of the slope of the reciprocal serum creatinine vs time plot after administration of AST-120 was decreased compared with those before the administration of AST-120 but there was no statistical significance (p greater than 0.10). Further studies with more patients are needed to determine whether the administration of AST-120 may be useful for treatment of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1987

[A case of foreign body granuloma caused by cotton pledgets that remained during intracranial operation].

A case of intracranial foreign body granuloma is reported which was caused by cotton pledgets after total removal of meningioma. A 46 year-old woman was admitted on July 10, 1982, complaining of generalized convulsive seizures. CT and cerebral angiography revealed a left falx meningioma. The meningioma was totally removed under the left frontoparietal osteoplastic craniotomy. Microscopical findings were meningotheliomatous meningioma without malignancy. Despite the total removal, she developed two attacks of convulsion. Cerebral CT revealed a slightly high density mass with contrast-enhancement where the meningioma had been removed. Re-operation was performed on July 16, 1983. There was a granuloma with cotton fibers surrounded by yellow capsule without residual or recurrent meningioma. Only two cases have ever been reported in the literature so far reviewed. The differential diagnosis of foreign body granuloma is discussed and it is stressed to pay attention not to leave cotton pledgets during operations.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

[A report on the epidemiology and the clinical features of the patients with chronic pancreatitis in Hokkaido District].

We carried out through questionnaires the second survey on the epidemiology and the clinical features of chronic pancreatitis in Hokkaido district. Chronic pancreatitis was diagnosed in 258 patients in 19 hospitals during the period April 1977 to December 1984. The ratio of male cases to females was 2.7:1.0 and the average age was 53.9. Alcoholic abuse, observed in 55% of the patients, was a main causative factor. A half of the patients was diagnosed on the basis of pancreatogram and/or image of the pancreas (ultrasonogram and computed tomogram). The incidence of chronic pancreatitis in the second survey was about fourfold over that diagnosed during the period January 1970 to March 1977 in the first survey. Such an increasing number of the patients with chronic pancreatitis in Hokkaido district was considered to be resulted from the difference between two surveys in epidemiological aspects and diagnostic criteria. The proportion of female patients and alcoholic patients was calculated to be increasing. The frequency of the patients diagnosed in a relatively early stage was supposed to be also increasing, because in the second survey a new item (pancreatogram, ultrasonogram and computed tomogram) was added to the diagnostic criteria (histological evidence, pancreatic calcification and definitive disturbance of exocrine pancreatic function) in the first survey. Based on whether alcoholic abuse was causative factor or not, the patients were divided into two groups and the clinical manifestations of both groups were compared.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Chain-shortening of a xenobiotic acyl compound by the peroxisomal beta-oxidation system in rat liver.

When 14C-labeled N-(alpha-methylbenzyl)azelaamic acid (C9), which is an intermediate in the metabolism of N-(alpha-methylbenzyl)linoleamide, a potent hypocholesterolemic agent, was administered to rats, 84% of the radioactivity was recovered in the urine in 24 hr, which contained 66.1% of N-(alpha-methylbenzyl)glutaramic acid (C5) and 8.6% of N-(alpha-methylbenzyl)pimelamic acid (C7) as major metabolites. While 14C-labeled C9 was incubated with isolated hepatocytes, similar metabolites were found, whereas none of the metabolites with an even number of carbon atoms in the acyl side chain was detected. The activity of the chain-shortening of C9 by hepatocytes isolated from clofibrate-treated rats was stimulated to about twice that of untreated hepatocytes, in parallel with the elevation of C9-dependent H2O2-generation. A subcellular fractionation study of the liver revealed that the subcellular distribution of cyanide-insensitive C9-oxidation activity was coincident with that of catalase and of cyanide-insensitive palmitoyl-CoA oxidation. In this reaction, C7 and C5 were produced. For this reaction, the formation of C9-CoA thioester was essential as an intermediary step. These results indicate that peroxisomes are capable of shortening the acyl side-chains of drugs by beta-oxidation and, thus, suggest an additional metabolic role for peroxisomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Macrophage-mediated acute-phase transport protein production induced by lentinan.

A new bioactive factor capable of stimulating the production of acute-phase transport proteins, haptoglobin, hemopexin and ceruloplasmin, was found in mouse serum soon after the administration of lentinan, an immunomodulatory polysaccharide. This factor (APPIF) was produced by macrophages, and may regulate the production of acute-phase transport proteins in hepatocytes. The mice given the serum obtained from donor mice 2-6 h after an injection of 10 mg/kg of lentinan showed a marked increase of the acute-phase transport proteins in their serum 4 days after the serum injection. Pretreatment with the antimacrophage agents, carrageenan and mouse Ia antiserum, before the lentinan treatment to donor mice inhibited the production of acute-phase transport proteins in the recipient mice. Thymus or T-cells had no role in the production of APPIF. As the activity of APPIF disappeared after pronase treatment of the serum, APPIF seems to be a peptide compound. Appearance of APPIF is considered to be one of the earliest manifestations of the mode of action of lentinan in addition to its augmented production of vascular dilatation and hemorrhage inducing factor and interleukin-1. The correlation between these inflammatory and immune responses in earlier stages of the host defence mechanisms is also discussed.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1986

Effects of unsaturated fatty acids on the peroxisomal enzyme activities of Tetrahymena pyriformis.

The effects of unsaturated fatty acids on the activities of peroxisomal enzymes of Tetrahymena pyriformis were investigated. When saturated fatty acids and the corresponding unsaturated fatty acids (C18) were added to the culture medium at 0.05%, the activities of peroxisomal enzymes [fatty acyl-CoA oxidase (FAO), carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT), isocitrate lyase (ICL), and malate synthase (MS)] were significantly increased. The order of effectiveness was linoleic acid greater than oleic acid greater than stearic acid. However, alpha-linolenic acid and gamma-linolenic acid at the same concentration were lethal to the cells. The inhibitory effect on growth disappeared upon addition of an antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol. Lipid peroxides derived from unsaturated fatty acids induced marked cell lysis. In the presence of a low concentration (0.005%) of linolenic acid the production of lipid peroxide was lower and no inhibitory effect on the growth was observed, while the activities of peroxisomal enzymes participating in lipid metabolism and that of catalase were significantly increased. These results indicate that the peroxisomal enzyme systems related to the beta-oxidations of fatty acids and the glyoxylate cycle are regulated by unsaturated long-chain fatty acids, including linolenic acid, at low concentrations, as well as by saturated fatty acid in the medium.

Acyl-CoA Oxidase↗
PubMed1986

Changes in CoA pools in hepatic peroxisomes of the rat under various conditions.

Changes in peroxisomal CoA pools in the liver of fasted, diabetic, high-fat diet-fed and clofibrate-treated rats were studied. Total-CoA increased slightly in the fasted group and markedly in the diabetic, high-fat and clofibrate-treated groups. Fractionation studies showed that changes in free CoA levels were much greater in peroxisomes than in mitochondria. The concentrations of CoAs were calculated from the contents of CoAs in organelles and the changes in volume of organelles under these conditions; the concentration of total CoA in peroxisomes was higher than that in cytosol, but lower than that in mitochondria. These changes were accompanied by an increase in the activity of peroxisomal beta-oxidation. The results obtained from these experiments indicate that the peroxisomal beta-oxidation system is controlled not only at the enzyme level but also at the substrate or co-factor level.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1986

Effect of immunoglobulin deposition on the amount of glomerular sialic acids in patients with membranous nephropathy.

A study of double immunofluorescence staining of immunoglobulins and sialic acids in the glomeruli from patients with membranous nephropathy was described. Renal biopsy specimens from patients with membranous nephropathy were stained with rhodamine-labeled limulus polyphemus (LPA) and tricum vulgaris (WGA). The binding of LPA or WGA was hardly observed in the glomerular capillary walls from patients with membranous nephropathy although the deposition of immunoglobulin was marked. Both binding of LPA and deposition of IgG in the glomerular capillary walls were observed in only one out of nine patients with membranous nephropathy (11%). In that case, binding of LPA was observed in the inside of glomerular capillary walls although the deposition of IgG was observed on the outside of the walls. It was suggested that decrease of sialic acids in the glomerular capillary walls might be due to deposition of IgG in some patients with membranous nephropathy.

Arthropod Proteins↗
PubMed1986

Effect of immunoglobulin depositions of glomerular sialic acids in patients with IgA nephropathy.

A study of double immunofluorescence-staining of immunoglobulins and sialic acids in the glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy is described. Renal biopsy specimens from patients with IgA nephropathy were stained with rhodamine-labeled antihuman IgA, IgG or IgM antisera and then stained with FITC-labeled Limulus polyphemus (LPA), Tricum vulgaris (WGA) or antihuman C3 antisera. Marked positive stainings of IgA and C3 and positive binding of LPA or WGA were observed in the glomerular mesangial areas from patients with IgA nephropathy. LPA or WGA were not bound with glomerular capillary walls from patients with moderate and advanced stages of IgA nephropathy, although depositions of IgA and C3 were markedly observed in such walls. There was a significant inverse correlation between the deposition of IgA and the binding of LPA or WGA in glomerular capillary walls obtained from these patients with IgA nephropathy. The levels of proteinuria from patients with moderate and advanced stages of IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those with minimal and slight stages of such disease. It is suggested that the decrease of sialic acids in glomerular capillary walls might be due to a deposition of IgA in some patients with IgA nephropathy. It is concluded that high levels of proteinuria might be due to the decrease of sialic acids in glomerular capillary walls from patients with moderate and advanced stages of IgA nephropathy.

Adult↗