[Anoplura/sucking lice (author's transl)].
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Anoplura↗
Biomedical subjects
T Rufli
Publications and source records attributed to T Rufli.
[Siphonaptera/fleas (author's transl)].
Fleas are small, reddish-brown, wingless insects with a laterally compressed body and a pronounced third pair of legs adapted to leaping. Of the 100 species found in Middle Europe, hardly a dozen are of medical importance, they concern mainly people in contact with domestic animals. The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis, and the bird flea. Ceratophyllus gallinae, are the most important human-pathogenic species in our region. A flea bite shows first as a haemorrhagic punctum, accompanied by itching, and leads to an erythema with or without central wheal. After 12--24 hours a papule appears which persists up to 2 weeks. Linimentum zinci with 10% Neocid alleviates the itching and prevents further infestation. The fleas are destroyed in their hiding places and on their animal host by applying Toxical-, Neocid- or Noflo-powder. The tropical sand flea, Tunga penetrans, is a permanent ectoparasite of man. It is seen in people returning from the tropics. Fleas may, even in our region, be vectors of bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae and intestinal parasites.
Adult↗
[Congenital, self-healing reticulohistiocytosis].
The described skin condition is characterized by multiple congenital skin tumours and disseminated papules on the trunk, which regressed without therapy during the first two months of life. Apart from the skin, no other organs were involved. The histological examination showed a histiocytic infiltrate composed of cells with large, irregularly formed nuclei and partly opaque, foamy cytoplasm. Extravasation of erythrocytes was frequent. The skin disorder is similar to the congenital self-healing reticulohistocytosis of Hashimoto and Pritzker.
Female↗
Antibiotic sensitivity of gonococcal strains isolated from patients in Basel and environs.
During the first 4 months of 1977, 95 different strains of gonococcus were isolated in the out-patient department of the Dermatology Clinic of the University of Basel. These were systemically tested for sensitivity to penicillin G, spectinomycin, thiamphenicol, doxycycline and rifampicin. The MIC values and the diameter of the zones of inhibition were determined. Tests for beta-lactamase production were made. A correlation in the degree of sensitivity was observed between the following antibiotics: penicillin G/rifampicin; penicillin G/thiamphenicol; penicillin G/doxycycline; thiamphenicol/doxycycline; thiamphenicol/rifampicin; doxycycline/rifampicin. The size of the inoculum had little influence on the activity of the substances, except for that of penicillin G against the beta-lactamase-positive reference strains. No beta-lactamase-producing strains were detected amongst the clinical isolates. In the case of penicillin G, there was a correlation between the minimum inhibitory concentration and the inhibition-zone diameter.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
[Manifestation of a malignant lymphoma of high grade malignancy in the terminal stage of mycosis fungoides. Enzyme-cytochemical and immunocytological investigations (author's transl)].
Report on a patient with mycosis fungoides, in whom after a long course the disease developed rapidly into a malignant lymphoma of high grade malignancy. The diagnosis was confirmed by cytomorphological and enzyme-cytochemical methods (demonstration of hydrolytic enzymes in cryostat sections, cutaneous smears and cell suspensions extracted from skin lesions), as well as by immunocytological methods (differentiation of lymphocyte sub-populations). In the tumour stage of mycosis fungoides, a polymorphous infiltrate composed of lymphocytoid and monocytoid cells prevailed, while a proliferation of lymphoblastic cells was present in the terminal stage of the disease. These cells showed no longer the properties of mature lymphocytes and differed also in their enzyme-cytochemical pattern.
Histocytochemistry↗
[Bullous dermatoses in otorhinolaryngology (author's transl)].
The early clinical and histological diagnosis of acquired bullous dermatoses (pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid and the cicatricical pemphigoid of mucous membranes) may prove to be difficult when the disease is confined to the upper air and food passages. Histological differentiation between these diseases can also be difficult. In a number of cases it could be shown that the first signs of the disease were frequently mistaken for inflammatory conditions and that routine histological examination rarely confirmed the diagnosis. Only after immunohistological and immunoserological examination could the diagnosis be confirmed. In pemphigus, the treatment can be individually adapted to the titre of antibodies. The typical otorhinolaryngological findings in each of the three diseases are described.
Aged↗
[Human infestation by Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis (cattle itch mite)].
Infestation by Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis in a farmer is reported. He presented with an intensely itching eruption of erythematous papules on forearm, neck and abdomen. An environmental investigation yielded that four of the farmer's cows had mange. Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis was isolated from skin-scrapings of the cows. Histology from a self-induced lesion revealed that Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis penetrates the human skin, but does not--in contrast to var. hominis--form burrows. This finding corresponds with the clinical picture. The mite lies subcorneally, compressing the thinned epidermis. The surrounding corneal tissue shows a marked exsudative reaction. The various ways in which mites may infest the human skin are discussed.
Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
[The malignant melanoma: criteria for the prognosis and therapy].
Several factors influence the spontaneous course of malignant melanoma: localization, stage, depth of invasion and histological type of the tumour, as well as sex and immune competence of the patient. Risk and prognostic factors have been inadequately considered in past therapeutic trials and are a major issue in current applied melanoma research.
Dacarbazine↗
[Papillomatosis coronae glandis. Frequency of occurrence and clinical picture].
The clinical picture of pearly penile papules (PPP) is described on the basis of the literature and the authors' own investigations. Although symptomless and without functional significance, PPP may lead to damaging therapeutic measures if not recognized as such by physician and patient. The incidence of PPP has been investigated in 642 19-year-old Swiss men originating from the same geographical region. PPP were found in 33%, in 9.2% as the major variant and in 23.8% as the minor variant.
Adult↗
[Enzyme cytochemical studies of malignant cutaneous lymphomas using simple smear preparations].
Cyto-morphological and enzyme-cytochemical investigations were carried out in five patients with lymphoreticular proliferations in the skin, using a simple smear technique. As purely morphological criteria allow only a limited differentiation of the infiltrate cells in the smears, enzyme-cytochemical methods were applied for further identification (detection of hydrolytic enzymes). With this new technique, the single cells are not damaged and keep their cell structure, so that the exact localisation of the enzyme activity is possible. Our investigations demonstrate the change of the cellular infiltration in the cutaneous smear during the clinical course of mycosis fungoides. In the premycotic stage, enzyme cytochemically positive monocytes and enzyme cytochemically negative lymphocytes with small nuclei are prevalent. In the infiltrative and tumor stages the cellular picture is dominated by polymorphonuclear lymphocytoid cells with medium sized nuclei, these cells contain ample amounts of esterases and acid phosphatase. In contrast to these findings, other lymphomas investigated by us are characterized by the lack of monocytes and an abundance of lymphocytes, which according to the stage of differentiation present a different pattern of the alpha-naphthylacetate-esterase and the acid phosphatase.
Adult↗
[The medical importance of mites (author's transl)].
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Allergens↗
[Porphyria cutanea tarda-like bullous dermatosis in a patient with chronic renal failure under hemodialysis].
Patients with chronic renal failure under regular hemodialysis may present porphyria cutanea tarda-like dermatoses without, however, exhibiting a disturbed porphyrin metabolism. Based on a personal observation and the literature the anamnestic, clinical and histological features of this distinct dermatosis are discussed. Metabolic disturbances due to chronic renal failure, with or without hemodialysis, are possible etiopathogenetic factors, while in the light of the latest findings it seems improbable that any such role is played by frusemide therapy.
Humans↗
[Venerology in the everyday work of the internist].
The worldwide increase in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases confronts the physician to an increasing extent with this group of infections. The high morbidity and the change in the clinical picture of gonorrhea, especially its asymptomatic form, give rise to extragenital complications which frequently lead the patient to the internal specialist in the first instance. Non-gonorrheal urethritis, in particular the infectious form, is undergoing intensive research. A number of organisms may be responsible, but a non-infectious origin must also be kept in mind. Syphilis is still important. The late stages of the disease have become rare thanks to highly effective therapy with antibiotics. The early stages of the infection, however, must always be considered in the differential diagnosis of any genital or anal affection, and also in generalized exanthemas of unknown origin. Homosexual transmission presents diagnostic problems of its own. Serological mass screening is essential. Interpretation of the results must take into account the different specificity of the various serological tests and their indication.
Erythromycin↗
Antiviral action of interferon in man: use of interferon in varicella - zoster infections in man.
The effect of human leukocyte interferon on varicella-zoster infections was compared in a placebo controlled study. Thirty-six patients were treated with interferon and 26 with placebo. In the interferon treated group the duration of pain was shortened, the development of crust formation was enhanced and the viral clearance from lesions was accelerated, compared with the control group.
Antiviral Agents↗
[Pattern of epithelium formation in human and guinea-pig skin (author's transl)].
Comparative histometry of human and guinea-pig epidermis revealed that in the latter development of the (subcorneal) superficial epithelium is significantly less, and that of the (mostly follicular) deep epithelium is markedly more pronounced than in man.
Adult↗