Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Onishi

Publications and source records attributed to T Onishi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[A clinical study of decreased bone density in the patients treated with long-term luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue (LHRH-a)--the risk of iatrogenic osteoporosis due to treatment of carcinoma of prostate].

BACKGROUND: It is well known that androgens play an important role in bone metabolism and male hypogonadism induce osteoporosis. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LHRH-a) which is essential for conservative therapy of prostatic carcinoma (CaP) ultimately reduces circulating testosterone to castration levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of decrease of bone mineral density in men receiving LHRH-a for CaP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-three man with CaP aged 63 to 95 years (mean 75.5 years) were included in this study. Seven patients received LHRH-a with estrogen drug, forty-six patients received LHRH-a with or without anti androgen drug. To estimate patient's bone density we use the second metacarpal bone density using a microdensitometry method. RESULTS: Blood level of sex hormone of the forty-six patients who were received LHRH-a without estrogen, was the same as that of castration. Patients who were treated more than twelve months had less bone density than patients who were treated less than eleven months. As the duration of medical castration period was prolonged, patients bone density were reduced. Whereas seven patients who received estrogen drug did not find a decrease of bone density regardless of duration of treatment period. CONCLUSIONS: Hypogonadism induced LHRH-a also reduce bone density, so there is a risk of iatrogenic osteoporosis caused by therapy for CaP with LHRH-a. Patients with osteoporosis easily suffer from a much complicated and pernicious bone fracture, so we should measure bone density of male patients same as female treated with LHRH-a for a long-term.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in patients with coagulopathies: report of three cases].

We describe our experience with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in three patients with coagulation disorders (one case of hemophilia A, and two cases of thromboasthenia). We successfully performed ESWL using factor VIII or transfusion of platelets without any severe hemorrhagic complications, such as perirenal and subcapsural hematomas. We consider that adequate supplement of coagulation factor or platelets may lower the risk of hemorrhagic complications in coagulopathic patients who undergo ESWL.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Temperature control for kinetic refolding of heat-denatured ovalbumin.

The folding of heat-denatured ovalbumin, a non-inhibitory serpin with a molecular size of 45 kDa, was examined. Ovalbumin was heat-denatured at 80 degrees C under nonreducing conditions at pH 7.5 and then cooled either slowly or rapidly. Slow cooling allowed the heat-denatured ovalbumin to refold to its native structure with subsequent resistance to digestion by trypsin. Upon rapid cooling, by contrast, the heat-denatured molecules assumed the metastable non-native conformations that were susceptible to trypsin. The non-native species were marginally stable for several days at a low temperature, but the molecules were transformed slowly into the native conformation. Considering data from size-exclusion chromatography and from analyses of CD, intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, and adsorption of the dye 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate, we postulated that the non-native species that accumulated upon rapid cooling were compact but structureless globules with disordered side chains collectively as a folding intermediate. Temperature-jumped CD experiments revealed biphasic kinetics for the refolding process of heat-denatured ovalbumin, with the features of increasing and subsequently decreasing amplitude of the rapid and the slow phases, respectively, with the decrease in folding temperature. The temperature dependence of the refolding kinetics indicated that the yield of renaturation was maximal at about 55 degrees C. These findings suggested the kinetic partitioning of heat-denatured ovalbumin between alternative fates, slow renaturation to the native state and rapid collapse to the metastable intermediate state. Analysis of disulfide pairing revealed the formation of a scrambled form with non-native disulfide interactions in both the heat-denatured state and the intermediate state that accumulated upon rapid cooling, suggesting that non-native disulfide pairing is responsible for the kinetic barriers that retard the correct folding of ovalbumin.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Dogs develop resistance to Rhipicephalus sanguineus.

The capacity of Beagle dogs to develop resistance against infestation by adult females of Rhipicephalus sanguineus was investigated. The number of successive engorged females recovered from dogs at the second infestation of the tick was significantly less than at the first infestation. However, there were no significant differences in body weight, body length, body width of engorged females, feeding behavior, preoviposition periods or egg weight.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Incidence of urolithiasis in northeast Thailand.

BACKGROUND: Urolithiasis is a major health problem in the northeast part of Thailand. In this study, we examined the prevalence of renal stone disease and differences of urinary components between stone formers and healthy control subjects in northeastern rural areas of Thailand. METHODS: We selected 3 villages in the rural areas of Khon Kaen province in northeast Thailand. Three hundred and sixty-seven persons were asked questions relating to urolithiasis and were examined by abdominal ultrasound (US). We collected a spot urine sample from stone formers and healthy control subjects from each village. RESULTS: Abnormal findings by US were detected in 39 individuals (10.6%), and included 31 individuals with renal calculi (8.4%), 16 with hydronephrosis (4.4%), and 1 individual with a renal cyst (0.3%). This yielded a disease rate of urinary stones in this study of 16.9%. The male/female ratio was 2/1 and the average age of the individuals examined was 40.3 +/- 13.9 years. However, there was no significant difference between the urinary parameters of stone formers and the healthy control subjects. CONCLUSION: There was a high incidence of renal stone disease in the northeast part of Thailand, but the tendency for hypocitraturia was only found in stone formers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Expression of p27Kip1 in osteoblast-like cells during differentiation with parathyroid hormone.

PTH is a major systemic regulator of bone metabolism and plays an important role in both bone formation and resorption. PTH either inhibits or stimulates osteoblastic cell proliferation depending on the model that is studied. We analyzed the cell cycle of the UMR-106 cell line, a relatively differentiated osteoblastic osteogenic sarcoma line in which PTH is known to inhibit proliferation but the mechanism of action is unknown. PTH decreased the proportion of cells in S phase and increased the number of G1 phase cells. We examined the effect of PTH on the regulators of the G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinases and found that PTH increased p27Kip1, but not p21Cip1, levels. This effect was mimicked by 8-bromo-cAMP, but not by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The protein kinase A inhibitor KT5720 abolished the effect of PTH on the increase in p27Kip1 expression. PTH increased CDK2-associated p27Kip1 without affecting the levels of CDK2. CDK2 activity was down-regulated by both PTH and 8-bromo-cAMP treatment. These data suggest that PTH blocks entry of cells into S phase and inhibits cell proliferation as the consequence of an increase in p27Kip1, which is mediated through the protein kinase A pathway. The inhibition of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases by p27Kip1 could cause a reduction of phosphorylation of key substrates and inactivation of transcription factors essential for entry into S phase. The inhibition of cell cycle progression through PKA-mediated p27Kip1 induction might play an important role in PTH-induced differentiation of osteoblasts.

8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1997

Effect of simultaneous bilateral tibial nerve stimulation on somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) in dogs.

Since somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) by hindlimb nerve stimulation are known to ascend bilaterally in the spinal cord, it was investigated whether or not simultaneous bilateral stimulation causes facilitation or inhibition of the stimuli. In an experiment using 36 adult Beagle dogs, the difference between simultaneous bilateral stimulation and unilateral stimulation was studied as to latencies and amplitudes. No significant difference was noted. However, the detection of far-field potentials by bilateral stimulation was not effective in which case far-field potentials did not recorded by unilateral stimulation. It was therefore confirmed that simultaneous bilateral stimulation does not cause facilitation or inhibition in the relay pathways, and does not affect the latency.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The mitogenic effect of parathyroid hormone is associated with E2F-dependent activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (cdc2) in osteoblast precursors.

Injections of parathyroid hormone (PTH) have been reported to stimulate skeletal accretion through increased bone formation in several species, and osteoblast proliferation is a critical component of bone formation. However, the biological mechanisms of PTH-stimulated bone cell proliferation are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that PTH stimulates proliferation of the osteoblast precursor cell line, TE-85, in association with increasing cdc2 protein levels and its kinase activity. cdc2 antisense oligonucleotides blocked PTH-induced DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. Analysis of the time course of PTH-stimulated cdc2 message levels demonstrated that cdc2 mRNA levels were increased 1.5- to 4-fold between 3-18 h following release from cell synchronization. Transfections of TE-85 cells with a series of cdc2 promoter-luciferase deletion constructs revealed PTH stimulation of the cdc2 promoter. Promoter constructs containing a mutation in the E2F binding site were not stimulated by PTH. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrated increased free E2F levels in TE-85 nuclear extracts in response to PTH. Furthermore, the ratios of hyperphosphorylated to hypophosphorylated forms of Rb protein were increased by PTH treatment. These results demonstrate that PTH-stimulated cdc2 expression was associated with TE-85 cell proliferation and that the mechanism of stimulating cdc2 gene expression involved increasing the levels of free E2F.

CDC2 Protein Kinase↗
PubMed1997

[Cerebral infarction and asymptomatic arteriosclerosis obliterans in the elderly].

We examined the associations between cerebral infarction (CI), asymptomatic arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO), and known risk factors for these diseases. The subjects were 67 elderly patients (11 men and 56 women, mean +/- SD age of 79.6 +/- 8.5 years). in 44 patients CI was diagnosed by CT scan; 23 were classified as having cortical infarction and 21 as having lacunar infarction. In 41 patients asymptomatic ASO was diagnosed by an ankle-pressure index (API) of less than 0.9. To identify risk factors for these diseases, we examined the association among these diseases and hypertension (blood pressure > or = 140/90 mmHg), hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol concentration > or = 220 mg/dl), hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride concentration > or = 150 mg/dl), low HDL-cholesterolemia (HDL-C concentration < 40 mg/dl), high LDL-cholesterolemia (LDL-C concentration > or = 150 mg/dl), and glucose intolerance (fasting blood sugar concentration > or = 110 mg/dl). The incidence of asymptomatic ASO in the subjects with CI was significantly higher than that in the subjects without CI (chi 2 test; p < 0.05, odds ratio 6.4), including cortical infarction (p < 0.05, odds ratio 8.9) and lacunar infarction (p < 0.05, odds ratio 3.8). Patients with lacunar infarction were more likely to have hypertension than were controls (p < 0.05). Cortical infarction was not associated with these risk factors. Both low HDL-C and high LDL-G were more common in patients with asymptomatic ASO than patients without asymptomatic ASO (p < 0.05). These results indicate that CI and asymptomatic ASO are strongly associated in the elderly, especially in subjects with cortical infarction, and that aging itself contributes to cortical infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Serum bone Gla-protein increases following short-term oral administration of active vitamin D3 in the elderly with vitamin D deficiency].

Serum bone Gla-protein (BGP) is produced by osteoblasts in a vitamin K-dependent process. It is well known that serum BGP levels increase after oral administration of active vitamin D3 in postmenopausal women and patients with chronic renal failure before dialysis. These findings indicate that active vitamin D3 increases the BGP production by osteoblasts. In the present study, a daily oral dose of 2 micrograms of 1 alpha (OH)D3 was administered to 10 elderly males (age, 75.0 +/- 10.9 years) and 8 young males (age, 29.0 +/- 3.2 years) to compare the changes in serum BGP levels between the two groups. None of the subjects had severe renal or hepatic dysfunction or abnormalities in calcium (Ca) metabolism. Serum BGP and 1,25(OH)2D levels in both groups were measured before the initial administration, at 24 h and at 1, 2 and 3 weeks after the start of administration. Serum parathyroid hormone (m-PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Ca and phosphorus levels were also measured in the elderly group. Serum BGP levels before the initial administration were 4.63 +/- 1.8 ng/ml in the elderly group and 4.33 +/- 0.92 ng/ml in the young group, with no significant difference between the two groups. In both group serum 1,25(OH)2D levels were slightly increased at 24 h after administration. In the elderly group serum BGP levels increased significantly to 11.5 +/- 3.0 ng/ml, an increase of approximately 250%, 1 week after the initial administration and the increase was maintained for up to 3 weeks after the administration commenced. However, no changes in serum BGP levels were noted in the young group. In the elderly group serum m-PTH levels were 544 +/- 257 pg/ml, almost the upper normal limit, before, and decreased slightly after, the administration of 1 alpha (OH)D3. Serum ALP levels also decreased slightly after the administration and serum Ca levels were slightly increased, however, the changes were within normal limits. We conclude that osteoblastic function is activated after short-term administration of active vitamin D3 in vitamin D deficient elderly subjects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

[A study of the clinical effect of hormone replacement therapy for patients with stress incontinence].

BACKGROUND: Our purpose was to clarify the effect of hormone replacement therapy (H.R.T.) for patients with stress incontinence. METHODS: We investigated 25 postmenopausal women, age 54-73 years, with a leakage volume is less than 15 g/day. In this study 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen and 2.5 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate were administrated for a total of 4 months. A clinical evaluation, measurement of volume of leakage per day and urodynamic evaluation (urethral pressure profile) were performed three times at pre administration, and at 2 months and 4 months after administration. RESULTS: Five of the 24 patients (20.8%) were improved significantly both clinically and urodynamically. Six patients (25.0%) improved clinically, and two patients (8.3%) improved urodynamically, the remaining 11 patients (45.8%) showed no change. Side effects occurred in eight cases. In one patient, it was necessary to stop administration due to severe irregular genital bleeding and leukorrhea, and in one patient the dosage was reduced due to swelling of breasts. The side effects of swelling of breasts and genital bleeding were relatively mild in the remaining six patients and they could continue H.R.T. administration. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that H.R.T. for patients with stress incontinence is not necessarily superior to the other non surgical methods. However, it may provide an alternative treatment method for incontinence.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Study of the effects of treatment with interferon for the advanced renal cell carcinoma based upon the survival rate].

BACKGROUND: There is no consistent acknowledgment with the effects of the prolongation of survival for the advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with interferon (IFN). Therefore, we tried to study on the effects of such prolongation of survival for the advanced RCC through the comparative analysis between the patients treated with IFN and the patients treated with other treatment modalities in the past years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We differentiated the patients treated with IFN (recurrent patients after nephrectomy as Group I, and patients with stage 4B as Group II) from the patients treated with other modalities (recurrent patients after nephrectomy as Group III, and patients with stage 4B and Group IV). We compared the survival rate between the two groups (Groups I vs III, and Groups II vs IV). RESULTS: Regarding the various factors affecting prognosis of RCC, no significant difference was observed among these groups. 1) There observed a significantly favorable survival rate in the Group I compared with the Group III, and the same result was observed in the Group II compared with the Group IV. 2) In the patients with performance status (P.S.) 0 and low grade, there observed a significantly favourable survival rate in the Group I compared with the Group III, and the same result was observed in the Group II compared with the Group IV. Furthermore, in the patients with low stage, the Group I showed a significantly favourable survival rate compared with the Group III. 3) In the study on the number of metastatic organs (1, 2 and 3 organs or more), there observed a significantly favourable survival rate in the Group I compared with the Group III for all numbers of the metastatic organs. The same result was observed in the group II compared with the Group IV, except for the patient with 3 organs or more. Regarding the operative procedures for the metastatic side, the patients who did not receive the operative procedures showed a significantly favourable survival rate in the Group I compared with the Group III. The same result was observed in the Group II compared with the Group IV. 4) As to the survival rate based upon the response rate, only the patients with no change (N.C.) showed a significantly favourable survival rate in the Group I compared with the Group III. The same result was observed in the Group II compared with the Group IV. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the treatment with IFN for the advanced RCC would much contribute to the prolongation of the survival in comparison with the previous patients who received other treatments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Case report on the patient who showed a primary lung carcinoma accompanied with lung metastasis from renal cell carcinoma simultaneously during the clinical follow-up].

BACKGROUND: We have studied on the patient who showed a primary lung carcinoma and microscopic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma simultaneously after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. PATIENT: A 57-year-old man who had an incidentally discovered right renal cell carcinoma at the time of the examination of different disease, and received nephrectomy. Two years and four months after nephrectomy, a solitary primary lung carcinoma was found. Therefore, he received lobectomy. Histopathological examination revealed that the lung tumour was a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and peripheral lesions of the lung tumour, it was also discovered small clear-cell carcinoma simultaneously. At that time, we could not diagnose this carcinoma as a metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Nine months after lobectomy, new coin lesions were appeared in the lung. Therefore, we diagnosed a minimum clear lesion which was found nine months ago was metastatic renal cell carcinoma clinically. At present, the patient receives interferon-alpha therapy. RESULTS: As a result, we diagnosed primary lung carcinoma and small metastatic renal cell carcinoma simultaneously. However, the latter diagnosis could be obtained through the progression of the disease. CONCLUSION: We conclude that we must give heed to the patients with new cancerous lesions histologically when the patients treated of cancer previously.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed1997

[Ultrastructural study of lens in rat hereditary cataract by quick-freezing and deep-etching].

The cytoskeleton of lens fiber cells in rats with hereditary cataract (ICR/f) was studied by quick-freezing and deep-etching. Two kinds of filamentous structure with diameters of 5 and 10 approximately 15 nm were observed in the cortical fiber cells. They showed meshwork structures which were buried in globular particles. These filamentous structures were mostly absent in the nucleus fiber cells, but aggregated and fused globular particles with diameters of 10 approximately 20 nm were observed. Small cavities were sometimes observed in their cytoplasm. Between lens fiber cells, many globular structures were also seen. These changes might represent the degeneration of the lens fiber cells in cataract lenses.

Animals↗