Biomedical subjects
T Silverstone
Publications and source records attributed to T Silverstone.
The anorectic effect of a long-acting preparation of phentermine (duromine).
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Insulin, blood sugar and hunger.
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Methohexitone relaxation.
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Dopamine in manic depressive illness. A pharmacological synthesis.
If the clinical symptoms of mania are a consequence of increased activity in central dopaminergic (DA) pathways in predisposed individuals, then drugs increasing DA neurotransmission should precipitate or exacerbate mania in such people, whereas drugs which reduce DA neurotransmission should ameliorate manic symptoms. Of the drugs which enhance DA neurotransmission, those which increase synthesis of DA (levodopa), those which promote DA release (amphetamine), and those which act directly as agonists or DA receptors (bromocriptine) have all been shown to precipitate mania. Conversely, drugs which reduce DA neurotransmission by inhibiting synthesis (alpha-methylparatyrosine) or by blocking DA receptors (pimozide) are effective in reducing manic symptoms. DA systems are not working in isolation; evidence is presented showing an influence on manic illness of central cholinergic and GABA-ergic processes. It is suggested that there is an interacting set of neurotransmitter pathways linking the limbic system and the ventral tegmental (A10) area involving DA, acetylcholine and GABA upon which drugs can act to influence the course of a manic illness.
Prevalence of migraine in bipolar disorder.
BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of migraine in people suffering from bipolar affective disorder. METHODS: a headache questionnaire incorporating the newly introduced International Headache Society (IHS) criteria was given to 117 patients on the Dunedin Bipolar Research Register. RESULTS: a total of 81 (69%) completed the questionnaire, out of which 21 (25.9%) reported migraine headaches. 25% of bipolar men and 27% of bipolar women suffered from migraine. CONCLUSIONS: these rates are higher than those reported in the general population with the rate for bipolar men being almost five-times higher than expected. An increased risk of suffering form migraine was particularly noted in bipolar patients with an early onset of the disorder. This may represent a more severe form of bipolar affective disorder.