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Biomedical subjects

T Sorahan

Publications and source records attributed to T Sorahan.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Mortality from lung cancer among a cohort of nickel cadmium battery workers: 1946-84.

The lung cancer mortality experienced by a cohort of 3025 workers from a nickel cadmium battery factory during the period 1946-84 has been investigated. Occupational histories were described in terms of 75 jobs: eight with "high," 14 with "moderate" or slight, and 53 with minimal or zero exposure to cadmium oxide (hydroxide) dust. The Mantel-Haenszel technique applied to prospective (or historical prospective) studies was used to compare the estimated cadmium exposures (durations of exposed employment) of those dying from lung cancer with those of matching survivors in the same year of follow up, while controlling for sex and year, and age of starting employment. Among workers first employed in the period 1923-46, there was some evidence of an association between the risk of dying from lung cancer and duration of employment in "high or moderate" exposure jobs, although the evidence relied heavily on the findings for the single highest exposure category. Among workers first employed in the period 1947-75, there was no evidence whatsoever of such an association.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1987

A mortality study of nickel/chromium platers.

The mortality experienced by a cohort of 2689 nickel/chromium platers between 1946 and 1983 has been investigated. All members of the study cohort had some period of chrome exposed employment. Overall, compared with the general population of England and Wales, statistically significant differences relating to cancer were found for cancer of the stomach (E = 16.2, O = 25), primary cancer of the liver (E = 0.8, O = 4), cancer of the nose and nasal cavities (E = 0.3, O = 3), cancers of the lung and bronchus (E = 48.1, O = 72), and all cancers (E = 164.2, O = 213). Chrome bath workers are the more heavily exposed workers, and a striking difference in SMRs was found for lung cancer among men first employed as chrome bath workers (SMR = 199) and men first employed as other chrome workers (SMR = 101). The method of regression models in life tables (RMLT) was used to compare the durations of chrome exposed employment of those dying from causes of interest with those of all matching survivors in the same year of follow up, while controlling for sex, and for year and age of starting employment. Significant positive associations were found only for cancers of the lung and bronchus and duration of chrome bath work. In this study exposure to nickel was shown not to be an important confounding exposure.

Chromium↗
PubMed1987

Birth weight and childhood cancer deaths.

For investigation of the hypothesis that elevated birth weight characterizes children dying from cancer, birth weights of over 3,000 children who died of cancer were compared with those of matched controls alive at the time of the case's death. Analysis revealed no consistent pattern of association between birth weight and subsequent cancer death. Girls who died of solid tumors between ages 1 and 10 had a significantly higher mean birth weight and an excess of high birth weights separate from the influence of maternal age, birth order, and socioeconomic status. Boys who died of solid tumors between birth and 2 years had a significantly lower mean birth weight and exhibited a significant, progressive linear decrease in representation across the birth-weight distribution in the controlled analysis. However, this study, the largest to date, did not support previous claims that birth weight may be an important predictor of childhood cancer risk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cancer mortality in the British rubber industry: 1946-80.

The mortality experienced by a cohort of 36445 rubber workers during 1946-80 has been investigated. These workers were all male operatives first employed in any one of the 13 participating factories in 1946-60; all had worked continuously in the industry for a minimum period of one year. Compared with the general population, statistically significant excesses relating to cancer mortality were found for cancer of the stomach (E = 245.9, O = 282, SMR = 115), primary cancer of the liver (E = 12.8, O = 22, SMR = 172), cancer of the lung (E = 892.7, O = 1191, SMR = 133), and all neoplasms (E = 2165.2, O = 2487, SMR = 115). Statistically significant deficits were found for cancer of the prostate (E = 79.7, O = 59, SMR = 74) and cancer of the testis (E = 10.3, O = 4, SMR = 39). The method of regression models in life tables (RMLT) was used to compare the duration of employment in the industry, the duration in "dust exposed" jobs, and the duration in "fume and/or solvent exposed" jobs of those dying from causes of interest with those of all matching survivors. Significant positive associations were found only for cancer of the stomach and cancer of the lung. The results of the RMLT analysis are independent of those from the SMR analysis, and the study has provided further evidence of a causal association between the risks of lung and stomach cancer and certain occupational exposures in the rubber industry.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Radium luminizers.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Coarse fishing and risk of urothelial cancer.

In a case-control study of 240 men with urothelial cancer diagnosed in 1984 and 240 matched control subjects smoking and coarse fishing were found to be significantly associated with the disease. Duration of exposure to the chrysoidine azo dyes used to stain maggot bait was the most important predictor of risk; 5% of our cases were attributable to exposure to this dye. Chrysoidine dyes are chemically similar to some putative mammalian carcinogens and a constituent of hair dyes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The aetiological significance of sunlight and fluorescent lighting in malignant melanoma: a case-control study.

Information on exposure and reaction to sunlight, together with the history of exposure to fluorescent lighting, was elicited by postal questionnaire. Case-control analysis from 58 patients with malignant melanoma, 182 matched controls and 151 unmatched controls showed associations between malignant melanoma and (i) bouts of painful sunburn, (ii) reaction of untanned skin to sunlight, and (iii) number of moles (on right forearm), whereas no association could be found with exposure to fluorescent light at work.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cancer incidence and cancer mortality in a cohort of semiconductor workers.

The cancer mortality experienced by a cohort of 1807 workers from a semiconductor factory during the period 1970-82 has been investigated (as has cancer morbidity for 1970-81). Expectations for mortality were calculated on the basis of rates of mortality for the general population of England and Wales. Expectations for cancer incidence were calculated on the basis of incidence rates for the West Midland Region. For the total study cohort, observed numbers of deaths and incident cases for all cancers were close to expectation. For melanoma incidence, an observed of 3 cases was compared with an expectation of 0.68.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The generation of simulated data in the form of industrial cohorts.

A computer program INDCOGEN, which generates data in the form of industrial cohorts, is being made available to interested users. Values for variables which include selection effects, dose-response effects, length of study, staff turnover, plant exposure levels, and underlying rates of mortality are defined by the user. The program can be used to estimate the likelihood of detecting a cancer "hazard" given the parameters of a field study cohort, the likely size of selection effects, and an assumed form of dose-response.

Computers↗