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Biomedical subjects

T Shinohara

Publications and source records attributed to T Shinohara.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Congenital hemihypertrophy: oncogenic potential of the hypertrophic side.

Congenital hemihypertrophy is a rare condition, occasionally associated with neoplasms on the affected side of the body. Investigation of three cases disclosed increased growth rate of cultured skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts and high skin temperature on the hypertrophic side. These observations suggest the oncogenic potential of the affected side in the condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Detection of liver IgG Fc receptors using soluble immune complexes of peroxidase-antiperoxidase. I. Detection in liver tissue from patients with liver diseases.

The presence of liver IgG Fc receptor sites was demonstrated in the liver tissue from 23 patients with liver diseases and 2 patients without liver lesions by the localization of soluble immune complexes of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP). Cryostat sections of liver tissues were incubated with the complexes and the peroxidase activity was revealed histochemically. In the normal liver tissue, PAP were localized on the liver cell membrane, the Kupffer cells, and some of the sinusoidal walls. In acute hepatitis, a strongly positive reaction on swollen Kupffer cells was remarkable but positive reaction on the liver cell membrane was very weak. In chronic aggressive hepatitis, PAP were strongly positive on multiplied Kupffer cells and many PAP-positive infiltrated cells were observed at the area of piecemeal necrosis. However, the positive reaction on the liver cell membrane in patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis was generally fainter than in the normal cases without liver diseases. These results correlated well with the severity of liver cell necrosis. In chronic persistent hepatitis, the number of PAP-positive infiltrated cells in the portal area and positive Kupffer cells were fewer than in chronic aggressive hepatitis. Similar results were obtained with liver cirrhosis, and in particular, the liver cell membrane with regenerative nodules gave a positive reaction. A negative result was obtained by incubation with PAP-F(ab')2 alone. PAP reaction was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with aggregated human IgG, trypsin, and pronase but not with neuraminidase.

Hepatitis↗
PubMed1981

Detection of liver IgG Fc receptors using soluble immune complexes of peroxidase-antiperoxidase. II. Detection in liver tissue from mice with D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis.

The presence of liver IgG Fc receptor sites was demonstrated in the liver tissue from C-57 black mice with D-Galactosamine (GalN)-induced hepatitis by the localization of soluble immune complexes of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP). Cryostat sections of liver tissues were incubated with the complexes and the peroxidase activity was revealed histochemically. In the normal liver tissue, PAP were localized on the Kupffer cells, some of the sinusoidal walls, and the liver cell membrane mainly at the side of the sinusoid. Twenty-four hours after single administration of GalN (1,500 mg/kg body weight), positive PAP reaction was mainly observed on the membrane surface of infiltrating cells in the area of hepatocellular focal necrosis, and faintly observed on the degenerative hepatic cell membrane and the sinusoidal walls. After 48 hours, these features became more remarkable, especially at the sites with severe necrotic lesions. After 72 hours, the positive reaction on the regenerative hepatic cell membranes again became distinct. At the chronic stage 13 weeks after repeated administrations of GalN and Freund's complete adjuvant, a strong positive reaction was found on swollen and multiplied Kupffer cells, and a faint one found on the liver cell membrane, especially at the periphery of the lobules; moreover, many PAP-positive infiltrated cells were found in the area of piecemeal necrosis. The relationship between liver IgG Fc receptors and the severity of liver cell necrosis is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Pathological study of chronic D-galactosamine induced hepatitis in mice by administration of adjuvants - an animal model of the chronic active hepatitis.

An animal model for human chronic active hepatitis was created in inbred C-57 Black mice using prolonged (13 weeks) administration of D-Galactosamine (GalN) and adjuvants. Intraperitoneal injections of GalN (1,500 mg/kg) were repeated once a week. Simultaneously, Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was given subcutaneously to limbs. These mice showed a progressive inflammatory response; piecemeal necrosis of the portal area with marked cellular infiltration developed by the 13th week. The figure of severe liver cell degeneration and necrosis as well as lobular distortion and increased fibrous tissue closely resembled those in human chronic active hepatitis. Only a mild inflammatory response occurred in the groups given GalN alone or GalN with Freund's incomplete adjuvant. All mice given GalN wit BCG developed massive hepatic necrosis and died by the 4th week. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody detection technique showed little correlation between the disease activity and the presence of anti-liver cell membrane antibody in any of the group at the 13th week. The importance of the host immune reaction was indicated in the development of chronic hepatitis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1981

Hemoglobin Miyashiro (beta 23[B5] val substituting for gly) an electrophoretically silent variant discovered by the isopropanol test.

A new unstable hemoglobin was discovered in a Japanese boy without any signs of hemolytic disease during screening of patients by the isopropanol test. The abnormal hemoglobin was found in three generations. This slightly unstable hemoglobin could not be separated from Hb A by electrophoresis. All carriers showed an increased whole blood oxygen affinity. Structural studies demonstrated a previously unreported amino acid substitution, beta 23[B5] valine substituting for glycine. This new unstable variant has been named Hb Miyashiro.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Persistence of crystallin messenger RNA's with reduced translation in hereditary cataracts in mice.

In vitro translation experiments showed that the lens fiber cells of two hereditary cataracts in mice (Nakano and Philly) possessed a full complement of crystallin messenger RNA's, despite severely reduced synthesis of crystallin in these cells. The reduction in synthesis in the lens fiber cells correlated with the increase in Na+ and the decrease in K+, which occurs during cataractogenesis. In contrast to the fiber cells, the epithelial cells continued to synthesize crystallins in the cataractous lenses. Crystallin synthesis was stimulated in the fiber cells by raising the K+ concentration and lowering the Na+ concentration in the cultured lenses. The reduction in crystallin synthesis in the initial stages of cataractogenesis in the Nakano and Philly lenses thus appears to be due to poor utilization of crystallin messenger RNA's in the fiber cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Detection and characterization of circulating immune complexes during acute exacerbation of chronic viral hepatitis.

For the detection and characterization of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in various liver diseases, a Clq binding test was used. Though the CIC level was almost normal in HB surface antigen (HBsAg) positive asymptomatic carriers, the level increased in patients with liver diseases. During acute exacerbation of chronic viral hepatitis, the CIC level reached peaks 1 to 3 weeks before and after the hepatic cell necrosis. Study of the sedimentation rates of CIC in various liver diseases showed CIC in the 19s-22s region and in the 7s-19s region. In acid buffer, CIC was dissociated into 5 to 6 components by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In one case of HBsAg positive severe chronic aggressive hepatitis, CIC was composed of HBsAg, IgG and another three or four undetermined components. During acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis, minor changes of these dissociation patterns of CIC were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Tissue immune complexes demonstrated in the liver of patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis using FITC-labelled human Clq.

Immune complexes in liver specimens from 10 patients with chronic liver diseases [2 with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 3 with chronic aggressive hepatitis (CAH) of moderate activity, 3 with CAH of severe activity, and 2 with liver cirrhosis] were examined by a technique of direct immunofluorescence using FITC-labelled human purified Clq (FITC-Clq). FITC-Clq bound to the nuclei of all cells in liver tissue. After DNase treatment, positive nuclei were absent, but positive staining with FITC-Clq remained in amorphous deposits and hepatic cell membranes in the areas of piecemeal necrosis of four CAH patients. Since FITC-Clq could not be demonstrated in the liver tissue of CPH and liver cirrhosis which contained no piecemeal necrosis, positive fluorescence in the liver of CAH patients was thought to indicate immune complexes bound to FITC-Clq. The fact that these positive substances, however, were few in number, may be the result of physiological mechanisms of immune clearance which rapidly eliminate immune complexes from the body.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗