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Biomedical subjects

T Shinkai

Publications and source records attributed to T Shinkai.

177 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II) CDDP in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer].

The effect of CDDP was evaluated in 44 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (squamous cell ca. 11 cases, adeno-large cell ca. 33 cases). Administered dosage of CDDP was in the range of 60-100 mg/m2 (60 mg/m2, 80 mg/m2, 100 mg/m2 per individual). 23 cases were treated with CDDP chemotherapy alone while the other 21 cases were combined with Vindesine (VDS). Three cases out of 18 receiving the CDDP monochemotherapy achieved partial response and the response rate was 16.7%. Six cases out of 15 receiving the CDDP + VDS cases achieved partial response and the response rate was 40.0%. Because of slow shrinkage of the lesion as revealed by chest X-ray film, evaluation of CDDP efficacy could only be done after two administrations at 3-4 week intervals. Values of serum creatine and BUN were transiently elevated with a dose-dependent tendency in the monochemotherapy cases. In combination chemotherapy cases bone marrow toxicity was the main dose-limiting factor. This regimen was tolerable and it was concluded that CDDP is a useful agent for combination chemotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Sister chromatid exchanges induced in human lymphocytes by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II).

Sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) frequency in cultured lymphocytes from seven patients with lung cancer receiving cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (Pt(II] for chemotherapy was studied. Significantly increased SCE frequency was observed in all the patients, six of whom received intravenous infusion of Pt(II) and one of whom received the agent as an intrapleural infusion. In addition, a dose-dependent increase in the frequency of SCE was observed in lymphocytes from healthy subjects upon exposure to Pt(II) in vitro. The results of the present study revealed that Pt(II) is a potent inducer of SCE in human lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro. It thus appears that follow-up study of the long-term survivors who have been treated with this agent for cancer is necessary because of the possible occurrence of secondary neoplasms.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of 7-N-(P-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C (KW-2083) against pleuritis carcinomatosa].

Fourteen cases of adenocarcinoma with pleuritis carcinomatosa (lung cancer 10 cases, ovarian cancer 2 cases, colon cancer 2 cases) were treated with intra-pleural instillation of 7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C (KW-2083), a derivative of mitomycin C. KW-2083 was administered at a dose of 40 mg once or twice weekly. In 14 evaluable patients, the rate of decrease of pleural fluid was 79%, and that of disappearance of tumor cells in pleural fluid was 64%. Median survival time (MST) from the beginning of treatment in all cases was 163 days. The toxicities of intrapleural instillation of KW-2083 were chest pain (86%), transient fever (64%), anorexia (64%), fatigability (29%), nausea (21%), vomiting (21%) and thrombocytopenia (nadir: 3.5 X 10(4)/mm3; 7%). Serum and pleural fluid KW-2083 concentrations have been measured in 3 patients after intrapleural administration of KW-2083. The mean half life of KW-2083 in serum and pleural fluid was 74 min (69-78 min) and 56 min (33-70 min), respectively. The peak serum KW-2083 concentration was 0.18 microgram/ml (0.06-0.24 microgram/ml).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Effect of peplomycin plus carbazilquinone and mitomycin on non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.

The effects of two chemotherapeutic regimens, peplomycin (PLM) plus carbazilquinone and PLM plus mitomycin, on non-small cell carcinoma of the lung were evaluated by a randomized controlled trial. Seven partial responses were observed in 53 evaluable patients, for an overall response rate of 13.2%. There was no difference in response rate or in median survival time between PLM plus carbazilquinone (11.5% and 32 weeks) and PLM plus mitomycin (14.8% and 25 weeks). Seven patients developed interstitial pneumonitis, and four died of pulmonary fibrosis. It was concluded that the chemotherapeutic regimens that include PLM are only marginally effective against non-small cell carcinoma of the lung, with relatively frequent pulmonary fibrosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Pulmonary toxicity induced by pepleomycin 3-[(S)-1'-phenylethylamino] propylamino-bleomycin.

Chemotherapy regimens containing pepleomycin, a derivative of bleomycin, were used for 81 patients with advanced primary lung cancer and 32 patients with metastatic pulmonary tumors. Among the patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung, partial responses were observed in three of 27 patients treated with pepleomycin + carbazilquinone and four of 26 patients treated with pepleomycin + mitomycin C (published in Cancer Treatment Reports, 1983). Five partial responses (primary organ: larynx, esophagus, lung, pancreas and uterus; one patient each) in 23 evaluable patients with metastatic pulmonary tumors were observed during treatment, for an overall response rate of 21.7%. In patients with primary lung cancer, no correlation between the incidence of the decrease in partial arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) during treatment and age was observed. Decrease in PaO2 during treatment was found more frequently in patients with abnormal pulmonary function before treatment than in patients with normal pulmonary function, but the mean lowest values of PaO2 in the two groups were the same. Intravenous weekly injection of pepleomycin is less likely to result in a decrease in PaO2 than two daily intramuscular injections. Definite pulmonary toxicity occurred in seven of the 113 patients (6.2%). Each of the seven received a total dose of over 60 mg and their ages were over 60 yr, although no correlation between the incidence of pulmonary fibrosis and total cumulative dose of pepleomycin was observed. Six of the seven patients died of pulmonary fibrosis in spite of prednisone treatment. Clinical, radiologic and histopathologic findings associated with pepleomycin were the same as those of bleomycin pulmonary toxicity. Further studies are needed to determine the appropriate dose schedule and route of administration of pepleomycin with regard to its benefit and toxicity.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

[The maternal and fetal acid-base status during general or spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section in the left tilt position].

Thirty one healthy parturients received spinal or general anesthesia for elective cesarean section. Maternal blood pressures, maternal and fetal acid-base values, induction to delivery intervals (I-DI) and Apgar scores were determined. On spinal anesthesia, acute hydration by 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution and intramuscular injection of ephedrine were enforced prior to the block and in the left tilt position (17 degrees) oxygen inhalation immediately after the block was begun (group OII: 16 cases). As to general anesthesia, the same left tilt position was applied before the anesthesia by thiopental-0.5% halothane with-50% nitrous oxide in oxygen (group G: 15 cases). No significant decrease in maternal blood pressure was noticed, and maternal and the fetal acid-base status and Apgar scores were excellent in both groups. A positive correlation between umbilical venous pH values and 1 or 5 minutes Apgar scores was confirmed in group OII, and a negative correlation between 1 minute Apgar scores and I-DI was noticed in group G. Fetal acid-base values were not correlated with I-DI in either group, and it was postulated that placental or fetal circulation was sufficiently maintained. Biochemical status and clinical conditions in mothers and their infants are very favorable in well-conducted general or spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton against pleuritis carcinomatosa in adenocarcinoma of the lung].

Forty-one cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung with pleuritis carcinomatosa were randomly assigned to either chemotherapy alone or chemoimmunotherapy using Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton as immunopotentiator. In 34 evaluable patients, the rates of volume decrease and the disappearance of tumor cells in pleural effusion were higher in chemoimmunotherapy group than in chemotherapy alone group, and median survival times from the beginning of treatment in chemotherapy alone and chemoimmunotherapy groups were 189 and 266 days, respectively. The survival times in patients with stage III and P.S. 0+1+2 were better than those in patients with stage IV and P.S. 3, respectively. Transient fever and mild elevation of GPT and GOT were tolerated without any treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Phase II study of KW2083 [7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C] in patients with carcinoma of the lung and metastatic pulmonary tumor].

A phase II study of KW2083 [7-N-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-Mitomycin C], a derivative of Mitomycin C, was carried out in 20 patients with carcinoma of the lung and in 19 patients with metastatic pulmonary tumor. KW2083 was administered by single intravenous injection at a dose of 20-30 mg/m2 weekly or a single 70 mg/m2 dose. Patients treated with a dose of 20-30 mg/m2 should be given at least 3 doses for eligibility. Of 17 evaluable patients with carcinoma of the lung (11 adenocarcinomas, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 small cell carcinomas and 1 large cell carcinoma), two patients with adenocarcinoma showed a partial response (11.8%). Two patients who achieved PR had adenocarcinoma without prior therapy received KW2083 at a single dose of 70 mg/m2 Objective response rates were 18.2% for 11 patients with adenocarcinoma and 25% for 8 patients with adenocarcinoma treated with a single dose of 70 mg/m2 of 15 evaluable patients with metastatic pulmonary tumor, no patients showed any objective responses. The hematologic toxicities were thrombocytopenia (less than 5 X 10(4)/mm3, 41.6%) and leukocytopenia (less than 2000/mm3, 28.1%); it was observed in 19% of the patients, that thrombocytopenia continued for more than 6 weeks after stopping therapy. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia (81%), nausea (66%) and vomiting (16%) were severe in patients treated with a single dose of 70 mg/m2. Fever in 19%, alopecia in 13%, phlebitis in 9%, eruption in 6%, stomatitis in 6% and liver insufficiency in 13% were also observed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Effect of chemotherapy on natural-killer activity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in carcinoma of the lung.

The effect of chemotherapy on natural killer (NK) activity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in 15 advanced carcinomas of the lung was examined with regard to the drug, dose, route and timing of administration. The relationship between the effect of chemotherapy on the prognosis for the patients, and the changes in NK activity and ADCC, was also analysed. The NK activity and ADCC in patients with poor prognosis were significantly subnormal, even before treatment. The NK activity and ADCC began to decrease 2 weeks after the initiation of treatment and reached the lowest level during the 3rd or 4th week in all patients. Thereafter, they returned to the pretreatment level in 8 patients with stabilized disease. In contrast, they were not restored in 7 patients with progressive disease and poor prognosis. In 4 patients it was found that the effect of chemotherapy with pepleomycin and carbazilquinone on NK activity and ADCC differed according to the drug used. From this pilot study it is suggested that NK activity and ADCC are valuable prognostic factors in patients with advanced carcinoma of the lung, and that detailed analysis of the effect of each anticancer agent on NK activity and ADCC is desirable for the establishment of better treatment regimens for advanced carcinoma of the lung.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Phase II study of vindesine in patients with carcinoma of the lung and metastatic pulmonary tumor].

A phase II study of Vindesine (VDS) was carried out in 20 patients with carcinoma of the lung (14 adenocarcinomas, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 large cell carcinomas and 1 small cell carcinoma), and in 18 patients with metastatic pulmonary tumor (primary organ: 4 colons, 2 uteri, 2 lungs, one each tongue, pharynx, maxillary sinus, esophagus, mediastinum, bile duct, pancreas, kidney, rectum and sarcoma). VDS was given weekly by i. v. push at a dose of 3 mg/m2. Patients should be given at least three times of VDS for eligibility. Of 18 evaluable patients with carcinoma of the lung, 3 patients with adenocarcinoma showed a partial response. Response rates were 17% for patients with carcinoma of the lung, and 25% for 12 patients with adenocarcinoma. Two responders (uterine cervical carcinoma and mediastinal embryonal carcinoma) were observed in 14 evaluable patients with metastatic pulmonary tumor. In addition, one patient with metastatic maxillary sinus tumor showed a minor response. Major hematologic toxicities of VDS were leukopenia (less than 4000 cells/mm3--92%, less than 2000 cells/mm3--28%), anemia (less than 10.0 g/dl, 38%) and thrombocytopenia (less than 10 X 10(4) cells/mm3, 11%). Major non-hematologic toxicities were numbness (24%), constipation (11%), anorexia (21%), fever (16%) and liver dysfunction (21%). The dose limiting factor of VDS was leukopenia.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical studies on prevention of spinal hypotension and aortocaval compression during elective cesarean section (author's transl)].

Maternal blood pressures, maternal and fetal blood-gas values, induction delivery intervals (I-D intervals) and Apgar scores were determined in 60 cases of elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. The procedures were as follows: In the right lateral position on an operating table, the intravenous drip infusion of 6 per cent hydroxyethyl starch solution (12 ml/kg) for 30 minutes prior to spinal anesthesia and the intramuscular injection of ephedrine (0.5 mg/kg) 15 minutes before spinal anesthesia were performed. Immediately after the anesthesia, on the left semilateral position the operation was started (group S). The same studies as group S were made in cases of no reduced blood pressure without ephedrine (group E), and cases of combined use of oxygen inhalation (group O and OII). No significant reduction of blood pressure was noted in group S and O. Fetal acid-base status and Apgar scores were favorable and had no correlation with I-D intervals in any groups. It is suggested that the uteroplacental circulation in group O and E was maintained more or less smoothly than that in group S. Oxygen inhalation led to a significant increase in fetal PO2 and the improvement of 5 minutes Apgar score. On performing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, it may be advisable to take the procedures of group OII (Oxygen flow: 31/min., through a nasal cannula) and to make mother respire closing their mouths.

Acid-Base Imbalance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A phase I/II trial of cisplatin, docetaxel and ifosfamide in advanced or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer.

This trial was initiated to evaluate the toxicity and activity of combination chemotherapy employing cisplatin (CDDP), docetaxel (DCT) and ifosfamide (IFX) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of IFX. Chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC received 60 mg/m(2) DCT followed after a 3-h interval by 60 mg/m(2) CDDP on chemotherapy day 1, and IFX at an escalating dose with mesna protection on days 2-4. The chemotherapy was repeated every 3 weeks. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) was administered in the event of grade 3 leukopenia/neutropenia. The patients tolerated the treatment well up to level 4 of IFX dosing 1.5 g/day, but not the IFX dose at level 6 (2.0 g/day). Additional patients were enrolled in level 5 (IFX 1.7 g/day) to evaluate the toxicity of the drugs around the MTD. Level 5 was also judged as having exceeded the MTD, with febrile neutropenia and hepatic toxicity being observed as the dose-limiting toxicities. No toxicity-related deaths occurred. The majority of the chemotherapy courses were supported by GCSF administration. A total of 33 eligible patients were entered into the trial; the overall response rate was 10/33 or 30% among all eligible cases, and the rate for patients treated with the MTD or higher (levels 4-6) was 8/24, or 33% (90% confidence limit: 18-52%). The MTD of IFX was 1.5 g/m(2) administered for 3 days in this triplet combination. The clinical activity does not seem to justify the toxicity profile.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Negative association between T102C polymorphism of the 5-HT2a receptor gene and schizophrenia in Japan.

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Previous studies suggested that the efficacy of atypical neuroleptic drugs (e.g., risperidone and clozapine) on negative symptoms may be related to the 5-HT2a receptor. Although association studies between MspI polymorphism (T102C) and the 5-HT2a receptor gene and schizophrenia have been reported, their results are still controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the association between T102C polymorphism of the 5-HT2a receptor gene and schizophrenia as well as the association between the polymorphism and negative symptoms in a Japanese population (106 patients with schizophrenia and 109 healthy controls). No significant positive associations were observed. Our results suggest that the 5-HT2a receptor gene is not involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia or negative symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronopharmacology of etoposide given by low dose prolonged infusion in lung cancer patients.

We examined the chronopharmacology of prolonged etoposide administration by intravenous infusion over 14 days in 9 patients with lung cancer. Blood samples were obtained every 4 hours between 24 hours and 48 hours after initiation of the infusion. Using the unpaired t-test, the percentage plasma etoposide concentration at 09:00 hours calculated from the 24 hour average value, was significantly higher than that at 21:00 hours (p = 0.024). However, neither ANOVA nor cosinor analysis revealed any significant effect of sampling time (ANOVA: p = 0.29, cosinor analysis: p = 0.46).

Adult↗