Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Sakuragi.
Thirty-two patients with chronic prostatitis were given 6 tables of Cernilton daily for 12.6 weeks on the average. Improvement of subjective symptoms and objective findings was noted in 74.2% and 65.6% of the cases, respectively. The effective rate was 75.0%. No subjective symptoms or abnormal changes in laboratory data were observed in any case after Cernilton medication.
Of 52 male bladder cancer cases treated with radical cystectomy, 12 cases (23.9%) were incidentally diagnosed as stage A prostatic cancer. Histological analysis was done according to the "general rules for clinical and pathological studies on prostatic cancer." The average age of the prostatic cancer cases was 62.0 years with a range of 50 to 78 years. Three cases were of well differentiated adenocarcinoma, and 9 cases were of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Six cases were at pT1, 3 at pT2, and 3 at pT3. One case was stage A1, and 11 were stage A2 cases. Perineural and capsular invasions were found in 3 cases each. Neither lymphatic nor vascular invasion was found in any case, and no evidence of seminal vesicular, urethral, bladder and rectal invasion was found in any case. Lymph node metastasis was not found in any of the 3 pelvic lymph node dissected cases.
Cefmenoxime (CMX) was intravenously administered to 106 patients with complicated urinary tract infection at a daily dose of 2-4 g for 5 days. An excellent response in overall clinical efficacy was seen in 15 cases (18.3%), a moderate response in 46 cases (56.1%) and poor response in 21 cases (25.6%). Pyuria was cleared in 20 cases (24.4%), decreased in 22 cases (26.8%) and unchanged in 40 cases (48.8%). Bacteriuria was eliminated in 41 cases (50.0%), decreased in 17 cases (20.7%), relapsed in 7 cases (8.5%) and unchanged in 17 cases (20.7%). Bacteriologically, 74 (76.8%) of the 95 strains isolated were eradicated by CMX, and 22 (23.2%) persisted. Side effects were observed in 3 (abdominal pain, diarrhea and elevation of trans amylase) of the 106 cases. Judging from the above results, CMX is considered to be a useful drug in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.
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Four cases of urachal carcinoma are presented. The first case was a 36-year-old man who was admitted with the chief complaint of macrohematuria with mucinous debris. Cystoscopic examination revealed a single tumor at the dome of the bladder. Partial cystectomy and postoperative radiation therapy were performed. Histological findings showed a well differentiated adenocarcinoma. He has been well for twelve years postoperatively. The second case was a 52-year-old man who was admitted with the chief complaint of macrohematuria with mucinous debris. Cystoscopic examination revealed a single tumor at the dome of the bladder. Partial cystectomy and postoperative radiochemotherapy were performed. Histological findings showed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. He died of a recurrent tumor 30 months after operation. The third case was 70-year-old man who was admitted with the chief complaint of macrohematuria with mucinous debris. Cystoscopic examination revealed multiple tumors at the dome of the bladder, internal urethral orifice and right lateral wall. Total cystectomy, ureterocutaneostomy and postoperative chemotherapy were performed. Histological findings showed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. He died of a recurrent tumor 30 months after operation. The fourth case was a 68-year-old woman who was admitted with the chief complaint of macrohematuria with mucinous debris. Cystoscopic examination revealed a single tumor at the dome of the bladder. CT scan demonstrated a mass with calcification extending from the bladder dome superiorly. Partial cystectomy and postoperative chemotherapy were performed. Histological findings showed a well differentiated adenocarcinoma. She has been well for three months postoperatively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The bactericidal activity of 0.5% bupivacaine with preservatives at body temperature and at room temperature is not known. We studied the bactericidal activity of 0.5% bupivacaine with 0.08% methyl para-oxybenzoate and 0.02% propyl para-aminobenzoate as preservatives and of the preservatives alone at 37 degrees C and at room temperature on two strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, two strains of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, and one strain each of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. METHODS: The pathogen was exposed to 0.5% bupivacaine with preservatives or to the preservatives alone for 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours at 37 degrees C and at room temperature. The inocula from these suspensions were cultured for 48 hours at 37 degrees C after the antimicrobial activity of bupivacaine was inactivated by 1:1,000 dilution with physiological saline. RESULTS: The 1- through 12-hour exposures of four strains of S. aureus to 0.5% bupivacaine with preservatives at room temperature reduced the mean colony count by 24.2%, 49.2%, 71.3%, and 89.6%, respectively, and the exposure at 37 degrees C reduced the count by 74.1%, 95.2%, 99.9%, and 99.8%, respectively. The differences for 1- through 12-hour exposures were significant (P < .001). The percentage kill in the strains of E. coli and S. epidermidis was significantly higher than that in the strains of S. aureus at all exposure times at room temperature (E. coli, P < .001; S. epidermidis, P < .0001) and at 1- and 3-hour exposures at 37 degrees C (E. coli, P < .001; S. epidermidis, P < .0001). The bactericidal activity of the preservatives was markedly lower that that of 0.5% bupivacaine with preservatives (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: The bactericidal activity of 0.5% bupivacaine with preservatives is stronger at body temperature than at room temperature; the bactericidal activity may be due, to a large extent, to bupivacaine rather than to the preservatives; and S. aureus is more resistant to the bactericidal activity of bupivacaine than are S. epidermidis and E. coli.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The rate of onset of antimicrobial activity of local anesthetics is unknown. Similarly, whether the activity is bactericidal or bacteriostatic is also unknown. The antimicrobial activity of local anesthetics with preservatives has not been studied. This study investigated the rate and potency of the antimicrobial activity of 0.125%, 0.25%, and 0.5% bupivacaine, 2.0% mepivacaine and 2.0% lidocaine with preservatives, and 2.0% lidocaine without preservatives on two strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS: The pathogen was exposed to each local anesthetic for 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours at room temperature. The inocula from these suspensions were diluted to 1:1,000 with physiological saline to inactivate the antimicrobial activity of the local anesthetics and then were cultured for 24 hours at 37 degrees C on agar plates. RESULTS: Lower colony counts were observed with a 3-hour or longer exposure to 0.5% bupivacaine in both strains of S. aureus (P < .05). The 3-hour exposure reduced the count by approximately 60%, the 6-hour exposure by 70%, and the 24-hour exposure by more than 99%. The bactericidal activity was lowest with 0.125% bupivacaine and 2.0% mepivacaine. CONCLUSIONS: Antimicrobial activity was observed shortly after exposure of S. aureus to local anesthetics and appeared to be bactericidal rather than bacteriostatic. However, the observed bactericidal activity, although it developed rapidly, may be insufficient to account for the low incidence of epidural infection related to epidural cannulation.