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Biomedical subjects

T Otani

Publications and source records attributed to T Otani.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of a modified Stamey's endoscopic bladder neck suspension procedure for one hundred female patients with stress incontinence].

One hundred female patients with stress incontinence have been operated on by means of modified stamey's endoscopic bladder neck suspension procedure, i.e. quantifying the thread tension for bladder neck suspension. Twelve patients had 1,000 grams in the nylon loop, 5,800 grams, 9,700 grams, 25,600 grams and 49,400 grams. A follow-up period varied from 10 to 32 months (mean: 20.5 months). A 60-min pad-weighing test revealed urinary loss of 1.0 to 196.0 grams/hour (mean: 36.0) prior to operation. 1. The modified Stamey's procedure was successful in 95 patients (95%). The appropriate thread tension for bladder neck suspension was 400 grams. 2. Various complications were encountered: removal of unilateral nylon suture was necessitated in 2 patients, bleeding from operative wound in 2, bladder tamponade in 2, and clean intermittent catheterization for more than one month in 4. 3. Micturition parameters, i.e. maximum and average flow rates, temporarily got worse post-operatively. Maximum urethral closure pressure decreased and functional profile length elongated which were significantly different from those of pre-operative values. 4. Questionnaire sent to the patients revealed that 89 percent of them were satisfied with the operative results but 11 percent were not. 5. The modified Stamey's procedure is simple to perform and prevents over-tightness of nylon loops. We conclude that this operative method is the treatment of choice for correction of stress incontinence.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A new macromolecular antitumor antibiotic, C-1027. III. Antitumor activity.

C-1027, a new macromolecular antitumor antibiotic produced by Streptomyces globisporus C-1027, showed extremely potent cytotoxicity toward cultured cancer cells. Compared in terms of IC50 values, antibiotic C-1027 showed much more potent cytotoxicity than doxorubicin, mitomycin C and neocarzinostatin. Spermatogonial assay, a prescreen for anticancer drugs, was highly sensitive for detection of C-1027. At tolerable doses, C-1027 exhibited marked inhibition on a panel of transplantable tumors in mice, which included leukemia L1210, P388, ascites hepatoma H22, sarcoma 180 and melanoma Harding-Passey.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1989

New glutarimide antibiotics, S-632-B1 and B2. I. Taxonomy of producing strain, fermentation and biological properties.

Strain S-632 was found to produce new glutarimide antibiotics, S-632-B1 and B2, which were isolated from the culture fluid. A taxonomic study on strain S-632 was carried out, and the taxonomic characterization demonstrated that it belonged to the species Streptomyces hygroscopicus. The strain was given the name S. hygroscopicus S-632. These antibiotics were active against Saccharomyces sp., but inactive against filamentous fungi and bacteria, and had cytotoxic activity against KB tissue culture cells.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1989

New glutarimide antibiotics, S-632-B1 and B2. II. Isolation, physico-chemical properties and chemical structure.

Antifungal antibiotics S-632-A1,A2,B1 and B2 were extracted with ethyl acetate from the filtered broth of Streptomyces hygroscopicus S-632 and isolated through a combination of conventional and reversed-phase silica gel column chromatography. On the basis of the spectral data, S-632-B1 and B2 were found to be new members of the glutarimide family of antibiotics. The chemical structures of these components were elucidated as two stereo-isomers of 3-(5,7-dimethyl-8,9-epoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-6-decenyl)glutarimide.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on the transcriptional regulatory elements of the hCG beta gene cluster using a choriocarcinoma cell line which expresses hCG beta eutopically].

We previously identified the promoter region for hCG beta gene with mouse adrenal cell line Y1. However, it was not know why this cell line, which does not express hCG beta eutopically, expresses hCG beta when the gene is transfected exogenously. Therefore, to confirm the results obtained in Y1 cell experiments, it was important to establish a system in which the activity of hCG beta transcriptional regulatory elements can be tested in cells which express hCG beta eutopically. Here we report success in establishing such a system, using constructs containing hCG beta upstream elements in front of the promotorless chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene and also carrying the neomycin resistance gene. These constructs were transfected stably into JAr choriocarcinoma cells which express hCG beta eutopically. Then the expression of CAT in each transfected cell line was examined. The results of this experiment confirmed the presence of basic promoter elements within 78bp of the transcriptional initiation site, which we had suggested previously as a result of Y1 experiments. The results also suggest the existence of additional transcriptional regulatory elements further upstream. It was also confirmed that gene 7 is an inactive gene.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1989

[The role of epidemiologic research of the natural history of cancer for evaluating cancer screening programs--a prospective study of colorectal polyps on the occurrence of colorectal cancer].

In order to elucidate the natural history of colorectal polyps and to examine the effectiveness of endoscopic polypectomy in reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients who had undergone endoscopic examination at the Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka in 1970-82. The study subjects consist of 653 non-polyp cases and 431 colorectal polyp cases including 222 cases treated by endoscopic polypectomy. These were followed up until the end of 1985 by the method of a record linkage with the Osaka Cancer Registry's file. The colorectal polyp group and the endoscopic polypectomy group experienced 4.4 and 2.9 times, respectively, as much incidence of colorectal cancer as the non-polyp group. The magnitude of the prevented fraction by the use of endoscopic polypectomy was estimated at 31.3%. A large-scale and long-term study is necessary to elucidate the original study purpose.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Chemotherapeutic efficacy of ofloxacin against experimental pneumonia with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in guinea pigs.

The chemotherapeutic efficacy of ofloxacin against experimental pneumonia was investigated with special reference to its treatment regimen. A pneumonia model was successfully produced by inhalation of a virulent strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in guinea pigs immunosuppressed with cortisone acetate. One or 4 days after infection, the animals were treated orally with the fixed daily doses of ofloxacin either once a day or thrice a day for 3 consecutive days. Ofloxacin given thrice a day eliminated the organisms from the lung more efficiently than the equivalent total doses injected once a day in both series of treatment, starting 1 or 4 days after infection. The superiority of the triple dosing in chemotherapeutic efficacy of ofloxacin was found to be attributable at least to the longer retention of its pulmonary levels exceeding the antibiotic concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on the control mechanism of hCG beta gene expression--focusing on identification of promoter and other transcriptional regulatory elements].

hCG beta gene is composed of 6 genes or pseudogenes. To find which of these 6 genes are active and which are inactive, a cosmid clone containing the entire hCG beta gene cluster, which we had isolated previously, was separated into subclones containing each gene. Then they were transfected into mouse Y1 cells which express this gene efficiently. The result showed that genes 5, 3 and 8 are active and the rest are inactive. To identify the promoter region of gene 5, which is the most active gene, we created deletion mutants lacking various lengths of gene 5 upstream sequence. We made them either by using restriction endonuclease or Exonuclease III. We transfected them into Y1 cells and studied which part of the upstream sequence is required for hCG beta expression. The results of this experiment show that the promoter region for hCG beta is located within 78bp of the cap site and there are additional regulatory elements upstream. The information obtained here provides a foundation for analytical studies on nuclear factors binding to this region regulating hCG beta expression.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1988

Identification of a promoter region in the CG beta gene cluster.

To identify the promoter sequence(s) of the CG beta gene, genomic fragments derived from a cosmid containing the CG beta gene family were transfected into mouse Y1 adrenal cortical cells. Using this system, we showed that the CG beta genes 5, 3, and 8 have functional promoters, the basal element of which in the case of CG beta 5, was within 78 base pairs 5' ward from the CAP site. The size of the CG beta transcripts and identity of the transcription start site was the same for CG beta mRNA synthesized in Y1 cells as in first trimester placenta. The promoter region identified by this system was also capable of driving the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene when transfected stably into choriocarcinoma cells. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase constructs bearing variable length of 5'-flanking sequences from CG beta 5 and transfected into trophoblast cells suggest the presence of regulatory sequences within 700 base pairs from the CAP site. The information obtained here provide a foundation for studies of analyzing trans-acting placental and pituitary proteins to the defined CG beta promoter region.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Ureteral crossover method: animal experiment for correction of reflux.

The ureteral crossover method for the correction of bilateral vesicoureteral reflux, characterized by ureteral overlapping in the submucosal space and directing the submucosal tunnels toward a point other than the bladder neck, has been tested in 10 dogs. The operation was successful in 18 of 20 ureters (90%). This technique has two merits: (1) availability of a sufficient length of submucosal ureter without altering the original ureteral entrance bilaterally; and (2) easy ligation of the new orifices in the middle of the operative field. It is concluded that ureteral overlapping does not harm the ureteral physiology and that the surgical validity of this method has been verified.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A new macromolecular antitumor antibiotic, C-1027. I. Discovery, taxonomy of producing organism, fermentation and biological activity.

Strain C-1027, an actinomycete isolated from a soil sample collected in China, was found to produce the new antibiotic, C-1027. From taxonomical studies on its morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics, this antibiotic-producing strain was identified as Streptomyces globisporus C-1027. Antibiotic C-1027 has antimicrobial activity against most Gram-positive bacteria but not against Mycobacterium sp. or Gram-negative bacteria. This antibiotic shows remarkable activity in spermatogonial assay and potent cytotoxicity against KB carcinoma cells in vitro, and exhibits inhibition on transplantable tumors in mice.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1988

A new macromolecular antitumor antibiotic, C-1027. II. Isolation and physico-chemical properties.

A new macromolecular antibiotic C-1027 was obtained from the broth filtrate of Streptomyces globisporus C-1027 by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and gel filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G-75 column. This antibiotic, prepared as a white powder, is an acidic polypeptide having an isoelectric point of pH 3.5-3.7 and a molecular weight of 15,000 as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration chromatography. The acid hydrolysate of the purified antibiotic C-1027 contained no methionine or tryptophan. From the physico-chemical data, it may be considered to possess a very labile non-protein chromophore.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1988

[Female urethral carcinoma: results of irradiation in 2 patients].

Urethral carcinoma in 2 females has been treated with irradiation together with adjunct chemotherapy. In case 1, a 73-year-old female with squamous cell carcinoma was successfully treated with irradiation of 4,000 rad and peplomycin of 60 mg intravenously given. She has been free from the disease for the past 43 months. In case 2, a 61-year-old female with transitional cell carcinoma was initially treated with irradiation of 5,000 rad together with peplomycin 90 mg, which was followed by another 5,000 rad irradiation. The tumor recurred and the patient was operated on for cystourethrectomy and partial resection of the vagina. A further chemotherapy of cisplatin, peplomycin, and mitomycin C was instituted. She died of the tumor recurrence 23 months after the first visit to our clinic. Diagnosis and treatment modalities on the female urethral carcinoma are briefly discussed.

Aged↗