Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Otsuka

Publications and source records attributed to T Otsuka.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effects of azelastine on allergen- and exercise-induced asthma.

The effects of the new anti-allergic drug, azelastine, on allergen- and exercise-induced asthma were studied. In six allergen inhalation tests for five asymptomatic asthmatic patients, the maximum percentage fall in FEV1.0 immediately after inhalation of allergen extract was 37.2 +/- 6.4 per cent (mean +/- SEM). As compared with a placebo, the maximum percentage fall in FEV1.0 with azelastine after inhalation of allergen extract in the same manner as with the placebo was 17.3 +/- 6.9 per cent. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). The percentage fall in FEV1.0 with placebo and azelastine in late asthmatic response (n = 4) was 36.0 +/- 5.3 per cent and 10.0 +/- 5.2 per cent, respectively. The difference was also statistically significant (p less than 0.01). An exercise test was carried out on seven asymptomatic asthmatic patients using an inclined treadmill. The maximum percentage fall in FEV1.0 without drugs, with diphenhydramine and azelastine was 38.9 +/- 5.0 per cent, 20.1 +/- 3.8 per cent and 11.3 +/- 3.1 per cent, respectively. Significant differences were found among each group (p less than 0.05). Azelastine was regarded as having sufficient potency to inhibit exercise-induced asthma; however, placebo effects cannot be ruled out with regard to the effects of diphenhydramine. These results suggests that chemical mediator release is involved not only in allergen-induced asthma but also in exercise-induced asthma, suggesting the clinical utility of azelastine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Physiological responses and initial treatment of extensive burns].

Two hundred and twenty seven patients with extensive burns were treated at our department during the period 1975 to 1984, the overall mortality rate being 48.5%. Physiological responses were analysed after dividing the patients into three groups according to the year of treatment, the first group consisting of 83 patients treated during 1976-1978, the second group of 81 patients treated during 1979-1981 and the third group of 55 patients treated during 1982-1984. Survival rates increased gradually during this period, the rates being 44.6%, 54.3% and 56.4% in the first, second and third groups, respectively. It is believed that these improvements resulted from substantial changes in therapy between each period, which include: estimation of hemodynamics for early volume resuscitation; massive fluid resuscitation with lactated Ringer's solution and protein, which ameliorates the shock and acute renal failure due to burns; rapid institution of nutritional support and early grafting essential in preventing infection and sepsis. Significant improvements in survival rates were noted after more aggressive treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Abnormal sodium and potassium metabolism in orthostatic dysregulation in childhood.

Serum sodium (Na) and potassium (K), 12-hr urine Na, K and Na/K ratio and fractional Na excretion rate (FENa) were examined in 142 children with orthostatic dysregulation (O.D.) aged 6 to 15 years. Serum K and FENa were significantly lower in children with O.D. than in normal children, conflicting with the results of low plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration in children with O.D. which we had previously reported. This suggests that there might be excessive excretion of a mineralocorticoid other than aldosterone or that there might be abnormal regulation of Na and K metabolism by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A case of adult T-cell leukemia initiated with central nervous system symptoms.

We treated a 52-year-old Japanese woman with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) initiated with central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. Her chief complaints were paraplegia and left facial palsy. CNS-ATL was diagnosed because of the following three features. 1) Various sized lymphoid cells with marked nuclear convolution were numerous in her cerebrospinal fluid. 2) These cells were a monoclonal proliferation of T lymphocytes with OKT 4 marker. 3) The patient's serum was positive for anti-ATL associated antigen (ATLA). Although the neurological signs and symptoms improved markedly after intrathecal administration of combined chemotherapy (methotrexate, cytarabine and corticosteroid), these ATL cells were highly resistant to radiation therapy. The abdominal mass which developed in the course of the disease was diagnosed as a tumor formed of ATL cells, and VEPA (vincristine, endoxan, prednisolone and adriamycin) was administered with marked success.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1984

[Chest injury].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cardiac Tamponade↗
PubMed1984

[A clinical study on 164 patients with extensive burn--with special reference to improved survival factors].

One hundred and sixty four patients with extensive burn were treated over 6 years, 1976 through 1981. Clinical data were analyzed, dividing into successive period; Grod: Group I (83 patients, 1976-1978) and Group II (81 patients, 1979-1981). The mean age was 28.9 years, the mean burn area was 52.6% body surface area (% BSA) and Burn Index was 38.7 in group I, whereas in Group II 33.7 years, 56.0% BSA, 41.8, respectively. There are no statistical difference between the two groups. The mortality of the 164 patients was 50.6%. That of Group I was 55.4% and 45.7% in Group II. Excluding patients with almost fatal burns over 70% BSA or over 60 years of age, the former mortality is 33.3% and the latter is 21.3%. When a mortality rate was analyzed in patients with 50-70% BSA and aged less than 60 years in Group I, it was 65.0% and in Group II 36.8%. The main difference in the treatment between the two periods are as follows. Air fluidized beds were used in the latter period. As topical agents, silver sulfadiazine cream was administered in the former period, and silver sulfadiazine cream nitrate was administered in the latter period. Concerning debridement and skin graft, surgery was carried out 2-3 weeks after burn in the former period, while it started within one week in the latter period. In the latter period, active nutritional support and new generation of Cephem were used. These facts reveal that progress in various aspects of the treatments in the latter period have resulted in improvement of the mortality rate.

Adult↗