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T Shimoda

Publications and source records attributed to T Shimoda.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Growth patterns and genetic changes of colorectal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Recent Japanese studies have shown that histogenesis of small colorectal carcinomas can be divided into two groups: polypoid growth arising from polypoid neoplasia, and nonpolypoid growth arising from flat or depressed neoplasia. This classification should be verified with genetic as well as morphologic characteristics. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In order to classify our subject into polypoid growth and nonpolypoid growth types both histologically and endoscopically, we selected 42 colorectal carcinomas < 2 cm in size (35 submucosal and seven more advanced). Clinicopathological findings, presence or absence of Ki-ras gene mutation and overexpression of p53 protein were compared between the two types. RESULTS: Histologically, the cases were divided into 27 of the polypoid growth type and 15 of the nonpolypoid growth type. None of the nonpolypoid growth cases contained adenomatous remnant, wheras this was found in 75% of the polypoid growth cases. No Ki-ras mutation was observed in any of the nonpolypoid growth cases, although it appeared in 44% of the polypoid growth cases. Regarding the overexpression of p53 protein, no significant difference was observed between the two types. The histological and the colonoscopic polypoid growth-nonpolypoid growth classifications correlated well with each other (agreement rate 98%), except for one lesion, which was classified as polypoid growth type endoscopically but as nonpolypoid growth type histologically. CONCLUSIONS: The histologically defined polypoid growth-nonpolypoid growth classification may indicate a difference in pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis. Also, colonoscopic polypoid growth-nonpolypoid growth classification is available for preoperative estimation of the genetic characteristics of small carcinomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

Second primary rhabdomyosarcomas in patients with bilateral retinoblastoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

We reviewed six cases of rhabdomyosarcoma as a rare second primary malignancy in children with bilateral retinoblastoma after irradiation treatment. The patients comprised four females and two males (age range 1 year 4 months-7 years 11 months). Second tumors arose in the temporal muscle inside or close to the previously irradiated fields. All the children were alive and well 24-72 months after diagnosis. Microscopic examination showed proliferation of closely packed, small round cells with scanty cytoplasm, coarse nuclear chromatin, and increased mitotic activity without a myxoid background nor obvious alveolar architecture. The most characteristic feature was the presence of rosette-like structures in four tumors. Immunoreactivity for many skeletal muscle markers was evident, including desmin (six of six), muscle-specific actin (HHF35) (six of six), sarcomeric actin (six of six), myogenin (six of six), vimentin (six of six), and myoglobin (three of six). On reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction examination, three second tumors lacked specific chimeric transcripts for alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. Unexpectedly, variable reactivity for neurofilament (150 kd) was identified in six of six second tumors as well as 15 of 20 sporadic primary rhabdomyosarcomas (75%) examined as controls, the result being confirmed by Western blot analysis. In addition, staining for retinoblastoma-susceptibility gene protein was negative in all second tumors, in contrast to positivity in 14 of 17 sporadic primary tumors (82%). This finding suggests that retinoblastoma-susceptibility gene abnormalities could be associated with the development of second primary rhabdomyosarcoma. We consider that knowledge of the occurrence of rhabdomyosarcoma and appropriate immunohistochemical study are helpful for avoiding a misdiagnosis of recurrent retinoblastoma or Ewing's sarcoma when encountering patients with a history of bilateral retinoblastoma who developed second small round cell neoplasms.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1998

Ganglion cells in Ewing's sarcoma following chemotherapy: a case report.

A case of Ewing's sarcoma of the bone, arising in the right radius of a 12-year-old girl, which showed unique histologic features after pre-operative treatment, is reported. The light microscopic features of a biopsy sample were those of a small round cell tumor showing positive immunoreaction with antibodies against the product of the MIC 2 gene (O13), neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament, and synaptophysin, but no morphological differentiation. The patient received combined intensive multi-drug chemotherapy and radiation before surgery. Examination of the surgical specimen showed that the tumor was less cellular than that in the biopsy specimen, and was composed mainly of loosely textured large cells mimicking ganglion cells, occasionally forming Homer-Wright rosettes. An immunohistochemical study revealed that neural differentiation was enhanced. Immunoreactivity for Leu-7 also became positive. Although the patient underwent postoperative chemotherapy, she died of multiple lung and bone metastases 30 months after the diagnosis. Autopsy showed that metastatic foci were made up of densely packed small round cells like those seen in the biopsy samples, but associated with prominent Homer-Wright rosettes. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a tumor being replaced almost entirely by ganglion cells after pre-operative chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

12E7 Antigen↗
PubMed1998

[Activation of astrocytes and ischemic damage following the transient focal ischemia].

Astrocytes play vital roles not only in the mechanical support of the central nervous system but also in the metabolism of neurotransmitters and in the transfer of nutritive substances to neuron. After ischemic brain injuries, it has been known that gliosis appears around degenerative regions and repairs these regions. Recently, accumulating evidence indicates that overexpression of S-100 protein, astrocyte-derived protein, is detrimental to neuronal cells in various pathological conditions. To confirm the astrocytic activation in cerebral ischemia, we examined immunohistochemical changes in S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the transient focal ischemia. Cerebral infarction determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining was slight on day 1 and further expanded on day 2 and 3. Thereafter, GFAP immunoreactivity was observed in boundary zone of the infarct area at 72 hours after the transient focal ischemia. On the other hand, S-100 protein immunoreactivities were markedly increased at 9 hours after the transient focal ischemia. After the infarct formation, the increase of S-100 immunoreactivity was observed in outside boundary of infarct area. These results suggest that astrocytic activation, which we would like to be called "pre-mitotic S-100 peak (PSP)", precedes the neurodegeneration following the transient focal ischemia, and should be distinguished from so-called gliosis observed in the post-neurodegeneration and GFAP-dependent astrocytic proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effects of cysteinyl-leukotriene receptor antagonist, thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, and thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor on antigen-induced bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma.

BACKGROUND: Leukotriene (LT) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor antagonists have been used in the treatment of asthma. OBJECTIVES: We examined the effects of an LT receptor antagonist, TXA2 receptor antagonist, and TXA2 synthetase inhibitor on bronchoprovocation test (BPT) in patients with mild-to-moderate atopic asthma. METHODS: BPT was performed four times in each of six asthmatics. Development of the immediate asthmatic reaction (IAR) and late asthmatic reaction (LAR) was confirmed on the first BPT (BPT1). After a 7-day washout period, an LT receptor antagonist (pranlukast, 450 mg/d), TXA2 receptor antagonist (seratrodast, 80 mg/d), or TXA2 synthetase inhibitor (ozagrel, 800 mg/d) was administered orally over 7 days at random using a cross-over method (BPT2-4). Blood levels of LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, 11-dehydrothromboxane B2, eosinophil cationic protein, and histamine were measured at reaction phases of pre-BPT, IAR, and LAR. RESULTS: Administration of pranlukast suppressed IAR by 80.5% (p < 0.0001) and LAR by 54.6% (p = 0.0391). Ozagrel significantly suppressed IAR by 39.5% (p = 0.0413), but the fall in FEV1 was >20% (21.56+/-4.173%). Seratrodast did not suppress IAR or LAR. Blood levels of chemical mediators did not correlate with the suppressive effects of the tested drugs. CONCLUSIONS: The LT receptor antagonist was considered to be the most effective. LT might play a more important role in the pathogenesis of asthma than TXA2. Our data showed that measurement of blood levels of chemical mediators is not useful in identifying the pathogenic mechanisms of asthma.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma): report of four cases and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma) is poorly recognized and may be mistaken for other benign or even malignant spindle-cell tumors of soft tissue because of the small number of reported cases. DESIGN: Collagenous fibromas resected from four adult women were studied histologically and immunohistochemically. RESULTS: The tumors were well-circumscribed firm masses, measuring from 1.0 to 13.8 cm (mean, 5.5 cm) across the greatest diameter, located in the subcutaneous or deep soft tissue of the shoulder, thigh, back, and neck. Each of the tumors was characterized by a paucicellular lesion with spindle- and stellate-shaped fibroblastic cells embedded in a hypovascular, densely fibrous stroma. Mitotic figures and necrosis were not identified. One tumor contained dystrophic calcification and metaplastic bone, and another included small foci of floretlike multinucleated giant cells. Although appearing well demarcated on gross examination, one tumor focally infiltrated the surrounding skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. On immunohistochemical examination, all of the tumors were diffusely positive for vimentin. One tumor showed focal staining for alpha-smooth muscle actin, and another was partially positive for desmin, a staining profile that is typical of myofibroblasts. No tumor recurred during the follow-up periods of 67 to 108 months (mean, 93 months). CONCLUSION: Collagenous fibroma may be a distinctive fibrous soft-tissue tumor with benign biological behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Appearance of ovomucoid in coagulated egg yolk passing through from soluble fraction of coagulated egg white in boiled egg].

Ovomucoid is a egg white protein which has a strong allergenicity with a unique characteristic in heat-noncoagulable one contrast to heat-coagulable other major egg white proteins. By ELISA and immunoblots analysis, ovomucoid was detected in heat-coagulated egg yolk after immediate boiling of hen's egg for 15 min (boiled egg) at the concentration of 4.8 +/- 0.8 micrograms/g egg yolk, but not detected in raw egg yolk collected by insertion of a needle into the egg yolk cavity. Ovomucoid in heat-coagulated egg yolk was increased by standing the boiled eggs at room temperature for 10, 30, 60 and 120 min at the concentration of 7.5 +/- 3.4, 17.2 +/- 15.1, 28.1 +/- 5.9 and 78.8 +/- 31.3 micrograms/g egg yolk, respectively. The soluble fraction prepared from heat-coagulated egg white of boiled egg contained 37.7 +/- 3.2 mg/ml of proteins including 14.2 +/- 11.9 mg/ml of ovomucoid as a major and miners of detectable ovalbumin and ovotransfferin. These results suggested that the appearance of ovomucoid in coagulated egg yolk of boiled egg was due to passing the soluble fraction rich in ovomucoid in heat-coagulated egg white through into the coagulated egg yolk, which may have notable consequences for the present of ovomucoid as a major egg white allergen in yolk egg of boiled egg.

Allergens↗
PubMed1997

Differences in diagnostic criteria for gastric carcinoma between Japanese and western pathologists.

BACKGROUND: There have been many studies on gastric carcinoma in populations with contrasting cancer risks. We aimed to find out whether the criteria for the histological diagnosis of early gastric carcinoma were comparable in Western countries and Japan. METHODS: Eight pathologists from Japan, North America, and Europe individually reviewed 35 microscope slides: 17 gastric biopsy samples and 18 endoscopic mucosal resections taken from 17 Japanese patients with lesions ranging from early gastric cancer to adenoma, dysplasia, and reactive atypia. The pathologists were given a list of pathological criteria and a form on which they were asked to indicate the criteria on which they based each diagnosis. FINDINGS: For seven slides most Western pathologists diagnosed low-grade adenoma/dysplasia, whereas the Japanese diagnosed definite carcinoma in four slides, suspected carcinoma in one, and adenoma in only two. Of 12 slides with high-grade adenoma/dysplasia according to most Western pathologists the Japanese gave the diagnosis of definite carcinoma in 11 and suspected in one. Of six slides showing high-grade adenoma/dysplasia with suspected carcinoma according to most Western pathologists the Japanese diagnosed definite carcinoma in all. There were no major differences in the diagnoses of three slides showing reactive epithelium and seven slides with clearly invasive carcinoma. When the opinion of the majority of the pathologists was taken as the final diagnosis there was agreement between Western and japanese in 11 of the 35 slides (kappa coefficient 0.15 [95% CI 0.01-0.29]). Presence of invasion was the most important diagnostic criterion for most Western pathologists whereas for the Japanese nuclear features and glandular structures were more important. INTERPRETATION: In Japan, gastric carcinoma is diagnosed on nuclear and structural criteria even when invasion is absent according to the Western viewpoint. This diagnostic practice results in almost no discrepancy between the diagnosis of a superficial biopsy sample and that of the final resection specimen. This may also contribute to the relatively high incidence and good prognosis of gastric carcinoma in Japan when compared with Western countries.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1997

Abdominal actinomycosis: barium enema and computed tomography findings.

A case of abdominal actinomycosis is described in a woman with recurrent right lower abdominal pain and low-grade fever without history of appendectomy. Past history included the use of an intrauterine device (IUD) until 10 years before manifestation of these symptoms. We followed up the patient, via diagnostic imaging, for 7 months. On initial barium enema, a polypoid lesion was visualized at the bottom of the cecum and there was constriction of the sigmoid colon; the appendix was not seen. Seven months later, poor extension at the cecum, severe constriction in the sigmoid colon, and narrowing of the terminal ileum were also visualized. On computed tomography (CT), the lesion was initially localized only in the ileocecal region adjacent to the sigmoid colon. After 7 months, the lesion had infiltrated adjacent anatomic components and showed direct infiltration of the pelvic space. Differential diagnosis was difficult, as it was not obvious whether this was a pelvic abscess due to inflammation or appendiceal carcinoma. Laparotomy was performed. Macroscopically, the lesion was not limited to the ileocecal region, but involved the right ureter, tubes the Fallopian and ovary, bladder, psoas muscle, and abdominal wall. Pathology findings showed, chronic inflammatory tissue with evidence of actinomycosis. Although previous reports have described a lack of specific findings in this disease. When actinomycosis is suspected, CT is recommended to define its extent.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1997

Hepatocellular carcinoma with gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by direct tumor invasion to the duodenum.

Gastrointestinal hemorrhage from hepatocellular carcinoma invading the duodenum is very rare. A 60-year-old man with multiple hepatocellular carcinoma was admitted to our hospital because of massive melena and hematemesis. We succeeded in hemostasis of an esophageal variceal rupture by endoscopic varicial ligation. The duodenum could not be observed endoscopically due to extramural compression to the stomach from the liver tumor. Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred again and the patient died of hepatic failure. The postmortem examination revealed that the liver tumor had invaded the second portion of the duodenum and perforated into the lumen.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1997

Epidermization in the esophageal mucosa: unusual epithelial changes clearly detected by Lugol's staining.

A 58-year-old Japanese man with superficial esophageal cancer accompanied by unusual epithelial changes, including esophageal mucosal epidermization, is reported. Staining with Lugol's iodine clearly showed irregular unstained lesions, which could not be seen clearly macroscopically, in the resected specimen. Histologic examination of the irregular unstained areas showed definite granular and horny layers regarded as epidermization, acanthosis with slight nuclear enlargement, and epithelial atrophy. The immunohistochemical staining patterns of keratins in the epidermized and atrophic lesions were similar to those in the epidermis, and the keratin staining patterns of the acanthotic lesion were similar to those of the oral epithelium.

Coloring Agents↗
PubMed1997

Solitary esophageal metastasis of breast cancer with 15 years' latency: a case report and review of the literature.

A 68-year-old woman with a history of breast and colon cancer at the ages of 48 and 65 years, respectively, who presented with dysphagia is described. An upper gastrointestinal series and endoscopic examination revealed a circumferential stricture without ulceration in the middle-third area of the esophagus. Computed tomography demonstrated a submucosal tumor in the esophageal wall. A biopsy specimen obtained from the mucosa overlying the tumor revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, suggesting metastasis from the previous breast cancer. Subtotal esophagectomy with reconstruction was performed. Macroscopically, a submucosal tumor measuring 2.0 x 1.7 cm was observed in the resected esophagus. Microscopic examination revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, which was quite similar histologically to the breast cancer resected 15 years previously. Enzyme immunoassay and immunohistochemical analyses of the resected tumor revealed positivity for both estrogen and progesterone receptor, confirming the diagnosis of a metastatic cancer from the previous breast tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Aspirin-induced asthma as a risk factor for asthma mortality.

We have recently reported severe airway obstruction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in fatal asthma compared with patients without a history of near-fatal asthma. Based on these findings, we evaluated whether aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) is a risk factor for asthma mortality by analyzing pulmonary function and BHR. FEV1.0% and methacholine inhalation threshold were significantly lower in the fatal asthma group compared with the AIA and non-AIA groups. However, there were no significant differences between the AIA and non-AIA groups. Our results suggested that AIA is not a risk factor for asthma mortality if avoidance of aspirin and aspirin-like drugs is assured.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Investigation of the mechanism of alcohol-induced bronchial asthma.

BACKGROUND: Many Japanese patients with asthma experience episodes or exacerbation of asthma after alcohol consumption. This phenomenon is not seen in Caucasians and is specific to Asians. This has been thought to be attributable to a difference in alcohol metabolism, in particular the metabolism of acetaldehyde, between Asians and Caucasians. METHODS: An oral ethanol challenge test, a leukocyte histamine release test, and an ELISA for detection of IgE specific to acetaldehyde-human serum albumin conjugate were carried out in 42 adults with bronchial asthma and nine healthy adults. RESULTS: Fifty-five percent of the patients with asthma responded to the ethanol challenge and showed a 20% or greater reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 second. Blood acetaldehyde and plasma histamine levels were significantly higher in responders than in nonresponders. The leukocyte histamine release test revealed no ethanol-induced histamine release. Acetaldehyde, on the other hand, was found to induce histamine release in a volume-dependent manner. The histamine release was significantly higher in the asthma group (both responders and nonresponders) than in the healthy control group. ELISA did not detect any IgE specific to acetaldehyde-human serum albumin conjugate. CONCLUSION: Alcohol-induced bronchial asthma seems to develop as follows. Alcohol elevates blood acetaldehyde levels, which leads to degranulation of mast cells (or basophils). The resultant release of chemical mediators, such as histamine, induces asthma.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1996

Inhibitory effect of thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor, DP-1904, on antigen-induced contraction of human lung parenchyma.

BACKGROUND: Several mediators are released from mast cells during allergic reactions. These substances cause contraction of airway smooth muscles, increase the permeability of blood vessels, and enhance mucous secretion. Among these mediators, thromboxane A2 (TXA2) has a particularly strong bronchoconstrictive effect. OBJECTIVES: We examined antigen-induced contraction of excised human lungs and the suppressive effects of TXA2 synthetase inhibitor on TXA2 release. METHODS: Human lung parenchymal strips were subjected to passive sensitization with sera of 5+ RAST titer to the mite. They were suspended in magnus baths, to which buffer and 10(-4) to 10(-8) M of DP-1904, an inhibitor of TXA2 synthetase, were added. Following the measurement of TXB2 and leukotriene (LT) concentrations in each bath, parenchymal contraction was induced by the addition of a mite antigen. The concentration of TXB2 and LT was measured after contraction. RESULTS: Antigen-induced release of TXB2 was significantly suppressed by DP-1904 in a concentration-dependent manner. DP-1904 did not inhibit parenchymal contraction and the release of LT. CONCLUSIONS: Antigen-induced parenchymal contraction was not suppressed by inhibition of TXA2 release, suggesting that DP-1904 may not be effective in asthma.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Light and scanning electron microscopic study on the lingual papillae in the newborn sea otter Enhydra lutris.

The tongue of Enhydra lutris (sea otter), died from brain contusion at the first day of its age, was investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy in this study. Three types of papillae (filiform, fungiform and circumvallate papillae) were present on this tongue. In our evaluation, the filiform papillae were divided into four shapes which were conical, club-shaped, large horny and triangular papillae. The different types of filiform papillae were located in different area of this tongue. The fungiform papillae were divided into two shapes, which were hemispherical or club-shaped, and were distributed among the filiform papillae on the dorsal and the margin of the tongue. These papillae had many taste buds in the epithelium of the dorsal aspect of them. The circumvallate papillae were present in a V-shaped row at the posterior part of the lingual body, and many taste buds lay in the epithelium of both the lateral walls facing the trench and dorsal aspect of the papillary body, and then the ducts of the serous glands opened into the floor of the trenches. The lingual mucosa of the interpapillae area at the pharyngeal part of the tongue contained taste buds and the ducts of the mixed glands opened there. Based on our examination, the lingual papillae of this newborn sea otter had many features which were described to be peculiar to young stage of mammals.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Establishment of a new human ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma cell line (IM), and influence on cell proliferations by cisplatin with or without hyperthermia].

A new cell line, designated IM has been established from operation material derived from a woman with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. The population doubling time of the 35th passage IM cell was 28.8 hours. And it was successively subcultured 165 times in over 7 years, moreover still kept CA125 production. The nuclear DNA and cell surface CA125 antigen were double stained by propidium iodide and anti CA125 monoclonal antibody-FITC. Then the two color cytogram obtained by flow cytometry was drawn up. For the most part of CA125 positive cell retained G0 + G1 of cell cycle, the lesser part was in G2 + M phase. The S phase rate of IM cell incubated with cisplatin at 37 degrees C or 41 degrees C for 1 hour that estimated by BrdU-propidium iodide double stain method of flow cytometry, it was suggested that the inhibition of DNA synthesis by cisplatin was increased with 41 degrees C low hyperthermia.

CA-125 Antigen↗