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Biomedical subjects

T Otani

Publications and source records attributed to T Otani.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Structural analysis of the polymorphic 3' region of the human chorionic gonadotropin-alpha gene in normal placenta and choriocarcinoma cells.

We previously examined the segregation patterns of two polymorphic restriction enzyme sites for EcoRI and HindIII in the 3'-flanking region of human CG-alpha gene in placenta and choriocarcinoma. We observed that a unique combination of restriction sites predominates in choriocarcinoma while this pattern was rare in placenta, suggesting a functionally important site in this region of genome. Genomic libraries were constructed from DNA derived from placenta and from the choriocarcinoma cell line JAr to examine the DNA sequence responsible for these polymorphic sites. Several clones were isolated; restriction fragments containing the polymorphic sites were subcloned into pBR322, and the stretch of DNA encompassing the polymorphic sites were sequenced. No apparent DNA rearrangements were observed; sequence analysis showed that both of the polymorphic sites were caused by single base pair mutation in the recognition sequence of each enzyme. Three new polymorphic sites were identified in the 3' region of the hCG-alpha gene. These data indicate that major DNA rearrangements in the 3' region of the gene are not associated with choriocarcinoma. However, analysis of the polymorphic sites revealed that there is a linkage disequilibrium among these sites which may extend to a putative oncogene which is responsible for developing choriocarcinoma.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1986

[A case of infected urachal cyst--a review of Japanese case reports of urachal cyst].

A 24-year-old female with infected urachal cyst is reported. She was admitted to the hospital with complaints of a lower abdominal mass, abdominal pain and cystitis symptom. Brownish pus discharges from her umbilicus were recognized by manual compression of the lower abdominal mass. Cystoscopy revealed a small orifice at the dome of the bladder, and pus discharges from this orifice. A pooling of contrast medium (8 X 2.5 cm) under the umbilicus was detected by a fistelography from the umbilicus, and a low density mass was detected under the abdominal wall between the umbilicus and the dome of bladder on a CT scan. So she was diagnosed as an infected urachal cyst and operated on. The urachal cyst which was adhered to the peritoneum had penetrated both the umbilicus and bladder at the time of operation. Complete removal of the urachal cyst with partial cystectomy was done. We also reviewed the Japanese case reports of urachal cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Antigonadotropic actions of GnRH agonist on ovarian cells in vivo and in vitro.

GnRH and its agonists have recently been shown to inhibit a variety of reproductive functions, in addition to its well-known gonadotropin releasing action in the pituitary. In order to determine the inhibitory mechanism and the site of action of these peptides in ovary, the direct actions of an agonistic analogue [D-Leu6, des-Gly-NH2] GnRH ethylamide on hypophysectomized immature rat ovaries in vivo and on rat luteal cells as well as porcine granulosa cells incubated in vitro were investigated. 125I-Labeled GnRH agonist, when injected to immature female rats, bound specifically not only to pituitary but also to ovaries. GnRH agonist inhibited hCG stimulation of progesterone production and ovarian weight augmentation in hypophysectomized immature female rats in vivo. FSH-stimulated induction of ovarian LH/hCG receptors and ovarian weight gain in diethylstilbestrol (DES)-treated hypophysectomized immature female rats were also suppressed by GnRH agonist. Moreover, treatment with GnRH agonist inhibited hCG-stimulated progesterone production by rat luteal cells incubated in vitro. In short time incubation of porcine granulosa cells obtained from medium follicles, the capacity and affinity of LH/hCG receptors were not affected by GnRH agonist. However, in long term culture of porcine granulosa cells obtained from small follicles, concomitant treatment with GnRH agonist markedly inhibited the induction of LH/hCG receptors stimulated by FSH and insulin. It may be possible that GnRH agonist prevents the differentiation of granulosa cells and subsequent acquisition of LH/hCG receptors, but has no effect on the LH/hCG receptors already induced. On the other hand, GnRH agonist delayed hCG-stimulated accumulation of cyclic AMP in porcine granulosa cells obtained from medium follicles. This delay of cyclic AMP accumulation may be responsible for the inhibition of progesterone production by ovarian cells. These findings suggest that GnRH agonist acts directly on ovarian cells and inhibits the action of FSH and LH/hCG, independently.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Holding postures characteristic of unstable bladder.

Holding postures to resist uninhibited detrusor contractions are illustrated and discussed. These postures were observed in children with urodynamically proved unstable bladders. The majority of the holding postures involved compressing the urethral meatus or the perineum in girls, or contracting all of the skeletal muscles or squeezing the glans penis in boys. The holding posture required the child to remain still. Younger children used straightforward holding postures, while older children adopted more sophisticated and less recognizable positions. These clinical observations seem to suggest that a physician should probably suspect an unstable bladder in any child who often demonstrates any of these postures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

In vitro and in vivo activities of DN-9550, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin.

DN-9550 [(6R, 7R)-7-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl) methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-[(1-pyridinio)methyl]-8-oxo-5-thia -1-azabicyclo methyl]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate hydrochloride] is a new semisynthetic cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The activity of DN-9550 against most species of the family Enterobacteriaceae was roughly comparable to that of ceftazidime, slightly lower than that of cefotaxime, and far exceeded that of cefoperazone. Against Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, and Serratia marcescens, DN-9550 was more active than ceftazidime and cefotaxime. DN-9550 and ceftazidime were significantly more active than cefotaxime against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but DN-9550 and cefotaxime were clearly more active than ceftazidime against staphylococci and streptococci. Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were also highly susceptible to DN-9550, but Bacteroides fragilis was generally not susceptible to the compound. DN-9550 was stable to various types of beta-lactamases and had high affinities for penicillin-binding protein 3 of both Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa. When DN-9550 was administered subcutaneously to mice experimentally infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa, its efficacy well reflected its in vitro potency.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Stimulation by staphylococcal enterotoxin A of nonspecific resistance of mice to microbial infection.

The effects of staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B, and C2 (SEA, SEB, and SEC2) on the resistance of mice to microbial infections were studied. SEA stimulated the resistance strongly, whereas SEB and SEC2 had no such effect. Treatment with SEA increased the number of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes significantly within 4 h, and these polymorphonuclear leukocytes exhibited a higher chemiluminescence response than those of the controls. Furthermore, a significant increase in spleen weight was also observed in mice treated with SEA, and histologically that increase was characterized by a proliferation of lymphoblast-like cells which were stained with antibody to mouse Thy-1 but not with antibody to mouse immunoglobulin G by indirect immunofluorescence. As expected from the above findings, the treatment of nude mice (nu/nu) with SEA failed to protect them against Escherichia coli infections, whereas treatment of heterozygous (nu/+) controls afforded such protection. This was in part supported by the fact that the chemiluminescence response of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes was increased significantly by treatment with SEA in nu/+mice but not in nu/nu mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of insulin on porcine granulosa cells: implications of a possible receptor mediated action.

The mechanism of direct action of insulin on porcine granulosa cells cultured in vitro was investigated. Specific receptors for insulin with two classes of binding sites were present. No significant difference in receptor characteristics was observed between granulosa cells obtained from small (1-2 mm), medium (3-5 mm) or large (6-11 mm) follicles. Insulin (25 mIU/ml) augmented both basal and hCG-stimulated progesterone secretion. Insulin was also essential for hCG-stimulated morphological luteinization of cultured porcine granulosa cells obtained from small follicles. Furthermore, 2 h pre-incubation with insulin (100 mIU/ml) increased glucose incorporation by cultured porcine granulosa cells as determined by pulsing with D-[14C](U)-glucose. The same dose of insulin also stimulated the glucose-6-phosphate independent form of glycogen synthase. These results suggest that porcine granulosa cells possess insulin receptors and that insulin, mediated by its specific receptors, enhances glucose metabolism by stimulating glycogen synthase. Thus, insulin may play a pivotal role in morphological and functional differentiation of porcine granulosa cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical studies of autonomic hyperreflexia].

Autonomic hyperreflexia in 25 patients with spinal cord injury has been clinically analyzed. Nineteen of the patients (76%) suffered from neurogenic lesions above Th-5 and the rest (24%) below Th-6. The most frequent subjective symptom was sweating (22 patients), followed by headache, nausea and so forth. These symptoms were encountered mostly in patients with poor voiding efficiency and developed less than one year after the spinal cord injury. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure elevated with the distension of the bladder. At the maximum bladder capacity both systolic and diastolic pressure were 39% higher than that observed in the empty bladder. Regitin, 10 mg, given intravenously suppressed this elevation by two-thirds compared to the control. The treatment modality consisted of clean intermittent catheterization and external sphincterotomy, to prevent the over-stretching of the detrusor muscle, together with administration of alpha-adrenergic blockers and ganglionic blocking agent, which interrupt the efferent impulse. Twenty two of the patients (88%) were successfully controlled.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Vesico-uterine fistula: a case report and review].

A case of vesico-uterine fistula which occurred after cesarean section is reported. Sixty cases of vesico-uterine fistula, including this case, in the Japanese literature have been reviewed. We have made a discussion on the etiology, symptoms and treatment of these cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Ectopic ureterocele of an adult male].

A case of ectopic ureterocele in a 50-year-old male is reported. He was admitted to the hospital with complaints of miction pain, cloudy urine and fever attack. He had had pain at voiding from time to time during the past 10 years. The prostata was swollen, edematous and tender. Cystoscopy revealed a large bulge in the left trigone to bladder neck, and two ureteral orifices in the right, but none in the left. Complete duplication of the right ureter, lateral deviation of left ureter, and bladder deviation to the right were detected on the drip infusion pyelogram. An ectopic ureteral opening was present in the posterior urethra. A 5 Fr ureteral catheter inserted into this orifice revealed a dilated & tortuous left ureter which belonged to the left upper half kidney. No communication between the ureter & seminal vesicle was revealed by seminal vesiculography. Ureterectomy from left upper half kidney and resection of ureterocele were performed together with ureterovesicoanastomosis to drain urine from the left lower half of kidney.

Cystoscopy↗