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Biomedical subjects

T Sakuragi

Publications and source records attributed to T Sakuragi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Mitral valve repair by the sliding leaflet technique employed for a broad prolapse in the posterior leaflet: a case report].

We report a case of a broad prolapse in the posterior leaflet successfully treated by a mitral valve repair by the sliding leaflet technique. The mitral valve regurgitation was caused by a rupture and elongation in the chordae supporting the middle scallop. First 3 cm of the leaflet was quadrangularly resected, then the posterior leaflet was detached from the annulus. Suture annuloplasty of that portion was performed and then the posterior leaflet was reattached to the annulus. Finally a Carpentier-Edwards annuloplasty ring was sutured in position. A postoperative study revealed no regurgitation. The sliding leaflet technique seemed to be effective to reduce tension in the isovolumic stress area caused by covering the broad gap left by the resected leaflet. When mitral valve repair by the sliding leaflet technique is performed, we recommend the use of an annuloplasty ring to decrease the stress on the suture line, to remodel the annular configuration and to prevent annular dilatation.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Bactericidal activity of skin disinfectants on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

We studied bactericidal activity of 10% povidone-iodine, 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate, and 0.5% chlorhexidine in 80% ethanol on four strains of methicillin-resistant and two strains of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. The pathogen was exposed to each of the disinfectants for 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 s at room temperature. The inocula from these suspensions were cultured 72 h at 37 degrees C after the antimicrobial activity of the disinfectants in the suspensions was inactivated by 1:1000 dilution with neutralizer. No organism grew in any of the strains after exposure to 0.5% chlorhexidine in 80% ethanol. The 15-, 30-, and 60-s exposure to 10% povidone-iodine reduced the mean colony count by 55.2%, 91.2%, and 96.7%, respectively, and the exposures to 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate reduced the mean colony count by 37.2%, 77.1%, and 93.3%, respectively. The difference in colony count between disinfectants was significant at 15- and 30-s exposures (P < 0.01 and 0.05, respectively). The results suggest that bactericidal activity of 0.5% chlorhexidine in 80% ethanol is more potent and more rapid against methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical treatment of ruptured aneurysm of the sinus Valsalva].

A case of 31-year-old man with ruptured aneurysm of the sinus Valsalva into right atrium originating from noncoronary sinus (Konno's classification type IV) was presented. Patch closure of the defect was carried out through aortotomy followed by resection and direct closure of the aneurysm from right atrium. When placing the patch, pledgetted mattress sutures were passed to the aortic annulus from left ventricle to aorta. It could avoid distortion of aortic valve cusp. Attempting surgical treatment for this type of aneurysm, repair of the defect should be performed through aortotomy to ensure the repair and avoid recurrence of aneurysm, injury to aortic valve and conduction system. Repair from aorta is mandatory, and it is also necessary to open right atrium for the exact inspection of tricuspid valve.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Thymoma associated with progressive systemic sclerosis--a case report].

A 59-year-old man was admitted to hospital with sclerodactyly and high grade fever. He complained of wrist joint pain and swelling of bilateral hands. Despite of administration of non steroid anti-inflammatory drug and steroid the symptoms were progressive and sclerodactyly spreaded to the forearm. Through the results of the laboratory examination, he was diagnosed as progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Chest CT scan showed an anterior mediastinal tumor, and histological examination revealed a spindle cell type thymoma with mild lymphocytic infiltration. During hospitalization, the pulse therapy of steroid was administrated. Progressive sclerodactyly and interstitial pneumonia were improved, but stiffness of hand and joint pain was not diminished. In expectation of improvement of the symptoms, mediastinal tumor was removed. Histological diagnosis was thymoma of epitherial type. After surgery, symptoms decreased and at last diminished, dosage of steroid could be tapered.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[A case of chronic traumatic thoracic aneurysm after an injury 18 years ago].

Chronic traumatic thoracic aneurysm which had passed over eighteen years since injury was reported. A 41-year-old man, who was involved in automobile accident 18 years before, complained back pain and was referred to our hospital for an aneurysm at the aortic isthmus. According to his history of trauma and location of aneurysm, it was diagnosed as chronic traumatic thoracic aneurysm. Graft replacement was performed under the left heart bypass by using the BioMedicus centrifugal pump. He has been doing well after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Inhibition by sedatives of compensatory vasoconstriction during lumbar epidural anesthesia].

Compensatory vasoconstriction in an upper extremity during lumbar epidural anesthesia contributes to the stability of hemodynamics. We measured blood flow of an index fingertip (FBF) with laser-Doppler flowmetry, surface temperature of a middle fingertip (FT), deep body temperature of the forehead (HDT) and a big toe (BDT) by an insulated thermistor probe of zero thermal flow between skin and subcutaneous tissue, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in 16 patients undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery under lumbar epidural anesthesia. Epidural puncture was done at L1-2 (n = 2), L2-3 (n = 8) or L3-4 (n = 6), and the initial dose of 13 +/- 1 ml (mean +/- SD) of 2% plain mepivacaine (n = 14) or 2% plain lidocaine (n = 2) was injected five minutes after the test dose of 3 ml. Five minutes after the initial injection, the hypesthesia region of cold sensation examined by alcohol absorbent cotton was T9 +/- 3 (range, T2-T12) at the upper limit and S2 +/- 2 (range, L2-S3) at the lower limit. After determination of the hypesthesia region, a combination of butorphanol 1.0 +/- 0.1 mg and midazolam 2.0 +/- 0.9 mg or diazepam 7.5 +/- 2.5 mg alone was administered intravenously. The difference between HDT and BDT decreased significantly from 6.4 degrees C (P < 0.01) at the time of test dose injection to 0.4 degrees C (P < 0.001) 20 minutes after the initial dose injection of local anesthetics. FBF showed a twofold significant increase (P < 0.01) 20 minutes after the initial dose injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Validity of non-invasive deep body thermometry to evaluate thermoregulation].

We evaluated, as an index of thermoregulation and hemodynamics, the validity of deep body thermometry that measures deep tissue temperature transcutaneously by creating an area under an insulated thermistor probe of zero thermal flow between skin and subcutaneous tissue in 27 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Deep body temperatures (DBT) were measured at the forehead (FH) and palm (P), and the DBT gradients (DBTFH-P) were compared with simultaneously measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), the gradients (TESODBTP, TRECDBTP) of the esophageal and rectal temperatures and palm DBT during a three hour period after discontinuing cardiopulmonary bypass. Among the body temperature and hemodynamics measurements, the closest linear relationship was found between DBTFH-P and TESODBTP [0.35 + 0.95 x TESODBTP (degrees C), r = 0.98, SEE = 0.45, P < 0.0001]. There were no correlations between DBTFH-P and MAP, CI and SVR. We conclude that the measurement of DBTFH-P is useful as a reliable non-invasive method of monitoring core and shell temperature to evaluate thermoregulation.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1993

Deep body temperature during the warming phase of cardiopulmonary bypass.

We have compared deep body temperature (DBT) measured at the forehead with the core temperatures of the nasopharynx, oesophagus and rectum during the warming phase of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (moderate hypothermia of 26.7-29.6 degrees C) in 12 patients. DBT was measured transcutaneously by an insulated thermistor probe that created an area of zero thermal flow between skin and subcutaneous tissue. The core temperatures measured at different sites lagged behind the increase in arterial blood temperature during warming. The trend was most marked with rectal temperature and least with oesophageal temperature. Among all measurements, the closest linear relationship was found between forehead DBT and nasopharyngeal core temperature (0.99 x nasopharyngeal temperature (degrees C) -0.07; SEE = 0.53; r = 0.99; P < 0.0001). Forehead DBT measurement may be useful as a reliable non-invasive method of monitoring cerebral temperature during CPB.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Postoperative adjuvant M-VAC chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer].

Between 1986 and 1989, 14 patients undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer, in pathological stage high risk pT2 group, pT3-4 and/or with N+ disease, received postoperative adjuvant methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (M-VAC) chemotherapy. Of the 14 patients 10 were alive with no evidence of disease for an average of 41 months. Tumor recurrence was seen in 4 patients (bone in 2, lungs in 1, brain in 1 patient). Of the 4 patients, 3 patients died of cancer progression at an average of 26 months and 1 patient was alive with tumor for 30 months. Their actual survival rate at 64 months was 70%, which was significantly higher than that of the historical control groups (1974-1981: 18%, 1982-1985: 46%). Although postoperative adjuvant M-VAC chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer seemed effective in this study, a controlled randomized study will be necessary to conclude if it could be of real benefit for these patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Bladder replacement with sigmoid colon for bladder cancer].

From 1972 to 1989, 21 patients underwent bladder replacement with sigmoid colon after cystectomy for bladder cancer. A portion of sigmoid colon (about 15 to 20 cm) was isolated and anastomosed to the urethral stump. Then the ureters were implanted in the sigmoid colon via submucosal tunnels. There were 20 men and 1 woman, ranging in age from 24 to 71 years (average 51 years). Preoperative investigations showed that all the cases were free of metastasis. Five years survival rate was 60.7% and there was no operative mortality. There was urethral recurrence in one case and in that case postoperative histopathology revealed carcinoma in situ with tumor. All patients were able to void by themselves without any difficulty. Five patients complained mild incontinence at daytime and all patients had mild incontinence during deep sleep at night, but all of them could maintain their normal daily life like before. The major postoperative complications were: leak at the site of anastomosis (between sigmoid colon and urethra) in 6 cases, hydronephrosis in 2 cases, VUR in 2 cases and bladder stone in 1 case. The patients who underwent bladder replacement with sigmoid colon were well satisfied, because there were no external stoma and the patients could void by themselves. From now, we want to improve our operative method in order to avoid postoperative incontinence.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Hypothermia after cardiopulmonary bypass in man: effects of prostaglandin E1 and phentolamine].

The "afterdrop" in body temperature (TEMP) following adequate rewarming from hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is frequently observed. This temperature drop sometimes accompanied by shivering results in increased myocardial oxygen demand. We investigated the relations between the afterdrop and use of vasodilators after CPB. For vasodilator therapy, PGE1 at the rate of 0.025-0.088 microgram.kg-1.min-1 (Prostaglandin Low Doses, PLD; n = 8), 0.107-0.136 microgram.kg-1.min-1 (Prostaglandin High Doses, PHD; n = 7), or phentolamine at 4.1-5.9 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 (PHENT; n = 8) were intravenously infused in 23 adult patients after CPB. During three hour period after CPB, esophageal, rectal, and forehead TEMP are lower in PHENT than in PGE1 groups. There were significant differences between PHD and PHENT group. Finger tip TEMP was lower in PGE1 groups than in PHENT group. There were significant differences between PHD and PHENT group. There were no differences in systemic arterial pressure, cardiac index (CI) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) at any point between PHD and PHENT groups. It is concluded that PHENT increases the peripheral skin blood flow and TEMP but decreases the visceral TEMP possibly due to vasodilatation of the skin vessels, while PGE1 decreases skin blood flow and TEMP but increases the visceral TEMP, although SVR clearly decreases at the same rate in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lung lobe torsion following lobectomy.

Three cases of postoperative pulmonary lobe torsion were reported. Two of three showed hemorrhagic infarctions, and as a result underwent rethoracotomies and removal of the affected lobes. From these experiences, we consider that computed tomography (CT) and bronchofiberscopic examinations are useful for the diagnosis of advanced torsion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[A clinicopathological study on patients with bladder cancer treated with cystectomy].

A clinical and histopathological investigation was made on 170 patients with bladder cancer who underwent total cystectomy at our institutions between 1982 and 1986. The overall 5-year survival rates of patients with pTis + pTa, pT1, pT2, pT3, pT3b and pT4 were 100, 71.8, 60.7, 39.2, 31.4 and 0% respectively, those of patients with G1, G2 and G3 were 100%, 67.6%, 35.7% respectively. As for histopathological growth and spread pattern (INF), intramural lymphatic invasion (ly) and venous invasion (v), INF beta, INF gamma, ly2, v (+) showed the worst prognosis. These histopathological factors were considered to be closely correlated to each other. Studies on these histopathological factors are very important in planning the subsequent therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Skin disinfectants for nerve blocks and their long-lasting antimicrobial effects].

Although epidural catheterization has many advantages in anesthesia and in the treatment of acute pain, spinal epidural abscess is a serious complication after the procedure. Since it is presumed that the epidural space is contaminated by bacteria on the skin via the space around the catheter, it seems important to clarify bacterial re-growth after application of skin disinfectant. Therefore, bacterial growths on human back 1, 2 days, and 1 week after application of disinfectants were studied in summer and winter to elucidate whether there are differences between the two seasons. Four disinfectants, 0.5% chlorhexidine in 80% ethyl alcohol (CA), 0.2% benzalkonium in 80% ethyl alcohol (BA), 10% povidone iodine (PI), and 80% ethyl alcohol (EA) were applied on the back of 76 adult healthy volunteers, and the specimens were taken by agar-contact method. The frequencies of positive cultures for bacteria were higher in summer than in winter. The frequencies of positive culture in summer after the applications of CA, BA, PI, and EA were as follows, respectively: 50%, 20%, 5%, and 40% after 1 day; 47%, 50%, 60%, and 50% after 2 days; and 82%, 82%, 70%, and 64% after 1 week. In winter, these frequencies after the application of CA, BA, PI, and EA were as follows, respectively: 0%, 0%, 18%, and 18% after 1 day; 5%, 26%, 32%, and 58% after 2 days; and 21%, 21%, 32%, and 42% after 1 week. We conclude that when an epidural catheter is in situ, more frequent skin disinfection has to be carried out, preferably by CA, in summer than in winter, since the presence of sweat on the back seems to hasten the re-growth of bacteria.

Abscess↗
PubMed1990

[Continuous infusion of prostaglandin E1 facilitates weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass].

Vasodilators expedite the rewarming process and facilitate weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We continuously infused prostaglandin E1 (PG-E1) at 0.02-0.05 microgram.kg-1.min-1 (n = 11) or phentolamine (PHENT) at 5-10 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 (n = 13) during rewarming from mild hypothermic CPB. Rectal temperature was 33.3 +/- 1.7 degrees C in PG-E1 group vs. 31.3 +/- 1.3 degrees C in PHENT group at 30 minutes, and 34.0 +/- 1.2 degrees C vs. 32.7 +/- 1.1 degrees C at 40 minutes from the start of rewarming. There were significant differences (P less than 0.01 at 30 min, P less than 0.05 at 40 min) in rectal temperature between the two groups. There were no differences in perfusion index of CPB, arterial perfusion temperature, mean arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance as well as esophageal, forehead or palm skin temperatures at any point between the two groups. The required time for weaning from CPB was significantly shorter in PG-E1 than in PHENT group (P less than 0.01, 36 +/- 8 min vs. 46 +/- 11 min). Our results also strongly suggest that PG-E1 preferentially improves splanchnic blood flow.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1988

Induction of lymphokine-activated killer-like cells by cancer chemotherapy.

Natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity against NK-resistant target tumor cells was found in the peripheral blood of tumor-bearing patients approximately 1 mo after combined chemotherapy. The recognition specificity of these effector cells was broad and had no restriction. From the experiments of negative selection with mAbs and complements, these newly developed killer cells after chemotherapy were thought to be LAK-like cells. Contribution of these LAK-like cells to the mechanism of action of anticancer drugs remains to be clarified.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

BCG induced killer cell activity.

To investigate the mechanism of Bacillus de Calmette Guérin (BCG) bladder instillation therapy, the killer cell activity induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) after BCG instillation was examined. Significant cytotoxic activity against natural killer (NK) cell resistant target tumor cells was detected after 3 days of instillation. To characterize this BCG induced cytotoxic activity further, human PBMNCs were cultured with BCG in vitro. From 24 h maximum cytotoxicity was obtained and continued for 3 days, then decreased slightly. Neither a DNA synthesis inhibitor Cytosine-arabinoside (Ara-C) nor a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) generation inhibitor Cyclosporine A inhibited this killer cell activation. Monoclonal antibody treatment revealed that both precursor and effector cells are Leu1-, 3a-, 7+, 11b+. The recognition specificity from cold target competition experiments was selective. Taken together NK type precursor was activated with BCG into NK type effector which has wider spectrum of target cells than usual NK cell.

Cyclosporins↗