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Biomedical subjects

T Shinoda

Publications and source records attributed to T Shinoda.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis in a female patient with defect of the uterus and hypoplasia of the vagina: a case report].

A 17-year-old woman consulted our clinic with the complaint of gross hematuria and lower abdominal pain. Blood examination showed severe anemia and renal failure. Emergent hemodialysis and blood transfusion were performed. CT scanning revealed left retroperitoneal hematoma, right severe hydronephrosis and loss of uterus shadow. Under diagnosis of left renal rupture, left nephrectomy and removal of retroperitoneal hematoma were performed. The area of rupture in the left renal pelvis was identified on its posterior wall. Postoperatively renal function did not improve and periodic hemodialysis has been done.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A monoclonal antibody Hy20-54-16-3L to lambda (lambda) light chain of human immunoglobulin reacts with amyloid in Alzheimer's disease brain.

We have previously described a monoclonal antibody Hy20-54-16-3L raised against crude primary (AL) amyloid fibrils that preferentially labelled amyloid deposits in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Ishii et al., Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol., 12 (1986) 441-445). In the present study, we analyzed the protein from an AL-amyloid laden spleen by gel filtration and SDS-PAGE; a partial amino acid sequence of the Hy20-54-16-3L-immunoreactive band excised from Western blots was determined and found to be a lambda light chain of human immunoglobulins. Additionally we have confirmed that this monoclonal antibody reacts with amyloid in AD brain by using a peroxidase-linked immunoelectron microscope technique. It is concluded that an epitope shared with a lambda light chain is included in or associated with amyloid deposits in the AD brain.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1990

Metabolism of 3-deoxyglucosone, an intermediate compound in the Maillard reaction, administered orally or intravenously to rats.

The Amadori rearrangement compound, the product in the early step of the Maillard reaction of proteins with glucose, is known to be degraded into 3-deoxyglucosone (3DG), a 2-oxoaldehyde. In order to elucidate the metabolic pathway of 3DG, [14C]3DG was synthesized from [14C]-glucose and administered to rats orally and intravenously. 2 h after oral administration of [14C]3DG, the percentages of radioactivity (RaI%) in stomach, small intestine and urine were 3.9, 60 and 6.4%, respectively, while RaI% in liver, kidney, spleen, blood and CO2 were less than 0.5%. The absorption rate of 3DG was obviously lower in comparison with that of glucose. 3 h after intravenous administration of [14C]3DG, the RaI% in urine was 72% and those in liver, kidney, spleen, blood and CO2 were less than 1%. It therefore appeared that the absorbed 3DG was not biologically utilized by the rats, but was rapidly excreted in the urine. Some metabolites of [14C]3DG were detected in urine by TLC-autoradiography. The main metabolite was purified and identified as 3-deoxyfructose by FD-MS and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, indicating that the aldehyde group of 3DG was reduced to an alcohol.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

[Experimental study relating to the anti-cancer effect of doxifluridine].

UNLABELLED: We investigated the anti-cancer effect of Doxifluridine (5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine: 5'-DFUR) on an experimentally prepared tumor bearing mouse. METHOD: A 20-methylcholanthrene induced squamous cell cancer was prepared on the skin of ddN female mouse and 5'-DFUR was administered orally by catheter (90 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, 210 mg/kg and physiological saline 0.5 ml/body). The each group consisted of 10 mice. Oral medications were performed once a day for one week (6 days continuous duration) and these medications were continued during a total period of four weeks. Once a week, the general condition of the animals was checked and at the same time, the size (length x width) of the tumor was measured, and the anti-cancer effect was determined. RESULT: It was noted between the control and 5'-DFUR medication group that there was a marked effectiveness on the rate of decrease in size and disappear of the squamous cell cancer according to the medication of 5'-DFUR. It regarded to the amount of 5'-DFUR, that there was a significant difference in the anti-cancer effect between 90 mg/kg and 210 mg/kg groups and between 150 mg/kg or 210 mg/kg and control groups. However, the difference could not be observed between 90 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg groups and between 150 mg/kg and 210 mg/kg groups.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Inhibitory effects of chlorogenic acid, reserpine, polyprenoic acid (E-5166), or coffee on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats and hamsters.

Four different experiments were performed in order to examine the modifying effects of chlorogenic acid (CA), reserpine, polyprenoic acid (E-5166), and coffee on chemical carcinogenesis in rats or hamsters. Experiment 1: The numbers of hyperplastic liver cell foci and the incidence of colon tumors in male and female Syrian golden hamsters given a single intravenous injection of methylazoxymethanol (MAM) acetate and then fed the diet containing 0.025% CA for 24 wk were significantly lower than those of hamsters given MAM acetate alone. Experiment 2: The incidence of altered hepatocellular foci in female ACI/N rats given N-2-fluorenylacetamide (FAA, 0.02% in diet) for 10 wk and reserpine (weekly subcutaneous injections, 1 microgram/g body weight) during or after (17 wk) FAA exposure was significantly lower than that of rats given FAA alone. Experiment 3: The number of hepatocellular foci in male ACI/N rats given 0.02% FAA diet for 13 wk and E-5166 by gavage (40 mg/kg body weight, 3 times/wk) for 16 wk after the end of FAA exposure was significantly smaller than that in rats given FAA diet alone. Experiment 4: Incidences of liver tumors and hepatocellular foci of rats given concurrent dietary administration of aminopyrine (0.01%) and sodium nitrite (0.1%) and coffee solution as a drinking water for 630 da were significantly lower than those of rats given aminopyrine and sodium nitrite. Thus, the tested compounds had inhibitory effects on chemical carcinogenesis in liver or colon.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical analysis of inflammatory infiltrates around the injection site of a streptococcal preparation, OK-432, in rat tongue.

On the assumption that neutrophils around the injection site of OK-432, a heat- and penicillin-treated lyophilized preparation of the Su strain of Streptococcus pyogenes, enhance immunologic response through the production of Interleukin-1 (IL-1), OK-432 was injected into rat tongue, and specimens from the tongue were immunohistochemically investigated at various intervals after the injection, to clarify the process of inflammatory and immune responses at the injection site. Neutrophils and mononuclear cells appeared around the OK-432 injection site after 1 hour, increased to their maximum level at 24 hours, and then decreased from the 3rd to the 7th day. IL-1 was detected on neutrophils 3 hours after the injection, and OX-08-positive cells (suppressor/cytotoxic T cells and the majority of natural killer cells) remarkably increased. OX-39-positive cells (IL-2 receptor) appeared after 12 hours. These results suggest that neutrophils around the injection site of OK-432 at early phases of inflammation play a role in the expression of BRM function through IL-1.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1990

Serotype-related antigen of Trichosporon cutaneum in the induction of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis: correlation between serotype of inhalation challenge-positive antigen and that of the isolates from patients' homes.

Inhalation challenge with the culture filtrate-antigens prepared from two strains of different serotype of Trichosporon cutaneum (TIMM 1573, serotype I; TIMM 1318, serotype II) was performed on patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis and asymptomatic seropositive family members. Of the 17 patients, 12 were strongly positive, four were mildly so, and one was negative. Interestingly, of the 16 inhalation challenge-positive patients, four reacted to both serotypes I and II, five to serotype I only, and seven to serotype II only. There was a good correlation between the serotype inhalation challenge-positive antigen and that of T. cutaneum isolated from the homes of two patients' homes. A strain of T. cutaneum demonstrating a new serotype was isolated from the homes of two patients, one of whom was negative to both serotypes I and II. Specific antibody activity, lymphocyte proliferative response, and skin reaction to the antigens were also positive, but these findings were not useful to discriminate the inhalation challenge-positive from the inhalation challenge-negative antigen. Neither of the two asymptomatic family members responded. These results indicate that inhalation challenge in patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis is provoked by the serotype-related antigen of T. cutaneum, reflecting the sensitization of these patients in their homes.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1990

Reassessment of antigenic determinant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae serotype Ia.

We examined the immunochemical structure of the antigenic determinant of S. cerevisiae serotype Ia. The specific factor serum for S. cerevisiae serotype Ia was obtained either from factor 18 serum by adsorption with heat-killed cells of Candida glabrata, or from anti-S. cerevisiae Ia (M 6001) serum by adsorption with heat-killed cells of S. cerevisiae Ib (IFO 0751). We designated this adsorbed serum as factor 18a. Acetolysis of S. cerevisiae cell wall D-mannan gave five oligosaccharides. Signals of 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of mannooligosaccharides derived from S. cerevisiae mannan were assigned for their linkages by the aid of those of alpha-1,3'-linked mannooligosaccharides derived from glucuronoxylomannan of capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A-D. Agglutination-inhibition experiments revealed that the mannopentaose from S. cerevisiae mannan was the most effective inhibitor. Moreover, inhibitory activities of alpha-1,3'-linked mannotriose, mannotetraose, and mannopentaose which were derived from glucuronoxylomannan of C. neoformans were shown to be higher than those of mannotetraose with one terminal alpha-(1-3) linkage from homologous S. cerevisiae mannan. These results indicate that mannopentaose with terminal two alpha-(1-3) linkages is responsible for the specificity of S. cerevisiae Ia.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1990

Usefulness of thrombelastography for dosage monitoring of low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin during hemodialysis.

Low molecular weight heparin (LMH) acts as an anticoagulation agent mainly through its anti-activated coagulation factor X (Xa) activity. Thrombelastography (TEG) is expected to be useful to monitor the dosage of LMH during hemodialysis because reaction time on TEG (TEG-r) is considered to reflect blood thromboplastin formation time, which depends on the formation of Xa. To test this possibility, we compared the usefulness of TEG, activated coagulation time (ACT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and anti-Xa activity in 28 hemodialysis patients using both conventional unfractionated heparin (UFH) and LMH on separate dialysis procedures. Anti-Xa activity of LMH was comparable to that of UFH when it was measured using both LMH and UFH as standards. Anti-Xa activity, which theoretically depended on the heparin concentration in blood samples, did not correlate with the degree of dialyzer clotting. The APTT correlated well with anti-Xa activity in patients using LMH (r = 0.686, p less than 0.01) and UFH (r = 0.906, p less than 0.01), but not with the degree of dialyzer clotting. The TEG-r correlated well with the degree of dialyzer clotting both in patients using LMH and those using UFH (measurements of samples obtained from the venous side of the extracorporeal circuit) and weakly correlated with anti-Xa activity in patients using LMH (r = 0.402, p less than 0.05). The ACT did not correlate with the degree of dialyzer clotting or anti-Xa activity. These results suggest that TEG-r reflects the efficacy of heparin in the extra-corporeal blood circuit, whereas APTT mainly reflects heparin concentration of the blood samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Factor Xa Inhibitors↗
PubMed1990

Stimulation of porcine thyroid cell alkalinization and growth by EGF, phorbol ester, and diacylglycerol.

We studied the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF), 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol (OAG) on cytoplasmic pH (pHi) and cell growth in cultured porcine thyroid cells. pHi was measured using 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl-5,6-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF), an internalized fluorescent pH indicator. EGF, TPA, and OAG alkalinized the thyroid cells and stimulated their growth. These EGF-, TPA-, and OAG-stimulated cell alkalinization and growth depended on extracellular Na concentrations and were inhibited by amiloride, an inhibitor of Na(+)-H+ exchanger, indicating that EGF-, TPA-, and OAG-stimulated cell alkalinization and growth may occur through activation of Na(+)-H+ exchange. Alkalinization seems to be involved in thyroid cell growth. TPA (a tumor-promoting phorbol ester) and OAG (synthetic diacylglycerol), both potent activators of protein kinase C, imitate the action of EGF in rapidly elevating pHi and stimulating cell growth in thyroid cells. Trifluoperazine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, inhibited EGF-, TPA-, and OAG-stimulated cell alkalinization and growth. The data suggest that activation of protein kinase C may be involved in the mechanism of EGF-stimulated cell alkalinization and growth of the thyroid cells.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1990

Polycystic kidney of autosomal dominant inheritance, polycystic liver and congenital hepatic fibrosis in a single kindred.

A family with clear evidence of concomitant congenital hepatic fibrosis, polycystic liver and adult-type polycystic kidney is reported. The autosomal dominant inheritance of polycystic kidney in association with either liver cyst or hepatic fibrosis in this family suggests that various combinations of hepatic and renal fibrocystic lesions are possible to occur. Additionally, in the proband a very rare association of congenital hepatic fibrosis and cerebral aneurysm was present.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The mode of antifungal action of (S)2-amino-4-oxo-5-hydroxypentanoic acid, RI-331.

An antifungal amino acid antibiotic, (S)2-amino-4-oxo-5-hydroxypentanoic acid (RI-331) isolated from Streptomyces sp., inhibited the biosynthesis of protein to a greater extent than that of RNA or DNA in growing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Polypeptide biosynthesis in a cell-free system from the yeast was refractory to the antibiotic, suggesting the possibility that the biosynthesis of one or more amino acids might be inhibited. Intracellular amino acid pools, particularly those of methionine, isoleucine and threonine were significantly reduced when yeast cells were incubated in the presence of RI-331. Consistent with this, the growth-inhibitory activity of RI-331 was markedly reversed by the addition of these amino acids into the growth medium, and an even greater effect was exerted by homoserine which works as a common metabolic precursor for these amino acids in yeasts. It looks likely therefore that the inhibition of biosyntheses of some or all of these amino acids by RI-331 is primarily responsible for overall inhibition of protein biosynthesis in yeasts, ultimately leading to cytostasis. This possible mechanism of RI-331 action appears to explain favorably the selective toxicity of the antibiotic against yeasts, since mammalians lack enzymatic systems for synthesizing methionine, isoleucine and threonine which are required as essential amino acids for growth.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

Preparation and duplex-to-single strand transition of the fully complementary duplex of d(G4).d(C4) in aqueous solution.

The d(G4) and d(C4) molecules in the single stranded state were synthesized by the phosphotriester method and purified. The full duplex of tetramer d(G4).d(C4) was prepared by expending about a month. The duplex-to-single strand transition was observed by UV-spectroscopy. A standard hypochromic effect was observed, which is different from some experimental results reported previously.

DNA, Single-Stranded↗
PubMed1990

Elevated plasma atrial natriuretic peptide level in the early phase of microalbuminuria in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels were examined in 66 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and in 9 age-matched normal controls and 18 hypertensive controls. The diabetic patients were classified into three groups according to random urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR, mg/g or mg/88.4 nM); group 1 (normo-albuminuria, ACR less than 20, n = 34), group 2 (borderline microcalbuminuria, 20 less than or equal to ACR less than 100, n = 17) and group 3 (manifest microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria, 100 less than or equal to ACR less than 2000, n = 15). Plasma ANP levels (pg per ml) were significantly elevated in group 2 (46.0 +/- 19.0 SD) when compared with either normal controls (23.8 +/- 14.2), group 1 (28.9 +/- 15.6) or group 3 (26.0 +/- 12.9). This increase in plasma ANP levels was not related to hypertension. Furthermore, plasma ANP levels correlated positively with log(ACR) among the patients with ACR under 100 (groups 1 and 2 combined, r = 0.4701, p less than 0.01). These results suggest that an elevated plasma ANP level in the early phase of microalbuminuria possibly plays a pathophysiological role in the development of nephropathy in NIDDM patients.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1990

Dipyridamole reduces urinary albumin excretion in diabetic patients with normo- or microalbuminuria.

The effect of 150 mg/day dipyridamole p.o. on urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was studied in 48 patients with diabetes mellitus without clinically discernible nephropathy. In 42 patients who were followed at an outpatient clinic, albumin/creatinine ratio (Ualb/Ucreat: mg/mmol) of untimed urine obtained from the same subjects repetitively was employed as an index of UAE. In 6 hospitalized patients, albumin excretion rate (AER) (micrograms/min) of 24-h-collected urine was determined. When followed without dipyridamole for 10.8 (the mean) months (N = 27, outpatients), the mean Ualb/Ucreat increased from 8.1 to 20.5. Of these, 11 patients with Ualb/Ucreat greater than 1.0 at the end of the observation period subsequently received dipyridamole for 4.2 months, and the ratio decreased from 49.0 to 7.3. When treated with dipyridamole for 9.0 months without a pre-treatment observation period (N = 15, outpatients), the ratio decreased from 9.8 to 5.6. AER of hospitalized patients who received dipyridamole for 10.0 days reduced from 68.0 to 21.9. All of these changes were statistically significant. Urinary beta 2 MG, blood pressure, serum creatinine and glycemic control were unaffected by the dipyridamole treatment. We conclude that dipyridamole reduces UAE in diabetic patients with subclinical level of albuminuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, plasma renin activity and aldosterone during treatment of hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease.

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone were consecutively measured during methimazole treatment in patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease. ANP values of untreated hyperthyroid patients varied greatly from patient to patient, but decreased progressively with a decrease of serum thyroid hormone concentration during methimazole treatment. PRA was elevated in hyperthyroid patients but less aldosterone was secreted as evidenced by lower aldosterone/PRA ratio in these patients than in normal subjects and in hypertensive patients treated with thiazide. In addition, aldosterone/PRA ratio increased progressively with a decrease of ANP during methimazole treatment. The data indicated that ANP secretion was increased and ANP thus secreted depressed aldosterone secretion in hyperthyroid patients. Propranolol depressed pulse rate but failed to affect ANP secretion. It is suggested that thyroid hormone specifically acts on myocytes to stimulate ANP secretion but physiologic significance of such increased ANP secretion remains to be solved.

Adolescent↗