[Changes in CPK and its isoenzymes in open-heart surgery under profound hypothermia by surface cooling].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
T Suda
Publications and source records attributed to T Suda.
[Transvascular removal of catheter fragments from the great vessels and the heart].
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Adult↗
Mosaic pattern changes in human corneal endothelium with age.
The central corneal endothelium of 73 intact eyes was examined using a specular microscope. The photographs obtained were analyzed with a computerized digitizer for determination of the shape and size of the individual cells. The endothelium of cases younger than 30 years of age was composed mainly of hexagonal cells, 70% of all cells. With increasing age, however, the proportion as well as the number of hexagonal cells decreased significantly, although they continued to constitute the majority, 58%, of cells in the endothelium of cases over 70 years of age. There was a positive correlation between age and the proportion of nonhexagonal cells. It appears that the original hexagonal pattern of endothelial morphology is gradually lost with age, concurrent with a gradual increase in both mean cell size and variation in cell size.
Adolescent↗
[Clinicopathological features of 51 patients with megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency].
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Adolescent↗
[Morphological changes of human corneal endothelium in healing].
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Aged↗
Analysis of differentiation of mouse hemopoietic stem cells in culture by sequential replating of paired progenitors.
Blast cell colonies seen in cultures of spleen cells from 5-fluorouracil-treated mice provide a highly enriched population of primitive hemopoietic progenitors. Our recent studies of the differentiation potentials of the paired daughter cells of these progenitors showed different patterns of differentiation in the colonies produced by the separated daughter cells. In this study, we carried out sequential micromanipulation of paired progenitors followed by cytologic examinations of the colonies derived from these progenitors. Of the total 94 evaluable cultures, consisting of three or more colonies, 52 consisted of macrophage colonies and one consisted of megakaryocyte colonies. In the remaining 41 cultures, diverse combinations of colonies revealing heterogeneous compositions of cell lineages were identified. Presumptive genealogic trees of the differentiation of hemopoietic progenitors constructed for the latter group of cultures suggested that monopotent progenitors may be derived from pluripotent progenitors in two ways: (1) directly during one cell division of pluripotent cells or (2) as a result of progressive lineage restriction during successive division of the pluripotent progenitors. The results also suggested that some of the oligopotent progenitors are capable of limited self-renewal.
Animals↗
1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) into monocyte-macrophages, but not into granulocytes.
The differentiating action of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3] in hematopoietic cells was examined in 3 tumor cell lines. 1 alpha,25-(OH)2D3 induced common differentiation-associated properties in macrophages and granulocytes similarly in mouse myeloblastic leukemia cells (M1), human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) and human histiocytic monoblast-like lymphoma cells (U937). 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 markedly induced alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity, a typical marker of monocyte-macrophages, in M1 and HL-60 cells. In HL-60 and U937 cells, the vitamin also induced binding of the monoclonal antibody MAS 072, specific for monocyte-macrophages, but not of MAS 067, specific for granulocytes. These results clearly indicate that 1 alpha, 25(OH)2D3 induces differentiation of all cell lines examined preferentially along the monocyte-macrophage pathway.
Calcitriol↗
Stimulatory effect of prostaglandin E2 on 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 synthesis in rats.
The effect of prostaglandin E2 on accumulation in plasma of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 from 25-hydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 was studied in vivo using vitamin D-deficient thyroparathyroidectomized rats. Intra-arterial infusion of 10-50 micrograms of prostaglandin E2/h caused a significant stimulation of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 production. No significant changes in plasma Ca2+ and Pi concentrations or urinary cyclic AMP excretion were observed after prostaglandin E2 infusion. Theophylline did not enhance the effect of a submaximal dose of prostaglandin E2 on 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 production. These data indicate that prostaglandin E2 stimulates plasma accumulation of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]vitamin D3 independent of the adenylate cyclase/cyclic AMP system, and suggest that prostaglandin E2 has a modulatory role in the regulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1 alpha-hydroxylase in the kidney.
Animals↗
Extremely high circulating levels of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the marmoset, a new world monkey.
Compared to most mammals, the marmoset, a new world monkey, requires particularly large amounts of vitamin D to maintain normal growth. We compared serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in marmosets with rhesus monkeys and humans. The circulating levels of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha,25(OH)2D3] in marmosets were 4 to 10 times higher than those in rhesus monkeys and humans. But none of the marmosets exhibited hypercalcemia. In two marmosets which had suffered bone fractures, the 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 levels were particularly elevated. These results suggest that the marmoset has an end-organ resistance to 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3.
24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
Multiple forms of immunoreactive dynorphin in human pituitary and pheochromocytoma.
Multiple forms of immunoreactive dynorphin (I-Dy) in human pituitary and pheochromocytoma were examined utilizing gel filtration and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Gel filtration of I-Dy from these tissues revealed the major component in the position of Dy(1-17) and other minor components with large molecular weight forms. HPLC profile of this major component from gel filtration showed a large peak corresponding to the position of Dy(1-17) and small peaks corresponding to the positions of Dy (1-13), (1-12) and other unknown peptides. These results strongly suggest the presence of Dy(1-17) as the major component, and Dy (1-13), (1-12) or other unknown peptides as the minor components in these human tissues.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
Isolation and identification of 1 alpha- and 23-hydroxylated metabolites of 25-hydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 from in vitro incubates of chick kidney homogenates.
Five major metabolites (peaks I-V) of 25-hydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 (25(OH)24-oxo-D3) have been isolated in pure form from in vitro incubates containing kidney homogenates of vitamin D-deficient chicks and chicks given 65 nmol of vitamin D3; peaks II, III, and V are from vitamin D-deficient chicks and peaks I, II, and IV are from vitamin D-supplemented birds. The structures of the metabolites were unequivocally identified as 23,25-dihydroxy-24-oxo-vitamin D3 (peak I), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25(OH)2D3) (peak II), 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 (peak III), 23,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 (peak IV), and 1 alpha,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 (peak V) by means of ultraviolet absorption spectrometry, mass spectrometry, and specific chemical reactions. It is concluded that 25(OH)24-oxo-D3 is further hydroxylated at the 1 alpha-position in the kidney of vitamin D-deficient chicks and at the 23-position in that of vitamin D-supplemented animals. Formation of 24,25(OH)2D3 from 25(OH)24-oxo-D3 in both vitamin D-deficient and -supplemented animals provides evidence for the presence of an enzyme to reduce the 24-oxo group irrespective of the vitamin D status.
Animals↗
Studies on abnormal polymorphonuclear neutrophils in acute myelogenous leukemia: clinical significance and changes after chemotherapy.
In patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 34 out of 35 patients (97%) had cytochemically abnormal polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). Some interesting regularity was noted in the appearance of cytochemical abnormalities of the PMNs. When peroxidase (PO) activity was low, both alkaline phosphatase (AP) and chloroacetate esterase (CAE) activities were also low (group A). When PO activity was normal, if AP activity was low, CAE activity tended to be high (group B) and if AP activity was high, CAE activity tended to be low (group C). Complete remission rate of group B (65%) seemed to be better than that of group C (20%) and group A (25%) although the differences was not statistically significant. In these patients, the number of peripheral leukemic blasts and PMNs showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.69, p less than 0.005). Furthermore, patients with higher circulating PMN counts (more than 2 X 10(9)/L) had a significantly worse prognosis than patients with lower counts (p less than 0.05). These rather unexpected findings strongly suggest that cytochemically abnormal PMNs are progeny of AML blasts. The change in the proportion of abnormal PMNs associated with chemotherapy were studied in 21 patients during the remission induction period. Abnormal PMNs disappeared from the circulation in patients who achieved complete remission. In contrast, abnormal PMNs persisted throughout the remission induction period in patients who failed to achieve complete remission.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
Proliferative kinetics and differentiation of murine blast cell colonies in culture: evidence for variable G0 periods and constant doubling rates of early pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors.
Several investigators have described hemopoietic colonies expressing multi-lineage differentiation in culture. We recently identified a class of murine hemopoietic progenitors which form blast cell colonies with very high replating efficiencies. In order to clarify further the relationship between progenitors for blast cell colonies and progenitors for the multilineage hemopoietic colonies in culture, we carried out analyses of kinetic and differentiation properties of murine blast cell colonies. Serial observations of the development of blast cell colonies into multilineage (and single lineage) colonies in cultures of spleen cells obtained from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mice confirmed the transitional nature of the murine blast cell colonies. The data also suggested that the early pluripotent progenitors are in G0 for variable periods, and that when triggered into cell cycle, they proliferate at relatively constant doubling rates during the early stages of differentiation. The notion that some of the pluripotent progenitors are in G0 was also supported by long-term thymidine suicide studies in which spleen cells were exposed to 3H-thymidine with high specific activity for 5 days in culture, washed, and assayed for surviving progenitors. Comparison of replating abilities of day-7 and day-16 blast cell colonies from normal as well as 5-FU-treated mice indicated that some of the day-7 blast cell colonies are derived from maturer populations of progenitors which are sensitive to 5-FU. In contrast, progenitors for the day-16 blast cell colonies are dormant in cell cycle and were not affected by 5-FU treatment. Previously we reported that progenitors for day-16 blast cell colonies have a significant capacity for self-renewal. These observations suggest the hypothesis that the capability for self-renewal is accompanied by long periods of G0, and that once commitment to differentiation takes place, then active cell division occurs.
Animals↗
Erythroid and granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells in primary acquired sideroblastic anemia.
In order to study the pathogenesis of primary acquired sideroblastic anemia (PASA), bone marrow and/or peripheral blood specimens obtained from four patients with PASA were cultured for erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-E), erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E), and granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units (GM-CFU). The number of CFU-E was markedly decreased in all four patients. CFU-E colonies consisted exclusively of normal-appearing erythroblasts, while ringed sideroblasts were observed only in scattered single erythroblasts or in small erythroblast aggregates. In one case, very few BFU-E colonies containing both normal-appearing erythroblasts and ringed sideroblasts were detected. In addition, the number of GM-CFU was significantly decreased in three out of the four cases. These findings may suggest that there are abnormalities in the pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells at least in some cases of PASA.
Aged↗
Effects of prostaglandin E on the proliferation and differentiation of leukemic progenitor cells in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
The effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on leukemia colony formation were investigated in seven cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. In contrast to the almost constant results observed for normal myeloid colony formation, in patients there were apparent individual variations. Strong inhibition of colony formation by PGE1 was observed in three cases. In one case, enhancement rather than inhibition was observed. These in vitro inhibitory or stimulatory effects of PGE1 were not related to the degree of the in vivo proliferation of leukemia cells. Morphologic analysis of colonies revealed that preferential inhibition of monocytic colony formation by PGE1, characteristic of normal bone marrow cultures, was not always observed in leukemia cell cultures. These abnormal responses to PGE1 suggest that the proliferation and differentiation of leukemic progenitor cells are regulated in a different way from normal hemopoiesis.
Alprostadil↗
Effect of hydrocortisone on osteoclasts generated in cat bone marrow cultures.
The generation of osteoclasts in cultures of cat bone marrow was completely inhibited for 4 weeks with 10(-6)M hydrocortisone (HC) and partially inhibited with 10(-7) to 10(-9)M in a dose-dependent fashion. This effect was completely reversible when cultures were exposed for only 2 weeks to 10(-9) or 10(-8)M HC. However, cultures in which higher concentrations (10(-7) to 10(-5)M) were maintained for the same period did not show complete recovery in terms of numbers of osteoclasts and number of nuclei per cell after withdrawal of HC, suggesting that precursor cells of osteoclasts were also damaged by HC. To study the effects of HC on osteoclasts already present in the cultures, 10(-6)M was added to 4-week-old untreated cultures. The number of osteoclasts decreased rapidly and a gross morphological response was also apparent (rounding of the cells leading to detachment from the substratum and inhibition of cell fusion), indicating that the generation as well as the survival of osteoclasts in vitro are sensitive to HC. The morphological changes observed under optical and electron microscopy correspond to those of the reported inactive form of osteoclasts, and suggest that their function may also be altered by HC.
Animals↗
The role of vitamin D in the medullary bone formation in egg-laying Japanese quail and in immature male chicks treated with sex hormones.
The effect of vitamin D3 on medullary bone formation was investigated in egg-laying Japanese quail and in immature male chicks treated with sex hormones. When laying quail were fed a vitamin D-deficient diet for 16 days, their eggshell weights and egg production rate were markedly reduced in a time-dependent manner with a significant decrease in plasma calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels. The calcium content of the medullary bone of femurs decreased markedly with the progress of vitamin D deficiency, whereas that of the cortical bone remained unchanged. Quantitative histological examination also showed that the area of the mineralized portion of medullary bone in quail that were fed the vitamin D-deficient diet markedly decreased compared with that in the control laying quail, whereas the total area of the mineralized and unmineralized portions of medullary bone in the bone marrow cavity increased moderately. Daily administration of vitamin D3 (0.75 microgram/day) to the vitamin D-deficient quail increased the mineralization of medullary bone as early as day 4. Daily administration of both estradiol (0.3 mg/day) and testosterone (0.9 mg/day) for 3 weeks to immature male chicks induced an apparent hypercalcemia and matrix formation of medullary bone, regardless of the vitamin D status of the chicks. Mineralization of medullary bone was observed only when vitamin D3 was administered together with the sex hormones. These results suggest that vitamin D3 is directly involved in the mineralization of medullary bone in birds.
Animals↗
Biological activity of 24,24-difluoro-1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone in inducing differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells.
Vitamin D compounds added to the culture medium induce differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60 cells) by binding to a specific cytosol receptor protein. This system provides a biologically relevant and technically simple assay to examine the relationship between molecular structure and biological activity of vitamin D compounds. Using this culture system, the biological activity of 24,24-F2-1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 and 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3-26,23-lactone was assayed. 24,24-F2-1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 was four to seven times more potent than 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 in inducing phagocytosis and C3 rosette formation of HL-60 cells, though both compounds bound equally well to the cytosol receptor, suggesting that the defuorination at the 24-carbon position may stimulate membrane permeability of the compound. 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3-26,23-lactone, on the other hand, was only 1/200th as active as 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3. The binding affinity of the lactone for the cytosol receptor was identical with that of 1 alpha (OH)D3, suggesting that the lactone formation between the 26 and 23 positions masks the function of the 25-hydroxyl group. The binding affinity of vitamin D3 derivatives to the specific cytosol receptor of HL-60 cells was well correlated with that of intestinal cytosol protein specifically bound to 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3.
Calcitriol↗