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Biomedical subjects

T Satoh

Publications and source records attributed to T Satoh.

At least 1,297 records · Page 72Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Acute irreversible rejection after withdrawal of azathioprine in renal allograft recipients.

Azathioprine was withdrawn from five recipients after renal transplantation because of hepatic damage. In three out of five cases, clinical courses were uneventful for more than 1 year after withdrawal (Group A). In the other two cases, rejection episodes occurred 3 and 5 months after withdrawal (Group B). Differences in histocompatibility, the interval between the operation and withdrawal, and the maintenance dosis of prednisolone were not practically striking in either group, but rejection episodes occurred early in group B. We evaluated the results and considered the mechanisms of tolerance after withdrawal of azathioprine because of hepatic damage in renal allograft recipients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Clinical considerations of renal allograft pathology.

Eleven out of 31 cases of living renal allografts lost their graft functions. Causes of graft loss were acute rejection in eight cases chronic rejection in one, graft rupture in one, and death due to meningitis with good graft function in one case. Five renal allografts and two biopsy specimens obtained after acute irreversible rejection and one renal allograft due to acute tubular necrosis an rupture were reviewed. We evaluated the correlation between these findings and the irreversibility of renal graft functions. All removed allografts and biopsies demonstrated interstitial edema and cell infiltration. Vascular pathology due to acute irreversible rejection revealed a high level of severity with fibrinoid necrosis and luminal obliteration. These findings suggested that graftectomy and cessation of immunosuppressants were indicated.

Graft Rejection↗
PubMed1981

Induction of hypersensitivity of brain by hydralazine treatment in rats.

Pretreatment with hydralazine caused prolongation of hypnosis induced by hexobarbital (80 mg/kg, i.p.) or intracerebroventricular injection of phenobarbital (1 mg/rat). Under the same condition, brain concentration of hexobarbital was lower than that of no hydralazine treatment. In addition, no appreciable change in liver microsomal drug metabolizing enzyme activities of rats after hydralazine treatment was observed. These findings strongly suggested that hydralazine increases the sensitivity of brain to barbiturates, which leads to prolongation of sleeping time without inhibition of drug metabolizing enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Clinical report on hemodialysis in the Department of Transplantation, Tokai University School of Medicine.

The Department of Transplantation, Tokai University School of Medicine was opened in April 1975. There were 286 patients treated by regular hemodialysis and 30 transplantation patients in the five year period from 1975 to 1980 in our Department. The total number of patients treated by regular hemodialysis alive in June 30, 1980 was 244 (85.3%). In the regular hemodialysis group, the peak age was 30-39 years. The youngest patient was nine years old and the oldest was 85 years old. The male : female ratio of chronic renal failure patients treated by regular hemodialysis was 67 : 33%. The actual five-year survival rate for patients treated by regular hemodialysis was 82%. The most prominent cause of chronic renal failure was glomerulonephritis (86.6%). The major cause of death in regular dialysis patients was gastrointestinal hemorrhage (22.6%). We had 81 cases of acute renal failure and 20 (24.7%) of these patients were treated by hemodialysis. Six cases with no acute or chronic renal failure were treated by hemodialysis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1981

[Biplane computed cerebral angiotomography of moyamoya disease (author's transl)].

In this paper, the authors report biplane computed cerebral angiotomographic findings in 5 cases of Moyamoya disease. The specific features of Moyamoya disease on the CT image were as follows: On the axial plane, the linear structures of the anterior half of the circle of Willis and the proximal portion of the middle cerebral arteries disappeared, and instead of these normal structures, irregular, tortuous or patchy high-density areas just like a "caterpillar" were shown in the basal cistern and medial Sylvian fissures. On the modified coronal plane, the supraclinoid internal carotid arteries and the carotid fork could be identified only with a difficulty, and abnormal, "nebular" high-density areas consisting of irregular, tortuous or patchy high-density vascular components became visible in the basal cistern extending to the basal ganglia. A modified coronal plane and intravenous minimum dose bolus injection method seemed to be more useful for the visualization of these specific features on the CT image. Even before carotid angiography, we can suspect Moyamoya disease for finding these specific features on the CT image. Carotid angiography has been the only method of diagnosing Moyamoya disease. Instead of this invasive examination, computed cerebral angiotomography is useful in detecting Moyamoya disease conveniently and non-invasively. Therefore, we may conclude that computed cerebral angiotomography is very useful method for screening and follow up study of Moyamoya disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Changes in the serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid contents in rat brain after ethanol and disulfiram treatments.

Disulfiram (700 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased the brain levels of serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in rats. Ethanol (1 g/kg and 2 x 1.5 g/kg, i.p.) did not affect the 5-HT level, but at the higher dose it significantly increased the 5-HIAA level. When disulfiram was given in combination with ethanol, the brain level of 5-HT was significantly higher and, conversely, the 5-HIAA level was significantly lower, as compared to the results with disulfiram alone. These results suggest that the biogenic aldehyde derived from 5-HT may influence 5-HT metabolism and the elimination of 5-HIAA from the brain.

Aldehyde Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1980

Tryptophol-induced change in Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine Metabolism.

The effects of tryptoiphol (TOL) on brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) metabolism were studied. After TOL injection (200 mg/kg IP), brain 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels were increased, 5-HT synthesis rate was decreased, and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity remained unchanged. Pretreatment of mice with p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), a potent inhibitor of 5-HT synthesis, did not affect the anticonvulsant action of TOL.. These results suggest that alteration of 5-HT metabolism after TOL injection is not directly related to the anticonvulsant action of TOL

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine on diazepam withdrawal signs in rats.

The effect of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), a specific serotonin (5-HT) depleter, on diazepam withdrawal signs was studied. Rats were made dependent on diazepam by the chronic administration of this drug in the diet. At the time of diazepam withdrawal, the animals were treated with PCPA (200 mg/kg, IP) or the corresponding vehicle (control). After diazepam withdrawal, the maximal body weight losses of control and PCPA-treated animals were 4.1% and 9.0%, respectively. In naive animals, PCPA did not cause any change in body weight. These results suggest that depletion of central 5-HT by PCPA may potentiate the severity of diazepam withdrawal signs.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Presynaptic inhibition of tooth pulp afferents in the trigeminal nucleus during REM sleep.

In order to find whether presynaptic inhibition of tooth pulp afferents is enhanced in any phase of sleep or wakefulness, the orthodromic mass response of the trigeminal nucleus to electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral tooth pulp and the antidromic mass response of the tooth pulp to stimulation of the trigeminal nucleus were recorded in the cat. Both responses were stable in amplitude during different phases of sleep and wakefulness. However, attenuation of the orthodromic response and augmentation of the antidromic one were sometimes observed during the burst of rapid eye movements during paradoxical sleep, suggesting that presynaptic inhibition is massively enhanced only on those occasions.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1980

Effect of diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate on microsomal electron transport system in rat liver.

Effect of diisopropyl 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenemalonate (NKK-105) on the components of rat liver microsomal electron transport system was investigated by comparison with those of phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene and polychlorinated biphenyl. When NKK-105 was administered to rats at a dose of 250 mg/kg/day for 7 days, cytochrome b5 content and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity were significantly increased but cytochrome P-450 content to the lesser extent. Three inducers of the drug metabolizing enzymes remarkably increased cytochrome P-450 content but increased cytochrome b5 content to a lesser extent.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Hyperglycemic effect of hydralazine in rats.

The effect of hydralazine in the alteration of blood sugar, tissue glycogen and blood cAMP levels in rats were investigated. Hydralazine was found to increase blood sugar level in intact rats when administered i.p. On the other hand, this hyperglycemia was partially blocked either by the treatment of intact rats with propranolol, beta-adrenergic blocker, or by adrenalectomy. Hydralazine treatment increased blood cAMP level, leading to the hyperglycemia, because pretreatment with phentolamine partially blocked the hydralazine-induced hyperglycemia.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1980

Microassay of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in needle biopsies of human liver.

A method is described for determination of liver gamma-GTP activity in homogenates of the small amount of human liver tissues (approx. 5--7 mg wet wt.) obtained by needle biopsy. The gamma-GTP activity in the liver of healthy subject was < 20 mU/mg protein. The microdetermination of gamma-GTP described here is worth in the diagnosis of hepatic injury, especially alcoholic hepatitis and drug-induced liver diseases.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1980

Drug-induced liver injury and microsomal arylamidase activity in needle biopsy of human liver.

The relation between the activities of arylamidase (one of the non-specific carboxylesterases) located exclusively in smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), and microscopical changes of the hepatocytes, was studied in three patients treated with phenobarbital and twenty-five patients injured by various other drugs. A micro-method was used for the determination of the enzyme activity in small pieces of liver (5-15 mg) obtained by needle biopsy. The arylamidase activity in seven normal livers was 0.43 +/- 0.05 (SD) nmol benzylhydrazine/micron protein/hr formed from isocarboxazid. The mean value in the livers treated with phenobarbital was statistically different from the value before phenobarbital treatment (P less than 0.05). Of sixteen cytotoxic type samples, seven showed low activity and eight high activity, respectively. Of the seven mixed-type samples, three showed mildly low activity and four normal activity. The frequency of the cytotoxic type is statistically different from that of the cholestatic (mixed and pure cholestatic) type comparing the abnormal activity with normal activity (P less than 0.05). The degree of enzyme activity was related to changes such as pyknosis, enlarged nuclei and centrilobular zonal necrosis. The ultrastructure of the material taken from three patients after phenobarbital treatment and one patient with ibuprofen-induced injury showed prominent increase and vesiculation of SER respectively. The study shows that drug-induced liver injury is closely related to the activity of SER, and that the changes in hepatocytes in cytotoxic type may result from the functional abnormality of SER.

Adult↗