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T Senge

Publications and source records attributed to T Senge.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Histochemical localization and quantification of alpha-glucosidase in the epididymis of men and laboratory animals.

The seminal marker of epididymal function alpha-1, 4-glucosidase was localized histochemically in the cytoplasm of the efferent duct epithelium and the brush border of the entire length of the human epididymis. Quantification using the specific inhibitor castanospermine revealed strongest activity in the corpus and cauda regions. Selective inhibition of the brush border enzyme activities by maltotriose identified these as the neutral isoenzymes. Despite detection of alpha-glucosidase in the renal tubules of all the animals studied, the enzyme was not detectable in epididymides of hamsters or mice. In rabbits and monkeys, it was absent from the entire brush border but present weakly in the cytoplasm of the proximal epididymides. An enzyme distribution pattern similar to that in the human epididymis was found in rats, except for the absence of histochemical staining at pH 6.5 from the initial segment and distal cauda epididymidis. Experiments in which endogenous testosterone was depleted in rats demonstrated the dependence of epididymal alpha-glucosidase on androgen, albeit with a low sensitivity. This study suggests the rat to be a suitable model for the investigation of the role of epididymal alpha-glucosidase in fertility.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1989

Critical evaluation of treatment of staghorn calculi by percutaneous nephrolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

The combined use of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in patients with staghorn calculi has become an established treatment regimen. We evaluated the results of 90 staghorn calculi-bearing kidneys treated with such combination therapy after a mean follow-up of approximately 2 years. A total of 69 kidneys (76.7 per cent) became free of stones at some point after treatment. However, due to stone recurrence this number decreased to 55 kidneys (61.1 per cent) at the end of follow-up. Patients who had undergone a previous open operation on the stone-bearing kidney showed less favorable results than the over-all group. When our results were compared to reported data on open surgery or percutaneous nephrolithotomy alone even better results may have been obtained by such treatment modalities. However, our data indicate that percutaneous stone debulking combined with further destruction of residual stone fragments by shock wave lithotripsy certainly is less invasive than an open operation and provides an alternative to percutaneous treatment alone, which can yield comparable results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for ureteral stones: a retrospective analysis of 417 cases.

We treated 417 patients with upper ureteral stones with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. All patients with obstructing stones underwent retrograde manipulation, which was successful in 57 per cent. Management of obstructing stones in situ (215 patients) with and without decompression of the collecting system required additional treatments in 13 per cent and ancillary procedures in 25 per cent. Nonocclusive ureteral stones were not manipulated. Treatment of these stones in situ slightly increased the need for postoperative ancillary procedures, compared to successful repositioning into the kidney (5.9 versus 3 per cent). Secondary treatments, however, were necessary as often as with occlusive stones. The main reason for failure of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was the lack of fluid around an impacted stone. An energy absorptive effect of muscle tissue for stones projecting on the psoas muscle could not be demonstrated. The best and most consistent results were obtained when the stone was manipulated successfully into the renal collecting system.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of total versus partial androgen blockade in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer.

In order to evaluate the proposed benefit of complete androgen blockade in the treatment of patients with advanced prostatic cancer, we initiated a multicenter prospective and randomized study. At the time of this report 99 patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated prostatic cancer were randomly distributed to one of the following treatments: group I, orchiectomy plus antiandrogen Flutamide; group II, depot LH-RH analog Zoladex plus Flutamide; group III, orchiectomy alone, and group IV, Zoladex alone. Our preliminary data fail to demonstrate a superiority of total androgen blockade over partial androgen blockade in the treatment of patients with advanced cancer of the prostate.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

[Recent findings on the pathogenesis and therapy of prostatic cancer].

Presently, there is no effective therapy for increasing survival of metastatic prostatic cancer. New approaches to this major disease are, therefore, urgently needed. One approach is to study the biology of prostatic carcinogenesis in order to develop a therapeutic modality to prevent the development of clinically manifest prostatic cancer. Based upon international epidemiological data, it should be possible to lower the incidence of clinical prostatic cancer by more than 10-fold among the males of the western industrial states. An alternative approach is to study the tumor biology of prostatic cancer in order to identify new modalities to better treat already established clinical prostatic cancer. Such studies have already demonstrated that individual prostatic cancers are composed of clones of cancer cells which are phenotypically heterogeneous even before therapy is initiated. Due to this tumor cell heterogeneity, the direction of future studies should be towards combining androgen ablation plus chemotherapy early in the disease in order to affect both the androgen-dependent and -independent cancer cells present within individual prostatic cancers.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Inability of complete androgen blockade to increase survival of patients with advanced prostatic cancer as compared to standard hormonal therapy.

It has been proposed that early treatment of patients with advanced prostatic cancer by surgical or medical orchiectomy when combined with a direct acting antiandrogen will result in a more complete form of androgen blockade, thereby increasing response and survival rates compared to orchiectomy alone. We treated 55 patients with previously untreated advanced prostatic cancer by bilateral orchiectomy and additional administration of 50 mg. of the direct acting antiandrogen cyproterone acetate orally per day. Therefore, these patients have undergone a combination therapy that meets the requirements of the proposed complete androgen blockade. All 22 patients with metastases at hospitalization died during the first 4 years of treatment. Among the 33 patients without clinical evidence of metastases at hospitalization 18 were alive after 5 years. Retrospectively, the direct observed 5-year survival rate for the patients treated with a complete androgen blockade did not show any advantage compared to reported data with orchiectomy alone.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Combined treatment of branched calculi by percutaneous nephrolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

Eighty-seven patients with branched renal calculi were treated by a combination of percutaneous nephrolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Stone debulking was achieved by percutaneous nephrolithotomy and residual stone fragments were destroyed by shock wave lithotripsy. Of the patients 70 (80 per cent) required 2 to 3 treatments, 12 (14 per cent) required 4 treatments and 5 (6 per cent) required 5 to 6 treatments. Results after 3 months indicated that 58 patients were free of stones, 3 had recurrent stones and 12 had disintegrated stone particles (less than 3 mm.) in the collecting system, while 13 were lost to followup. One patient had undergone nephrectomy. This treatment plan minimized the disadvantages of either technique when used alone and made open operative intervention unnecessary. Procedural and fluoroscopy times were reduced drastically compared to reported data on percutaneous nephrolithotomy only. We believe that more than 90 per cent of all branched calculi can be treated with this combined technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Giant hydroureteronephrosis. Case report and review of the literature.

A case of giant hydroureteronephrosis in a man is reported. Diagnostic evaluation included ultrasound, urethrocystoscopy and percutaneous puncture to assess the outline of the urinary tract and to locate a suspected ectopic ureteral orifice. Standard treatment usually consists of primary nephroureterectomy. A review of the literature with respect to etiology, diagnostic criteria and treatment modalities is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of oestrogen or cyproterone acetate treatment on adrenocortical function in prostate carcinoma patients.

The antiandrogen cyproterone acetate (CA), as well as oestrogens have been reported to influence pituitary-adrenal function in prostate cancer patients, but the clinical relevance of these findings is unknown. We therefore investigated serum cortisol (F), dehydro-epiandrosterone sulphate (DS), testosterone (T) and prolactin (Prl) levels in patients treated with CA or oestradiol undecylate for at least 6 months. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function was further assessed by analysis of diurnal hormone variation and by ACTH stimulation and dexamethasone suppression tests. To differentiate between direct CA or oestrogen effects and secondary effects resulting from therapy-induced hypogonadism, we performed similar tests in untreated normogonadal and hypogonadal patients. CA treatment effected a significant decrease in serum F (-40%), DS (-73%) and T (-58%) levels and an increase in serum Prl (+118%). Oestrogen treatment resulted in markedly lowered T levels (-89%), slightly elevated serum F (+24%) and significantly increased serum Prl (+192%). Corresponding changes of F, DS and Prl could not be found in the untreated hypogonadal controls, thus indicating a direct drug-related effect. Neither diurnal rhythmicity of serum F nor adrenal response to ACTH stimulation or sensitivity to dexamethasone suppression significantly changed under CA or oestrogen treatment. We conclude that, although serum F levels may decrease under CA or increase slightly under oestrogen therapy for prostate carcinoma, these findings do not justify specific treatment, since neither clinical side effects nor an impairment of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal feedback occurs.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Pyelocalyceal diverticula.

The aim of the present paper is to report on the frequency of pyelocalyceal diverticula and the relation to other renal abnormalities in 5000 routine IVPs. Pyelocalyceal diverticula are mostly occasional findings and they usually cause symptoms when complicated by inflammation or stones. These complications will characterize the symptoms. There is an indication for surgical treatment when the diverticula are complicated by stones or inflammation which fail to respond to simple antibiotic treatment. According to our experience, the removal of the diverticulum bearing renal segment is a safe procedure with good postoperative results.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Electrocardiographic findings in cystometric procedures.

Twenty-eight elderly patients, mostly with minor electrocardiographic abnormalities, underwent cystometry and simultaneous recording of the electrocardiogram in order to assess the influence of intravesical pressure elevation with regard to electrocardiographic changes. During cystometry intra-atrial, atrioventricular and ventricular conducting time remained unaffected, while the cardiac rate showed a moderate but significant increase without any serious impairment of cardiac function. It is concluded that slow filling without overdistension of the bladder can be considered safe even in elderly patients with cardiovascular problems.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Effects of the antioestrogen tamoxifen on steroid induced morphological and biochemical changes in the castrated dog prostate.

The effect of the antioestrogen tamoxifen (TA) was investigated in different types of steroid-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the castrated dog by histological, histochemical and biochemical analysis. A 6 months treatment with oestradiol-17 beta (E2) alone resulted in cystic and stromal hyperplasia and squamous epithelial metaplasia with a striking prostatic weight increase DNA and RNA content of the total glands increased significantly. The histochemical results and zinc values indicated the loss of normal epithelial function due to metaplatic transformation. The E2 induced cystic and metaplastic hyperplasia was prevented by TA while the stromal proliferation was significantly decreased but not abolished. Biochemical determinations revealed an effect similar to castration. After combined treatment with E2 and 3 alpha-androstanediol (3 alpha-diol) TA completely suppressed squamous metaplasia. A 3 alpha-diol induced glandular proliferation, monitored by a positive histochemical reaction, and significantly elevated zinc, DNA and RNA contents prevailed. A partial stromal stimulation indicates stimulating effects of 3 alpha-diol too on the stroma. The antioestrogenic effects of tamoxifen on experimentally induced BPH mainly manifest at the E2 induced epithelial alterations. The abolishing effects at the stromal level are distinct but not so impressive.

Androstane-3,17-diol↗
PubMed1982

Microautoradiographic studies on distribution of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, cyproterone acetate and oestradiol-17 beta in human prostatic hyperplasia tissue transplanted to juvenile rats.

While maintaining the actual conditions prevailing in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in man, transplantation of BPH tissue to new born rats proved a suitable model for examining the distribution of sexual hormones in different tissue compartments of BPH. In combination with the microautoradiographic method, it was possible to demonstrate the residence of the radio-active androgen 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5 alpha-DHT), the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate (CA) and the oestrogen oestradiol-17 beta (E2) in the epithelium and/or stroma of human BPH tissue. Quantitative evaluation in the form of a point per area count on photographic pictures yielded a silver grain distribution ratio in epithelium and stroma of 1.3: 1 and 1.5: 1 for epithelium to stroma after administration of [3H] 5 alpha-DHT and [3H]CA administration respectively and 0.5: 1 after [3H]E2. The high tracer recovery rate throughout the stroma following E2 administration supports the current view that the stromal proliferation is attributable mainly to oestrogen influences. The relatively high silver particle proportion throughout the stroma following 5 alpha-DHT administration corroborates recent findings which suggest that the exclusive androgen dependency of the glandular epithelium can only be considered in conjunction with an active metabolization of androgens in the stroma. The correspondence in the distribution of the radioactive tracer after [3H] 5 alpha-DHT and [3H]CA administration both in the epithelium and stroma suggest that an antagonism may also exist in the stroma.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Morphometric analysis of prostates in castrated dogs after treatment with androstanediol, estradiol, and cyproterone acetate.

We studied the prostates of 22 beagle dogs by light morphometric analysis under defined hormonal influences. Prostatic weight increased with 3 alpha-androstanediol (3 alpha-diol) alone and in combination with 17 beta-estradiol (E2). Two different prostatic hyperplasia models were established. 3 alpha-Diol brings about diffuse glandular prostatic hyperplasia with an absolute increase of glandular parenchyma and, together with E2, provokes stromal hyperplasia with squamous metaplasia of the epithelium and secondary cyst formation. In both models, the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate causes a significant reduction of the absolute and relative volumes of the glandular compartment with antiandrogenic effects on the stroma.

Androstane-3,17-diol↗