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Biomedical subjects

T Scott

Publications and source records attributed to T Scott.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Information management--a board issue?

Everyone is tired of the negative press reports on information systems in the NHS. There are, in fact, a number of excellent initiatives in the service which are strategically driven by boards. However, evidence suggests that many boards have not yet taken full ownership of systems. In this rapidly changing and highly important area, there are practical steps they should be taking to ensure success, say IT consultants Ken Pett and Tony Scott.

Contract Services↗
PubMed1994

Heart-lung protection from ischemic injury during 8 hour hypothermic preservation.

Optimal techniques of heart-lung preservation are yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to develop, in a canine model, a method of heart-lung preservation which would permit distant procurement of the organs. The animals were divided into 2 groups. In the experimental group (N = 6) the method of preservation consisted of cold cardioplegic arrest of the heart with St. Thomas' Hospital solution containing superoxide dismutase, catalase and deferoxamine, followed by cold pulmonary artery flush with modified Euro-Collins solution to which prostaglandin E1, superoxide dismutase, catalase, deferoxamine and Dextran 40 were added. Following harvesting, the heart-lung block was stored for 8 hours in cold (4 degrees C) Euro-Collins solution containing superoxide dismutase, catalase, deferoxamine, lactobionic acid, raffinose, mannitol, Dextran 40, magnesium sulfate, insulin and penicillin. In the control group (n = 6), the heart-lung block underwent the same treatment as the experimental group except that lactobionic acid, raffinose and insulin were omitted from the storage solution, and that oxygen radical scavengers were excluded from the cardioplegic, pneumoplegic and storage solutions. Histologic and electron microscopic examinations of heart-lung specimens taken before and after 8 hours cold storage of the organs suggested that our preservation technique may be effective in preventing ischemia-induced injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Computing. Informed decisions.

A key factor in providing a total integrated healthcare system is clear collaboration with suppliers, says Tony Scott, while Jon Melling looks at systems procurement in the US.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1991

Neuronal inclusions of Parkinson's disease.

Two distinct neuronal inclusions occur in Parkinson's disease. The Lewy body is the diagnostic hallmark and is recognized by its eosinophilic body and unstained halo. It can be found in specific regions of the nervous system, where its frequency, size, shape, and structure differ. Large neurons of the dorsal vagal nucleus and sympathetic ganglia often contain particularly large quantities of Lewy-body-like matter. It consists of filament in the outer part and electron dense material in the core, the outer part staining with silver and with antibodies to neurofilament and tubulin. The pale body is restricted to the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus. It does not react with conventional stains, silver, or neurofilament antibodies, and has a homogeneous structure with a granular and vesicular surface texture. It contains sparse granular matter, vacuoles, and filaments, surrounded by melanin. The Lewy body and pale body may be juxtaposed or contiguous in some cells, but their distinct appearances and structures indicate that they are separate inclusions.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Transient erosion of the ulnar styloid process.

A patient with polyarthritis had radiographs of the wrists taken at presentation and again at 6 months. At presentation radiographs were normal, but repeat X-rays at 6 months showed complete erosion of both ulnar styloid processes. This did not correlate with the clinical picture of a mild synovitis. A third X-ray showed normal wrists, revealing the cause to be a positional artefact during the X-ray procedure. Clinicians should be aware of this 'catch'.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1989

Effect of age on adherence of Branhamella catarrhalis to buccal epithelial cells.

The role of adherence in the pathogenicity of Branhamella catarrhalis in lower respiratory tract infection in the elderly was investigated. Differential adherence of this organism to buccal epithelial cells of elderly inpatients, outpatients, and young controls was measured. The mean number of bacteria adherent per cell was 36.9 +/- 11.2, 40.2 +/- 6.1 and 16.5 +/- 12.8 for inpatient and outpatient elderly and young controls respectively (significantly different p less than 0.01, Student's t test). This significantly higher level of adherence in the elderly subjects suggests that increased adherence may contribute to the incidence of respiratory tract infection due to B. catarrhalis seen in this group.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Abnormalities of the septum pellucidum in schizophrenia.

The authors present two cases of schizophrenia in young males who have malformations of the septum pellucidum, a thin sheet of cells and fibers located in the midline of the brain that separates the lateral ventricles. These cases are discussed in the context of newly proposed neurodevelopmental models of schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Doing it with DRGs.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1988

Antagonists and agonists interactions with the muscarinic receptor of the rat large airways.

The muscarinic receptor in the rat large airway was characterized by radioligand binding experiments. Using I-quinuclidinyl (phenyl-4-[3H])benzilate ([3H]QNB) as the radioligand, the receptor appears to be homogenous. The receptor density was 23 fmol/mg of protein and the Kd value for [3H]QNB binding was 16 pM. Competition of the [3H]QNB binding for the receptor with selective antagonists and agonists was used to characterize the muscarinic receptor. The K0.5 values for the (M1)-selective antagonists pirenzepine and telenzepine were 210 and 20 nM, respectively. The M2a-selective antagonist AF-DX 116 and the M2b-selective antagonist hexahydrosila-difenidol had K0.5 values of 130 and 120 nM, respectively. By comparing the apparent affinities of these antagonists in the large airways to their affinities in rat heart, the large airway muscarinic receptor appears to be of the M2a type. Agonists competition curves of [3H]QNB binding to the receptor were shallow. The agonist curves were modeled to one- and two-site binding models. All agonists, including M1-selective agonists, gave preferred fits to two-site models. Guanine nucleotide in the assay caused right shifts of the competition curves and decreased the apparent proportion of the receptor population that was in the higher affinity state for the agonists. Thus, it is concluded that: 1) the rat large airway muscarinic receptor interacts with antagonists in a manner which support the hypothesis that the receptors are of the M2a subtype and 2) both the high and low agonist affinity states of the M2a receptor of the rat large airways are capable of interacting with M1 agonists.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Mortality among Canadian military personnel exposed to low-dose radiation.

We carried out a cohort study of mortality among 954 Canadian military personnel exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation during nuclear reactor clean-up operations at Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ont., and during observation of atomic test blasts in the United States and Australia in the 1950s. Two controls matched for age, service, rank and trade were selected for each exposed subject. Mortality among the exposed and control groups was ascertained by means of record linkage with the Canadian Mortality Data Base. Survival analysis with life-table techniques did not reveal any difference in overall mortality between the exposed and control groups. Analysis of cause-specific mortality showed similar mortality patterns in the two groups; there was no elevation in the exposed group in the frequency of death from leukemia or thyroid cancer, the causes of death most often associated with radiation exposure. Analysis of survival by recorded gamma radiation dose also did not show any effect of radiation dose on mortality. The findings are in agreement with the current scientific literature on the risk of death from exposure to low-dose radiation.

Canada↗
PubMed1987

Identification of a factor IX/IXa binding protein on the endothelial cell surface.

Endothelium provides a specific binding site for Factor IX/IXa which can propagate activation of coagulation by promoting Factor IXa-VIII-mediated activation of Factor X. In this report the endothelial cell Factor IX/IXa binding site has been identified and the coagulant function of the receptor blocked. Studies using [3H]Factor IX derivatized with the photoaffinity labeling agent N-succinimidyl-6-(4'-azido-2'-nitrophenylamino)hexanoate (SANPAH) and cultured bovine endothelial cells demonstrated cross-linking to a trypsin-sensitive cell surface protein of Mr approximately equal to 140,000. Immunoprecipitation of metabolically labeled endothelium with Factor IX derivatized with the cleavable cross-linking agent N-succinimidyl(4-azidophenyl)-1,3'-dithiopropionate and antibody to Factor IX demonstrated the endothelial cell origin of the Mr 140,000 cell surface protein. Blockade of the Factor IX/IXa binding protein by covalently linking SANPAH-5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl-Glu-Gly-Arg-Factor IXa or SANPAH-Factor IX prevented both specific Factor IXa binding and effective Factor IXa-VIII-mediated activation of Factor X on endothelium. Following extraction of endothelium with detergents, Factor IX/IXa binding activity was solubilized and could be assayed using a polyvinyl chloride plate binding assay. Western blots of cell extracts demonstrated binding of 125I-Factor IX at Mr approximately equal to 140,000 which was blocked by excess Factor IX, but not antisera to Factor VIII, von Willebrand factor, alpha 2-macroglobulin, or epidermal growth factor receptor. These data indicate that endothelium provides a distinct binding site for Factor IX/IXa consisting, at least in part, of a membrane protein which can modulate the coagulant activity of Factor IXa on the cell surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The ultrastructure of the nervous tissue in a benign teratoma.

The ultrastructure of the nervous tissue in a benign ovarian teratoma is described. This tissue was organized into areas having both "meningeal" and "ependymal" surfaces, between which were found astrocytes, ependymal cells, neurones with synapses and microglia. These cells all had ultrastructural similarities to their normal counterparts in the nervous system. In addition, some signs of degenerative change--due possibly to the abnormal location of the nervous tissue--were observed. Oligodendrocytes and myelin were absent, possibly because of vascular insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Organ weights, T-cell proliferation, and graft vs host capabilities of hypothyroidic chickens.

Thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism reduced the thymus weights of young chickens. Thyroid weights were greater in thiouracil-fed (TF) chicks, and the circulating levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine were lower. Thiouracil treatment resulted in higher relative adrenal weights and serum corticosterone concentrations. Absolute weights of adrenals were equivalent between control and TF groups. The TF chicks showed depressions of total white blood cell counts and numbers of lymphocytes. Monocyte and granulocyte numbers were unchanged from those of controls. Thiouracil treatment lowered the phytohemagglutinin M responsiveness of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). On the other hand, the PBL from TF chicks produced the higher graft vs host (GvH) response. Therefore, while the hypothyroidic state impaired cycling activity in T cells, this condition did not significantly influence a functional parameter of T cells, the GvH response.

Animals↗