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Biomedical subjects

T Shoji

Publications and source records attributed to T Shoji.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effect of alpha-tocopherol on high energy phosphate metabolite levels in rat heart by 31P-NMR using a Langendorff perfusion technique.

To examine the action of alpha-tocopherol on high energy phosphate compounds, a 31P-NMR technique was applied to perfused Langendorff rat hearts. Rats were treated with tocopherol acetate (25 mg/kg body wt i.p.) for 7 consecutive days. On the 7th day, the rat hearts were isolated for the Langendorff experiment. After 30 min of global ischemia the NMR signals of creatine phosphate and ATP in myocardium disappeared, and then recovered slightly in the reperfusion following ischemia. However, in the tocopherol-treated rat hearts, the restoration of high energy phosphate compounds occurred quickly after the beginning of reperfusion, although there was no significant difference in the destruction of high energy phosphate compounds during the ischemia. The alpha-tocopherol level in the myocardium was severely depleted by ischemia-reperfusion. In the alpha-tocopherol-treated animals, the alpha-tocopherol level in myocardium was still significantly higher than the control level at the end of 30 min of global ischemia. The heart mitochondrial respiratory function was simultaneously protected against ischemia-reperfusion injury. The role of alpha-tocopherol was discussed as a radical scavenger and membrane stabilizer against oxygen stress.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1993

Tenascin staining positivity and the survival of patients with invasive breast carcinoma.

Tenascin immunohistochemical staining was investigated in 82 patients with primary invasive breast carcinoma followed for at least 5 years after surgery; the staining was analyzed in relation to clinicopathological factors. An intense tenascin staining pattern was noted in 59 patients (72%), but no definite correlation was found between tenascin positivity and clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, or estrogen receptor status. However, tenascin-positive patients had a significantly better prognosis than tenascin-negative patients. Tenascin staining may therefore be a useful marker for predicting the survival of breast cancer patients.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Esophago-jejuno-duodenal anastomoses with an ultra-short duodenum.

Reconstruction following total gastrectomy usually requires one of the various methods of esophagojejunal anastomosis. We present herein the case of a 78-year-old woman with gastric carcinoma involving the adjacent organs for which resection of the whole stomach, distal pancreas, transverse colon, and distal duodenum was performed. Reconstruction was carried out with an esophagojejunostomy, followed by a side-to-side anastomosis between the raised jejunal limb and the residual short duodenum. Her postoperative course was uneventful and she was able to lead a relatively comfortable life at home until she died after tumor recurrence caused GI bleeding 1 year postoperatively. This new modified Roux-en-Y with an ultra-short duodenum can be applied for such contiguously invasive gastric carcinoma to achieve a better quality of life, when conventional reconstruction techniques after total gastrectomy are not indicated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Hypertriglyceridemia and lowered apolipoprotein C-II/C-III ratio in uremia: effect of a fibric acid, clinofibrate.

We examined the effects of a fibric acid, clinofibrate, on lipoprotein metabolism in 12 hyperlipidemic patients with uremia treated on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis during a 24 week treatment. Daily dose of clinofibrate was 200 mg for the initial four weeks, 400 mg for the second four weeks, and 600 mg for the subsequent 16 weeks. Serum and very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglyceride were decreased by 36% and 48%, respectively. Neither total cholesterol nor apolipoprotein B changed significantly, whereas cholesterol was decreased in VLDL and increased in low (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions. Post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) before treatment was not lower than the normal value, and we found no change in LPL activity following clinofibrate. Hepatic triglyceride lipase also did not change. Apolipoprotein (apo) C-II/C-III ratio was low as compared to the normal value before treatment, and the ratio was increased by 38% after the treatment. Decrease in VLDL triglyceride was associated with increase in apo C-II/C-III ratio in all the cases. Abnormal enrichment with triglyceride of LDL and HDL fractions was improved by clinofibrate. Although one patient had a transient and asymptomatic elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase, no patient had muscle pain. There was no accumulation of the drug in the 24 week trial. These results suggest that clinofibrate is an effective and safe approach to the management of dyslipidemia in CAPD patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Subcutaneous wire traction technique without CO2 insufflation for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

One hundred laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed since April 1991. Eleven patients were treated with a new technique without CO2 insufflation, using a traction device to elevate the right upper quadrant wall. Two Kirschner wires were introduced subcutaneously to permit the abdominal wall to be lifted for satisfactory laparoscopic view, as the gas insufflation technique yields. Preoperative evacuation of the intestines and intraoperative muscle relaxation are necessary for easy and successful cholecystectomy. Three cases were converted to laparotomy because of remarkably distended intestine due to incorrect endotracheal intubations. No complications related to subcutaneous wire traction technique were noted in this series. Subcutaneous wire traction technique provides a simpler, and possibly safer alternative to the gas insufflation technique.

Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic↗
PubMed1993

Transduction mechanisms in the olfactory and vomeronasal organs of turtles.

It is generally believed that odorants bind to receptor proteins and activate cAMP-dependent channels located in olfactory cilia. In the present paper, we discuss whether or not this mechanism holds for in vivo transduction in the olfactory and vomeronasal organs of a turtle: (1) Elimination of salts from the olfactory epithelium did not affect the responses to odorants; changes in concentration of NaCl or CaCl2 did not affect the olfactory responses. (2) The sensitivity of the vomeronasal system to various general odorants was essentially similar to that of the olfactory system, although the vomeronasal cells have no cilia. Elimination of salts from the surface of the vomeronasal organ, similar to the olfactory system, did not affect responses to odorants. (3) Liposomes having certain lipid compositions responded to odorants with a sensitivity comparable to that in the olfactory system. The liposomes containing phosphatidylserine (PS) exhibited strong responses, especially to fatty acids. (4) Application of PS-containing liposomes to the olfactory epithelium greatly enhanced the responses to fatty acids. The results suggest that the cation channels located at olfactory cilia may not contribute to in vivo olfactory transduction. The results also suggest that lipids in olfactory receptor membranes are important in odor reception.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A case report of post-thymectomy myasthenia gravis with residual thymoma.

A forty-nine-year-old female patient, complaining of swallowing difficulties and general fatigue, was admitted to the first hospital of Nippon Medical School. At the age of 32, she was operated on for the removal of a well encapsulated non-invasive thymoma. Since then, she had been well till the age of 46, when chest X-ray films showed a recurrent thymoma which was excised together with the complete thymic tissues. One year later, she developed myasthenia gravis (MG) with a ptotic right upper eyelid and general fatigue. Subsequently, she was placed on medication. After 21 months, however, she died of myasthenic crisis in spite of vigorous respiratory and nutritional support. The autopsy revealed a small residual thymoma on the left lung, and systemic atrophy of the skeletal muscles. In this paper, the mechanism of post-thymectomy MG and the recurrence of non-invasive thymoma are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[A case of an elderly SLE patient associated with acute renal failure].

It has been described that a rapid worsening in renal function is uncommon in the elderly patient with lupus nephritis. We report a case of a 76-year-old man with rapidly progressive lupus nephritis. On admission, laboratory studies revealed massive proteinuria, telescoped urine, thrombocytopenia and azotemia. Hypocomplementemia and the positive presence of anti-DNA antibody and lupus anticoagulant were also noted. Because of a rapid deterioration of renal function, he was started on a regimen of steroid pulse therapy and plasmapheresis. Serum levels of complements gradually increased after initiation of these treatments, and three weeks later, improvements of renal function and nephrotic syndrome were obtained. A renal biopsy specimen taken five months after admission showed diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis. In addition, we examined renal arterial blood flow with Doppler ultrasound, and significant improvements of the velocity and pulsatility were observed during recovery of the renal function.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1993

[A case of subtotal esophagectomy for esophageal basaloid carcinoma after mitral valve replacement].

We reported a rare case of subtotal esophagectomy for esophageal basaloid carcinoma after mitral valve replacement. Up to present, only this case had been printed in Japan. A 51-year-old male who had been performed MVR for mitral stenosis at the 44 complained of dysphagia. On esophageal X-ray and esophagoscopic findings showed round, irregular, and stenotic lesion (type-3) in the middle thoracic esophagus. We performed subtotal esophagectomy, esophagogastrostomy through the posterior mediastinal pathway and lymph node dissection (R2). Despite normal cardiac function before operation, the patient followed lung edema and perioperative measurement of Extra Vascular Lung Water Index (EVLWI) was stable within high level. On microscopic inspection, we revealed lots of basophilic basal cells mainly occupied submucosal layer coexisted with pseudoglandular formation and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. And the tumor cells strongly invaded into the lymph ducts and blood vessels. We need more detailed exploration for more cases about factors causing poor prognosis.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1993

[A case of simultaneous association of an early esophageal carcinoma and an early gastric carcinoma with radical operation].

We encountered a case of simultaneous association of an intraepithelial esophageal carcinoma and an intramucosal gastric carcinoma with radical operation. Up to present, only four cases including this report had been printed in Japan. A 67-year-old with chronic cholecystitis was pointed out the esophageal lesion (O-IIa) in the Im area by FGS after it had demonstrated the gastric lesion (early I) at the posterior wall of the prepyrolus. We performed subtotal esophagectomy, total gastrectomy, pyroloplasty with esophagoileostomy through the retrosternal tunnel and lymph nodes dissection (R2). On gross inspection, there was no obvious lesion in the esophagus. Microscopic examination revealed no invasion of cancerous cells to lymph nodes, lymph ducts, and vessels. The patient followed post operative respiratory disorders which not lung edema but atelectasis caused because perioperative measurement of Extra Vascular Lung Water Index (EVLWI) was stable within normal values.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Malfunction of mitral and tricuspid Ionescu-Shiley pericardial xenografts].

We report a case of the malfunction of Ionescu-Shiley pericardial xenografts (ISPX) in the mitral and tricuspid positions at 6 years after implantation. The patient underwent an emergency operation successfully despite his high age (75 years) and extremely poor preoperative condition. The valve extracted from the mitral position showed spontaneous disruption of the leaflet, while the tricuspid valve graft was entangled with the preserved native septal leaflet around the stents. This former complication is now widely recognized, but the latter one appears to be rare. Care should be taken in replacing the atrioventricular valve with a bioprosthesis when the native valve leaflets are not removed. Although the ISPX is no longer in clinical use, careful follow-up is mandatory in patients with this prosthesis especially when it was implanted in the mitral position.

Aged↗