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Biomedical subjects

T Shinohara

Publications and source records attributed to T Shinohara.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with a chromosome abnormality (46,XY,20q-) in all dividing myeloid cells: evidence for clonal origin in a multipotent stem cell common to granulocyte, monocyte, erythrocyte, and thrombocyte.

In a typical case of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), a chromosome abnormality, 46,XY,20q-, was observed in all the dividing cells including up to 16-ploid cells in the bone marrow and the blood. As the mitotic figures could be easily seen not only in myelomonocytoid cells but also in erythroblasts in the bone marrow smear, it was concluded that all the cell lineages except lymphocytes had the abnormality. The present case will support the view that the leukemic process in CMML affects a multipotent stem cell rather than a granulocyte-monocyte committed stem cell.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Transfer function through regional cerebral cortex evaluated by a photoelectric method.

A new technique is reported for obtaining the transfer function through the regional cerebral cortex. Tissue carbon-black (CB) dilution curves were recorded with a photoelectric apparatus used as a densitometer head in cat cortex in situ following intracarotid injection of 0.2 ml of 1/40 diluted CB solution. The linearity and stationarity of the vascular system, reproducibility of the curve, and recirculation were tested. The tissue CB dilution curve, a cumulative distribution function, was first differentiated yielding two curves comprising the inlet and outlet curves. The error due to "overlapping" was corrected for by extrapolation using the gamma-density function. The transfer function through the cortex was then calculated by numerical deconvolution of the inlet and outlet curves. The validity of the calculated transfer function was verified by comparison with that obtained from actual CB dilution curves recorded simultaneously from the pial artery and superior sagittal sinus. The transfer function was further subjected to moment analysis for determining the intraparenchymal circulatory parameters of the cerebral cortex. Some examples demonstrating the applicability of technique are given.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Angiocardiographic evaluation of ventricular septal defect--pre- and post-operative cardiac volume characteristics.

The characteristics of the left and the right heart volume in isolated ventricular septal defect were investigated in 62 patients before surgery and in 17 after corrective surgery, which was undergone at ages ranging from 0.5 to 13. Postoperative cardiac catheterization was performed one to two months after surgery. Preoperatively, the right atrial maximal volume increased in accordance with the pulmonary to systemic pressure ratio, and the left ventricular end-diastolic volume, the left atrial maximal volume and the right ventricular end-diastolic volume increased in accordance with the degree of the left-to-right shunt. These volumes decreased considerably after surgery, although they still remained above normal. The left ventricular mass also increased in accordance with the degree of the left-to-right shunt preoperatively and did not decrease postoperatively. The left and the right ventricular ejection fractions were close to or within normal limits preoperatively and remained so after surgery. On the basis of our results and the findings previously published in the literature, factors which may influence the postoperative cardiac function in ventricular septal defects were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical studies on cefoperazone in children].

Cefoperazone (CPZ), 50 approximately 200 mg/kg/day, divided into 3 to 4 times/day was drip-infused for 3-20 days to 52 patients (41 patients with acute respiratory tract infection, 6 with urinary tract infection, and 5 with sepsis and/or meningitis. The overall efficacy rate was 92.3%. No adverse reaction was noted. These results indicate the usefulness of CPZ in the treatment of bacterial infections in children.

Cefoperazone↗
PubMed1983

[Current status of surgical treatment of univentricular heart disease and complicated cardiac anomalies associated with asplenia and polysplenia syndrome].

Current status and problems in diagnosis and surgical treatment for complicated cardiac anomalies were assessed by analyzing surgical cases consisted of 32 univentricular heart cases, 27 asplenia syndrome cases, and 8 polysplenia cases. Univentricular heart cases consisted of 3 cases of type A, 8 cases of type B and 21 cases of type C. All of 7 cases performed corrective surgery were with bidirectional cross blood flow. Corrective surgery was performed on 7 cases including 6 cases of ventricular septation procedure with blood flow conversion and a case of modified Fontan procedure, and 2 were survived. Anatomical corrective surgery was performed for complicated cardiac anomalies on 4 cases with asplenia syndrome and 7 cases with polysplenia syndrome, and 2 and 6 cases were survived respectively. It was possible to perform functional corrective surgery on some cases who had difficulties for anatomical corrective surgery. For anatomical corrective surgery, it is preferable to use left ventricle as systemic ventricle. In splenic dysgenesis cases, main causes of late deaths were infection (asplenia syndrome) and complete A-V block (polysplenia syndrome) and it is necessary to clarify the immune mechanism and conduction system of the heart.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1982

Evolution and diversity of the crystallins. Nucleotide sequence of a beta-crystallin mRNA from the mouse lens.

We have determined the nucleotide sequence of a cloned beta-crystallin cDNA (pM beta Cr1) derived from the 5- to 10-day-old mouse lens and compared its deduced amino acid sequence with the amino acid sequences of the principal beta-crystallin polypeptide (beta Bp) (Driessen, H. P. C., Herbrink, P., Bloemendal, H., and de Jong, W. W. (1980) Exp. Eye Res. 31, 213-216) and a gamma-crystallin polypeptide (gamma II) (Croft, L. R. (1972) Biochem. J. 128, 961-970) of the bovine lens. A previous comparison indicated that bovine beta Bp and gamma II contain internally homologous sequences of amino acids and are evolutionarily related, suggesting an intragenic duplication of a common ancestral gene (Driessen, H. P. C., Herbrink, P., Bleomendal, H., and de Jong, W. W. (1980) Exp. Eye Res. 31, 213-216). When the amino acids were aligned, we calculated a 43% homology between the murine and bovine beta-crystallin polypeptides and a 22% homology between the murine beta-crystallin and bovine gamma-crystallin polypeptides. As for bovine beta Bp and gamma II, there is a striking homology between the amino and carboxyl halves of the murine beta-crystallin polypeptide. The internally homologous amino acids have been preferentially conserved among the three crystallin chains, a fact consistent with the possibility that these lens proteins arose from a common precursor gene that internally duplicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

alpha A-crystallin messenger RNA of the mouse lens: more noncoding than coding sequences.

The 14S messenger RNA (1300 to 1500 nucleotides) for the alpha A chain of alpha-crystallin of the mammalian lens is nearly three times larger than required to code for the polypeptide that contains 173 amino acids. As a means of accounting for this anomaly, a complementary DNA clone for the mouse alpha A-crystallin messenger RNA was constructed in pBR322 and sequenced. Derivation of the protein sequence from the nucleic acid sequence showed that mouse alpha A-crystallin is similar to that of other organisms. The messenger RNA contains 536 nucleotides located on the 3' side of the coding region, excluding the polyadenylate stretch. This 3' sequence does not encode any other crystallin and has multiple termination codons in the three possible reading frames.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1982

Congenital microangiopathic hemolytic anemia: report of a Japanese girl.

A 4-year-old Japanese girl had hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, distorted and fragmented red cells in the peripheral blood, and megakaryocytosis in the bone marrow from the newborn period. These features were temporarily relieved and prevented by the infusion of fresh frozen plasma from healthy donors. This would indicate a deficiency in the patient's plasma of factor(s) that inhibit platelet aggregation in the blood vessels. An attempt to demonstrate possible in vitro deficiency of the platelet aggregation-prohibiting factor in the patient's plasma was unsuccessful. Laboratory examinations ruled out red cell fragility, abnormalities of red cell enzymes, abnormal hemoglobins, or immune reaction as underlying mechanisms. Our patient, together with three other patients in the literature with similar clinical features, may constitute a clinical entity that could be called "congenital microangiopathic hemolytic anemia".

Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital↗
PubMed1982

Multiple gamma-crystallins of the mouse lens: fractionation of mRNAs by cDNA cloning.

cDNAs made from polyadenylylated RNAs of the mouse lens were cloned by the G.C tailing procedure in the bacterial plasmid pBR322. Four recombinant DNAs containing gamma-crystallin sequences were identified by hybrid selection and translation. Sequence analysis of the in vivo-labeled gamma-crystallin polypeptides that cofocused isoelectrically with the hybrid-selected translation products established that the four cloned cDNAs were derived from mRNAs encoding gamma-crystallin polypeptides with similar NH2 termini. The cDNA clones had different restriction maps and could discriminate among the different gamma-crystallin mRNAs under stringent hybridization conditions. Under relaxed hybridization conditions, the cDNA clones cross-hybridized with all gamma-crystallin mRNAs, and even slightly with beta-crystallin mRNAs, as judged by in vitro translation. RNA blot hybridization showed that the mouse lens gamma-crystallin mRNAs are 840 +/- 100 nucleotides long. These data indicate that there are at least four similar gamma-crystallin mRNAs and suggest (but do not establish) the existence of a closely related family of gamma-crystallin genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1982

Anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries--case reports and a review.

Anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries (ACM) is an extremely uncommon cardiac disease in which the great arteries arise from their appropriate ventricles despite abnormal spatial interrelations. Two patients with this malformation underwent successful surgical intervention for their associated anomalies. One was of situs solitus, d-loop and l-malposition and the other of situs inversus, l-loop and d-malposition of the great arteries. Fifty-three cases with accurate anatomical description were collected from the literature, and anatomical characteristics and associated anomalies were investigated. From the standpoint of anatomy and hemodynamics, we considered that ACM should be classified into atrioventricular concordant ACM, atrioventricular discordant ACM and ACM with situs ambiguus. Heart position and conus were variable. Dextrocardia and mesocardia were frequent. Bilateral conus was characteristic in concordant ACM, and subpulmonary conus was prominent in discordant ACM. The hypoplasia of the right heart and juxtaposition of the atrial appendages were in high incidence in cases of ACM. Surgical intervention was also discussed.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1982

Surgical results and factors affecting operative mortality in total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.

Factors affecting the surgical results of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage were evaluated in 17 patients in an attempt to establish an appropriate plan of management. The mortality rate correlated with age, size of interatrial communication, arterial oxygen saturation and left heart volume but not with pulmonary to systemic systolic pressure ratio, vascular resistance ratio and right ventricular volume. In cases where the symptoms appeared early in life, left heart volume was small and clinical features were severe. Four children with a left ventricular end-diastolic volume of less than 65% of normal died of low cardiac output syndrome. In those with an unusually small left heart, enlargement of the left atrium and/or delayed ligation of the anomalous vertical vein were considered more favorable. Left atrial and ventricular volumes were restored to normal after the surgery.

Age Factors↗