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Biomedical subjects

T Reich

Publications and source records attributed to T Reich.

239 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Attribution of antisocial symptoms in coexistent antisocial personality disorder and substance abuse.

Two methods for diagnosing antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) were compared based on whether antisocial symptoms that occurred when subjects also experienced alcohol- or other drug-related problems were counted toward the diagnosis of ASPD. From a family study of alcoholism and ASPD, 93 male subjects who met ASPD criteria in the absence of substance-related problems were contrasted with 312 subjects who were diagnosed with ASPD regardless of whether criterion symptoms occurred along with substance-related problems. Subjects did not differ in types of antisocial behaviors, age of onset of behaviors, or comorbid psychiatric disorders except for alcoholism and drug abuse. A subgroup was contrasted on family history of psychiatric illness, with no differences noted between groups. Counting antisocial symptoms toward the diagnosis of ASPD regardless of whether symptoms occur during periods of substance abuse increases the observed population prevalence of the disorder, but does not change the observed phenomenology of ASPD or affect commonly accepted indicators of validity of diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of screening proposals for somatization disorder empirical analyses.

We report a comparison of three sets of screening criteria, plus a post hoc modification of one, for the diagnosis of somatization disorder. Included in the comparison are the DSM-III-R seven-symptom screen, 11 symptoms identified by Swartz et al., and the hierarchical screen using symptom clusters that has been proposed for DSM-IV, along with a modification to the latter. Data sets used in this test were from the St Louis Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study and a family study of alcoholism. Findings of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value indicate advantages and disadvantages of each screening set. No one set was clearly superior; selection of screening criteria should be dependent on the intended application.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cation transport in lymphoblastoid cell lines established from bipolar manic-depressive patients.

Lymphoblastoid cell lines established from patients suffering from bipolar manic depression have been used to study the possible involvement of cation transport in the aetiology of this illness. No significant difference was found in the K+ fluxes mediated by the ouabain-sensitive sodium pump, the diuretic-sensitive cotransport system and the passive leak pathway of cell lines established from either control or bipolar subjects. The mean value for the specific binding of 3H-ouabain (sodium pump site number) was significantly higher in the bipolar group (approximately 30%) than in the control group.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebral distribution of 133-Xe and blood flow measured with high purity germanium.

Distribution of cerebral blood flow was measured with an array of 200 ultra-pure germanium radiation detectors and 133-Xe by inhalation. The array "sees" the head as a composite of different subvolumes and enables measurement of the concentration history of tracer every 1-10 sec in each subvolume simultaneously. Subvolume mean flows, (fm), and partition coefficients, lambda m, are derived by compartmental analysis of tissue concentration washout curves. Errors from "cross talk," scalp radiation, "look through," and assumed partition coefficients are eliminated. Average fm adjusted for 40 mm Hg PACO2 in 14 cortical subvolumes (7 right, 7 left) of four normal 21-24 year old controls ranged from 50 to 60 ml/100 cc tissue/min, and lambda m ranged from 0.97 to 1.14. Average fm and lambda m in white matter was 24 ml/100 cc/min and 1.42 - 1.14 respectively. During CO2 inhalation, right and left hemispheric fm increased 6.4% and 5.7%/mm Hg respectively, whereas white matter fm increased 2.2% and 3.4% mm Hg respectively. There was no systematic difference between front and back or dominant vs non-dominant sides. Three 73-84 year old controls had reduced fm and CO2 reactivity in all subvolumes, lambda m was in the same range as in younger controls. Two patients with intracranial cerebrovascular disease showed excellent localization of ischemic subvolumes. One patient with asymptomatic unilateral 98% stenosis of the internal carotid artery had a similar distribution of blood flow in both hemispheres.

Adult↗