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Biomedical subjects

T Palosuo

Publications and source records attributed to T Palosuo.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Immunonephelometric measurement of human plasma apolipoproteins A-I and A-II: an assay performed by consecutive addition of the two antisera to a single specimen.

A consecutive immunonephelometric assay for human apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and A-II is described and validated. Apo A-II is first measured from guanidine-HCl-treated samples using a monospecific antiserum raised in sheep against purified apo A-II. This is followed by addition of anti apo A-I serum to the same tubes and recording of the light scattering after 90 min. The results of 125 serum samples were compared with those obtained by the radial immunodiffusion method, and thereby, correlation coefficients of 0.98 and 0.91 could be calculated for apo A-I and apo A-II concentrations, respectively. The within-assay variations of apo A-I and apo A-II methods were 3.28% and 2.40%, respectively, the corresponding inter-assay variations were 7.76% and 8.90%.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1985

Rheumatoid factor seroconversions in relation to clinical rheumatoid arthritis.

Two blood samples were taken with an interval of five years in a continuing epidemiological study of a rural population with an age range of 40-64 at the commencement. Paired sera from 1805 subjects were tested for rheumatoid factors using Waaler-Rose and latex tests. Simultaneous conversion in both tests from negative to positive occurred in seven cases and from positive to negative in eight cases, corresponding to 20% of the Waaler-Rose positives. The mean Waaler-Rose titre in the cases converting to positive was nearly four times higher than in the cases converting to negative. Five subjects developed Waaler-Rose-positive rheumatoid arthritis after the baseline survey. In three of them, positive rheumatoid factor reactions were observed to precede the joint disease; in two others the chronological order could not be established.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Thyroid autoimmunity and cardiovascular diseases.

The relationship of thyroid autoantibodies and elevated TSH level to indices of cardiovascular diseases was studied in two population series monitored for 5 years and in a cross-sectional hospital series. In a cohort of 1105 males, initially 55-74 years of age, deaths due to cardiovascular causes occurred in 19% of subjects with thyroid autoantibodies and in 11% of controls matched for age (P less than 0.05). In another cohort of 1045 males and 1223 females, initially 40-64 years of age, no difference emerged in males, while 6 out of 20 females who died of cardiovascular causes had thyroid autoantibodies, compared with 18% in the whole series. In a series of 97 hospital patients with myocardial infarction, 7 patients had thyroid autoantibodies as opposed to 12 antibody-positive subjects among controls matched for age and sex. Elevated TSH level appeared to be no better an indicator of cardiovascular morbidity or mortality than thyroid autoantibodies. It is concluded that thyroid autoimmunity may act as a cardiovascular risk factor under certain circumstances, but it does not have any general significance and the mechanism of action remains unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serum acute-phase glycoproteins and immune complexes in relation to smoking and respiratory symptoms: an epidemiological study.

A nephelometric assay of concanavalin A binding was used to measure serum acute-phase glycoproteins in young conscripts, in middle-aged males, and in adults with persistent respiratory symptoms. The findings in conscripts, irrespective of the smoking status, did not differ from those in blood donors, whereas, a strikingly higher portion (38%) of the middle-aged heavy smokers exhibited elevated values. In subjects with persistent respiratory symptoms the corresponding figure was even higher (52%), but no difference was recorded between smokers and non-smokers. Elevated amounts of circulating immune complexes, as measured by conglutinin-binding assay, were detected in 6% of the middle-aged males and in 20% of the subjects with persistent respiratory symptoms.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1984

Nephelometry of acute-phase glycoproteins by binding to concanavalin A.

Nephelometry of serum acute-phase glycoproteins by binding to concanavalin A (con-A) was compared with assays for haptoglobin and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, and for C-reactive protein. The cutoff points for positive reactions were determined on the basis of results for a random sample (n = 130) from a middle-aged population. The sensitivity of the con-A binding assay compared favorably with that of individual acute-phase glycoproteins in a follow-up cohort of 198 patients with inflammatory joint diseases. Unlike the case in many individual acute-phase glycoprotein assays, the distribution of con-A binding values in healthy subjects is remarkably symmetrical, allowing an easy distinction between abnormal and normal values.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1983

Circulating IgA- and IgG-class antigliadin antibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

A sensitive and technically simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to demonstrate circulating IgA- and IgG-class antibodies to gliadin, a component of wheat gluten. Serum samples from 24 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), 5 with coeliac disease (CD) and 75 normal controls were analysed. Antigliadin antibodies (AGA) of the IgA class were detected in 71% of DH patients, all of the CD patients and 19% of the controls. IgG-AGA was found in over 90% of DH patients and controls and in all of the CD patients. The mean ELISA values of both IgA- and IgG-class AGA were significantly higher in DH patients than in the controls. The occurrence of circulating IgA-class AGA is compatible with the hypothesis that these antibodies can be deposited in the skin, e.g. as immune complexes, or due to cross-reactivity of gliadin and dermal reticulin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Reaginic and non-reaginic antibodies against mammalian danders.

Solid phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and passive haemagglutination techniques were used to study the occurrence of IgG-type antibodies against feline and bovine epithelial extracts among RAST-positive patients, senior veterinary students, cat fanciers (representing exposed subjects) and healthy controls. In most groups both techniques exhibited equal sensitivity being positive in about half of the RAST-positive cases. The levels of both EIA-reactive IgG-class and IgA-class antibodies were increased in most of the sera (greater than mean + 2 s.d. of controls), while only a few sera showed increased IgM values.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Technical falsely positive rheumatoid factor by ELISA in sera with elevated IgM levels.

One half of sera with monoclonally or polyclonally raised IgM levels showed substantial IgM adsorption on to polystyrene plates coated with tetanus toxoid-human antitoxin complexes, plain tetanus toxoid and human serum albumin. In three latex-negative sera out of 56 sera with monoclonal IgM components this adsorption exceeded the rheumatoid factor binding from rheumatoid sera on to plates coated with tetanus toxoid-human antitoxin complex. The nonspecificity of this IgM adsorption was further substantiated by the lack of inhibition with heat-aggregated human immunoglobulin. The falsely positive rheumatoid factor phenomenon was largely restricted to sera with raised IgM levels.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1981

IgG rheumatoid factor. Detection by enzyme immunoassay in rheumatoid arthritis and normal subjects.

IgG rheumatoid factors were demonstrated by enzyme immunoassay using, as antigen, goat antibodies to human serum albumin in the form of immune complexes. Elevated levels of IgG rheumatoid factor were noted in the majority of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis but also relatively often in normal blood donors. Reactivity of IgG rheumatoid factor was in most instances inhibitable by IgG from various species, including man. Exceptionally, restricted specificity towards IgG from bovidae, was recognized.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Appearance of dextrans and antidextran antibodies in human sera.

The serologically active moiety of an antigen detected occasionally in pathologic sera by double-diffusion gel precipitation tests, referred to in earlier studies as ubiquitous tissue antigen, was identified as a dextran composed predominantly, if not exclusively, of a(1 leads to 6)-linked glycopyranoses. By means of an enzyme immunoassay, dextran or dextran-like material, which inhibited the binding of antidextran serum to dextran, was detected in sera of several patients with various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, especially GI ulcers (7/10), and also often in sera of aged people (9/21). However, 2 of 50 normal blood donor sera and a few sera from almost every disease group studied contained low quantities of dextran-like material. The levels of antidextran antibodies of the IgG class were also often elevated among patients with GI diseases and aged people as demonstrated by enzyme immunoassay with dextran T-500 as the solid phase antigen. OD values exceeding the mean plus 2.5 SD of 106 normal blood donor sera were recorded in ;69% of patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers, 40% with ulcerative colitis, 29% with Crohn's disease, 20% with colorectal carcinomas, and in 21% with rheumatoid arthritis. None of 23 children, but 9 of 23 aged people (35%) had elevated antibody levels. It is suggested that absorption of dextrans from food or their production by intestinal bacteria may be facilitated in various GI diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Haemagglutinating antibodies to cat dander in relation to exposure and respiratory allergy.

Cat epithelial extract was coupled with chromic chloride to red cells and used as an antigen in a haemagglutination assay. Agglutinins coexisted with IgE type antibodies in 44% of patients with respiratory allergy and sensitivity to cat dander but occurred in only 1% of asthmatic patients sensitized to other allergens or in controls. The agglutinins were detected in six out of 104 cat fanciers, and three of those with agglutinins had asthma. The agglutinins were of IgG type and were heterogeneous in specificity.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1977

Immunochemical studies on a nephritis-associated ubiquitous tissue antigen.

A ubiquitous tissue antigen (UTA), associated with chronic renal diseases was partially purified and characterized. The antigen was extracted by solubilization in 0.5% sodium deoxycholate (DOC) of various organs of human and animal origin. UTA was soluble in ammonium sulfate at 50% concentration and precipitable in 71% ethanol. Considerable purification of UTA was achieved by fractional ammunium sulfate precipitation, zone electrophoresis and gel filtration. Gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and velocity gradient centrifugation through 10-40% sucrose gradients suggested that the main antigenic component is a macromolecule, although aggregability of DOC-extracted proteins upon removal of the solubilizer prevented more accurate determinations. UTA appeared to be a heat-stable glycoprotein which did not contain lipids detectable by Sudan black B staining. The yield of purest UTA preparations, which did not contain components of homologous serum as tested by double diffusion gel precipitation or immunoelectrophoresis, was 0.1-0.2 mg/100 g of starting tissue. Immunization of rabbits with homologous UTA-containing preparations resulted in anti-UTA antibody formation.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1976

Circulating immune complexes after kidney transplantation.

Sera from patients who had received renal allografts were studied for the presence of circulating immune complexes by using platelet aggregation technique combined with density gradient centrifugation. A simple and highly reproducible modification of the platelet aggregation technique, employing the use of relatively small amounts of blood from pretested donors as the source for platelets, is described. Immune complexes were detected in post-transplantation sera from 3 out of 16 patients. The development of a persistent immune complex state as a consequence of grafting was concluded in one patient.

Adolescent↗