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Biomedical subjects

T Ono

Publications and source records attributed to T Ono.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Cellular mechanisms of transformation of BALB/3T3 A31-1-1 cells [corrected] by gamma-irradiation.

In order to clarify the mechanism of transformation, the effect of cell generation number on the time of appearance of transformed cells was examined in gamma-ray-irradiated BALB/3T3 A31-1-1 cells. The results showed that an increased number of cell generations (produced by seeding of cells at lower cell densities as well as under dispersed conditions) was important for increasing the rate of transformation. By a procedure in which irradiated cells in dishes were dispersed by trypsinization and recultured in the original dishes after cultivation for a certain number of days, we expected to establish the so-called "expression period." The rationale was that the number of transformed foci would increase after the appearance of a transformed cell due to its expansion. The expression period was shown to be 1.5 weeks on average. The time of appearance of transformed cells, however, varied from as early as about 1 week to 2.5 weeks. When cells were seeded at higher or lower cell densities and examined by the technique of dispersion and reculture, the expression periods were almost the same. Thus, it is probable that transformed cells can appear before or after the confluent state is reached.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Induction of gametocytogenesis in Plasmodium falciparum by the culture supernatant of hybridoma cells producing anti-P. falciparum antibody.

There have been many unsuccessful attempts to induce gametocytogenesis in vitro. In the present experiment, however, we found that RPMI-CS medium and RPMI-FS medium prepared by dissolving powdered RPMI 1640 medium in the culture supernatants of hybridoma cells, hybrid line D21 and 219.5, respectively, that produce anti-P. falciparum antibody induced gametocytogenesis. Gametocytogenesis was consistently observed from 3 days after addition of these media. The culture supernatant of anti-P. falciparum antibody producing hybridoma cells did not induce gametocytogenesis in the absence of RPMI 1640 medium. RPMI-MS medium, prepared by dissolving powdered RPMI 1640 medium in the culture supernatant of myeloma cells, SP2/O-Ag 14, which was used as a control, induced a few gametocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Ependymal cyst--case report].

An eleven-month-old male infant with an ependymal cyst is reported. He was born after full-term pregnancy and vacuum extraction. His growth and development was somewhat retarded and he could control his head at the age of five months. He was admitted to our hospital because of the enlargement of his head and the paretic right upper limb. On admission he was found to be a well-nourished infant with the head circumference of 54.5 cm and the height of 75.5 cm. Physical examination disclosed slight weakness in the right upper extremity but no signs of increased intracranial pressure. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a huge low density area in the left frontoparietooccipital region which extended to the right across the midline. Another low density area was seen in the quadrigeminal cistern. CT findings also suggested an association with agenesis of the corpus callosum. The huge supratentorial cyst was isolated from the ventricles and subarachnoid space, which was shown by administration of metrizamide into the cyst. Carotid angiograms showed displacement of both anterior cerebral arteries to the right, which were dissociated from each other. This fact and an association with agenesis of the corpus callosum supported the idea that the cyst originiated in the interhemispheric fissure and expanded into both hemispheres. Cyst fluid was watery clear and protein and sugar contents were 13 mg/dl and 56 mg/dl respectively. The patient underwent a left frontal craniotomy and partial removal of the cyst wall was performed to make a communication with the ventricle. His postoperative course was uneventful and the weakness of the right upper extremity gradually improved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1986

Effect of experimentally induced calcium deficiency on development, metabolism and liver morphogenesis of the chick embryo.

To study the effects of systemic calcium deficiency on embryonic development, chick embryos maintained in long-term shell-less cultures were compared to control embryos incubated in ovo with respect to various parameters of metabolism and growth. After incubation day 14, retarded growth and development were apparent in shell-less embryos which exhibited severe hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia. A development-specific necrosis of the liver tissues was observed in both shell-less and control embryos, but the frequency and extent of tissue abnormality were significantly greater in the former. Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were considerably elevated in shell-less embryos. Electrophoretic analysis revealed that the relative levels of two major serum proteins were also altered in shell-less embryos.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Scanning electron microscopic studies on microvascular architecture of human coronary vessels by corrosion casts: normal and focal necrosis.

Microvascular architecture of the normal human heart and myocardial focal necrosis were studied by scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts. Casts macroscopically identical in form to the left ventricular posterior wall were prepared. The following results were obtained in the normal human heart. Most of the arterioles communicated with capillary plexuses smoothly and straightforwardly in the left ventricular posterior free wall. Arterioles which branched from the arteries ran in various directions and continued into capillaries either at right angles or obliquely in the trabeculae carneae. Capillaries running parallel with the cardiac muscle fibers ran in different directions to cross over with each other in different layers of myocardium. Capillaries in the myocardium formed a continuous and coarse net-like architecture with many bifurcations and anastomoses. Capillaries were about 5-7 micron in diameter. Some veins gathering capillaries in the epicardium ran into the myocardium and the others ran in the epicardium. Veins connecting with capillaries in the myocardium ran in the myocardial layer and communicated with larger veins. An arterio-venous anastomosis and two different types of venous-venous anastomoses were observed in the left ventricular posterior wall. At the site of focal necrosis, cross sections of dilated vessels were observed in large numbers by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. At the site of focal necrosis, dilated capillaries running with tortuosity were seen in large numbers by scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts. When compared with vessels in the normal myocardium, small arterial branches were dilated and run tortuously. These dilated capillary plexuses were observed in the area which communicated with twigs branching off at the right angle from the arterial branch.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1986

Regulation of extraembryonic calcium mobilization by the developing chick embryo.

During development, the chick embryo mobilizes the calcium it needs from two extraembryonic sources, first the yolk and then the eggshell. Since previous studies have strongly suggested that vitamins D and K may regulate chick embryonic calcium metabolism, we have examined here how these vitamins might be involved in regulating the calcium mobilization processes. We used as our experimental system chick embryos which were maintained in long-term in vitro culture in the absence of the eggshell. Our results showed that exogenous vitamin D3, in the form of the active 1,25-dihydroxylated metabolite, was hypercalcaemic in both control embryos and the calcium-deficient, shell-less embryos. Since the eggshell was absent in the latter, the vitamin D-induced hypercalcaemia must involve mobilization of calcium from the yolk and, or, the embryonic skeleton. The latter was unlikely since concomitant hyperphosphataemia was not observed. By radiolabelling the yolk with 45Ca2+ and subsequently monitoring its distribution, we showed that vitamin D3 stimulated yolk calcium mobilization. However, exogenous vitamin D3 did not appear to influence the calcium uptake activity of the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), the tissue responsible for translocating eggshell calcium. On the other hand, when embryos were rendered vitamin K deficient by the administration of its antagonist, Warfarin, CAM calcium activity was significantly depressed, an effect which was remedied by vitamin K supplementation. We conclude that, during normal chick embryonic development, vitamin D is primarily involved in regulating yolk calcium mobilization whereas vitamin K is required for eggshell calcium translocation by the CAM.

Allantois↗
PubMed1985

Learning and integration of rewarding and aversive stimuli in the rat lateral hypothalamus.

Single neuron activity was recorded in the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) and lateral preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (IPOA-AHA) of the rat during discrimination learning of cue tones that predicted glucose or intracranial self-stimulation as rewarding stimuli, or electric shock or tail pinch as aversive stimuli, using identical behavior, licking. Rewarding and aversive stimuli had opposite effects on the same LHA neurons, but had the same effects on IPOA-AHA neurons. Neurons in the LHA that differentiated between reward and aversion acquired discrimination of the respective cue tones, while IPOA-AHA neurons responded in the same way to cue tones whether they preceded reward or aversion. The results suggest reward- and aversion-related integrative functions in the LHA and arousal or attentional functions in the IPOA-AHA.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Fucosylation of serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

alpha-Fetoprotein specimens were prepared from the sera of four patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The lentil lectin-reactive and lectin-nonreactive variants of this glycoprotein were also prepared from the serum of one of the four patients by affinity chromatography with immobilized lectin. The correlation between the carbohydrate structure of these compounds and their reactivity in crossed immuno-affinoelectrophoresis with lentil lectin was studied by chemical analysis and affinity chromatography of the glycopeptides with lectin columns. It was found that the lentil lectin-reactive variant contained a carbohydrate chain of the fucosylated biantennary complex type. These data together with previous findings indicate that most of the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma have an elevated serum concentration of fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1985

Initiation of angiogenesis by porcine follicular fluid.

Angiogenesis was observed and measured after injection of porcine follicular fluid into rabbit corneas. A qualitative response (0 to 6+) and quantitative measurement (mm/day) were obtained 9 days after injection. Undiluted porcine follicular fluid stimulated angiogenesis with new blood vessels visible by the third day after injection, extending 2.0 to 3.0 mm into the site of injection from the corneal scleral limbus (1 to 4+) by day 9. Angiogenic activity was consistently found in fractions of porcine follicular fluid which precipitated in 20% to 40% saturated ammonium sulfate. Sephadex gel filtration of the 20% to 40% saturated ammonium sulfate fraction resulted in fractions with molecular weights of 45,000 to 60,000 and less than or equal to 1500 daltons which stimulated angiogenesis. Charcoal treatment of active fractions did not remove angiogenic activity. Angiogenic activity was retained after heating at 56 degrees C for 1 hour but was lost after boiling (20 minutes). Quantitative measurements of chemotaxis with use of Boyden chambers and mitogenesis by means of tritiated thymidine incorporation were performed. Follicular fluid from small follicles contained greater chemotactic activity than follicular fluid from medium or large follicles. The 20% to 40% saturated ammonium sulfate precipitate that eluted through Sephadex G-100 with a molecular weight of 45,000 to 60,000 daltons contained angiogenic, mitogenic, and chemotactic activity. In conclusion, porcine follicular fluid contains angiogenic factors that may be associated with perifollicular neovascularization during folliculogenesis.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1985

Monkey substantia nigra (pars reticulata) neuron discharges during operant feeding.

Unit activity in the substantia nigra pars reticulata was recorded during monkey bar-press feeding behavior. Activity of one-third of neurons was related to motor execution such as arm extension, flexion and bar-pressing, but not to motor preparation. Motor-related neurons were distributed mainly in the rostrolateral part of the nucleus. More than one-third responded during feeding and/or drinking acts and to intra- or perioral sensory stimuli. These ingestion-related neurons were distributed mainly in the caudomedial part of the nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Immunochemical relatedness between secretory phospholipase A2 and intracellular phospholipase A2.

The immunochemical relationship between rat pancreatic phospholipase A2 and rat splenic phospholipase A2 was examined with the use of anti-rat pancreatic phospholipase A2 antibody as a probe. The immunoelectrophoretic patterns showed that the antibody cross-reacted with the splenic enzyme. The immuno-crossreactivity was also shown by counter immunoelectrophoresis. The splenic phospholipase A2, whether it was purified from the cytosolic fraction or the microsomal fraction, formed an immunoprecipitin band with the anti-pancreatic phospholipase A2 antibody. The antibody was shown to inhibit the activity of the pancreatic phospholipase A2 as well as that of the splenic phospholipase A2.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Integrated lateral hypothalamic neural responses to natural and artificial rewards and cue signals in the rat.

Effects of natural and intracranial electrical rewarding stimuli and cue signals were investigated while recording from single neurons in the rat lateral hypothalamus. The rat obtained both rewards using identical behavior, viz. licking. When both rewarding stimuli influenced a neuron, the responses were usually similar, i.e. both excitatory or both inhibitory. Only neurons that responded to either or both rewards acquired responses to tone cues, and these acquired responses were in the same direction as reward responses. The data indicate that the same single neuron in the lateral hypothalamus might be implicated in reward processes and learning.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1985

Isolation and characterization of fatty acid-binding protein from rat brain.

A fatty acid-binding protein has been identified and isolated from the cytosol fraction of rat brain. The fatty acid-binding protein was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration and preparative isoelectric focusing. The binding protein was different from Z protein from rat liver in its isoelectric point and immunological reactivity, in spite of its similar molecular weight of 12,000. Rabbit antibodies against rat liver Z protein were used to demonstrate that the fatty acid-binding proteins from rat liver and brain are immunologically unrelated, and that no Z protein is present in rat brain cytosol.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Fine-granular cationic iron colloid. Its preparation, physicochemical characteristics and histochemical use for the detection of ionized anionic groups.

In order to obtain distinct and reliable information concerning the localization of ionized anionic groups in tissues, fine-granular cationic ferric hydroxide colloid solution (Fe-Cac-f) was newly devised. This can be obtained by boiling a mixture of ferric chloride and ammonium cacodylate solutions. The colloid particles of Fe-Cac-f are about 1.0 nm in size, i.e., one-fifth of the size of ferric cacodylate colloid (Fe-Cac; Seno et al. 1983a). As with Fe-Cac, Fe-Cac-f particles in the pH range of 1.6-7.6 carry a positive electric charge, but the latter show a better permeation of tissues. Using the Prussian blue reaction, Fe-Cac-f gives a distinct deep-blue color and can be used for the detection of anionic groups of acid mucopolysaccharides and proteins by light microscopy. It is also useful for detecting the exact sites of ionized anionic groups in deep tissue areas using electron microscopy.

Animals↗