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Biomedical subjects

T Omae

Publications and source records attributed to T Omae.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Immediate hemodynamic response to SQ 14225 (Captopril) in hypertensive and normotensive hemodialysis patients.

The acute effects of 50 mg of SQ 14225 (Captopril) on arterial pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance (TPR) and plasma renin activity (PRA) were studied in 14 chronic hemodialysis patients, six of whom were hypertensive. Before treatment, TPR index (TPRI) correlated significantly with mean arterial pressure (MAP) (r = 0.806, P less than 0.01). After Captopril, the reduction of MAP was 10% or more in hypertensive and normotensive subjects at 30 and 120 min. The percentage change in MAP correlated significantly with that in TPRI in all the patients at 30 (r = 0.872, P less than 0.01) and 120 min (r = 0.866, P less than 0.01). There was no correlation between either the changes in cardiac index or the basal values of PRA and the decrease in MAP. The result suggests that vasodilatation was primarily responsible for the fall in blood pressure in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Captopril (SQ 14225) clearance during hemodialysis treatment.

The clearance of Captopril (SQ 14225) was examined in six hemodialysis patients, using a newly developed method for the determination of Captopril in blood. At 30 minutes after the start of hemodialysis, the clearance of Captopril was 80 +/- 14.2 ml/min, whereas that of creatinine was 123.4 +/- 8.8 ml/min and that of BUN was 144.1 +/- 7.2 ml/min. The blood concentration of Captopril was found to be lower when taken in a postprandial state than in a fasting state.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Primary hypothyroidism as a possible cause of hypertension from long-term follow-up studies of patients with Graves' disease (author's transl)].

In order to study the prognosis of Graves' disease, 236 patients, who had been diagnosed as having had Graves' disease more than 10 years before, were examined. Although one patient had died of leukemia and 2 patients had been operated on for breast cancer after 131I therapy, and another 6 patients had died between the ages of 20 and 50, the patients were doing quite well. Generally, the prognosis of Graves' disease is not considered to be serious if the thyroid function is controlled. Among the 72 patients who had been treated with 131I therapy, 15 patients (21%) showed low serum levels of both T3 and T4 and were considered to be suffering from late-onset hypothyroidism. About 67% of the 131I-treated patients were considered to be almost euthyroid, but serum TSH levels were high in half of them, suggesting latent hypothyroidism. The incidence of hypertension seemed to be significantly higher in the TSH-elevated euthyroid group compared with the TSH-nonelevated patients. An excessive reaction of the hypothalamus and/or pituitary gland might have an unfavorable effect not only on the apparent hypothyroidism, but also on the latent hypothyroidism after the therapy for Graves' disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Response of cortical and pial arteries to changes of arterial CO2 tension in rats--a morphometric study.

Changes of the internal (d) and external diameter (D) of cerebral arteries in response to the various levels of arterial pCO2 were studied in anesthetized rats, of which brains were frozen in situ with isopentane cooled in liquid nitrogen. The parietal cortex was fixed with osmium tetroxide and stained with toluidine blue for morphometry of the cerebral arteries. In comparison with control animals (pCO2 = 41.2 mm Hg), the d/D ratio in animals with hypercapnia (pCO2 = 69.9 mm Hg) was increased by 11.7% in the pial arteries and 7.9% in the cortical arteries, indicating vasodilatation. In contrast, the d/D ratio in those with hypocapnia (pCO2 = 27.7 mm Hg) was decreased by 6.2% and 13.0%, respectively, indicating vasoconstriction. There was a significant linear correlation existing between the d/D ratio of either pial or cortical arteries and pCO2. It is concluded that the cortical arteries respond to changes of arterial pCO2 in a similar manner to the pial arteries.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats as an experimental model of malignant hypertension. I. A light- and electron-microscopic study of the brain.

A pathological study of the brain of the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRSP) rats revealed development of fibrinoid necrosis of the wall of the intracerebral arterioles. These arterioles were frequently accompanied by occlusion of the lumen, and occasionally intracerebral hemorrhages and mincroinfarcts. The predominant tissue alteration consisted of rarefaction and cyst formation in the white matter, and rarefaction of the neuropil and preserved neurons in the neocortex at the paramedian region of the cerebral hemispheres. Edema fluid was present in and around the lesions. The tissue degeneration can be interpreted to be the sequela of brain edema. Microinfarcts or hemorrhages are only focal lesions, and are assumed to have minor contribution to the brain swelling. Widespread expansion of the extracellular space is assumed to be responsible for the brain swelling. Overall vascular changes of the brain, kidney, and other organs were consistent with those found in malignant hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructural changes of renal tubules in the riboflavin deficient mouse.

Ultrastructural changes of the tubular epithelium in the mouse kidney produced by dietary riboflavin deficiency were studied by electron microscopy and cytochemistry. In riboflavin deficient mouse kidney, the ultrastructural changes are localized to the pars recta of the proximal tubule. They comprise so called vacuolar degeneration on light microscopy, which consists of the formation of giant mitochondria and vacuoles. During the development of riboflavin deficiency, mitochondria decrease in number and enlarge in size through fusion. Sometimes they are larger than nuclei in size. The vacuoles observed in tubular epithelia are divided into two different groups according to their morphological characteristics and origins. One is derived from proliferated peroxisomes, and another from increased cytoplasmic bodies termed cytosomes and cytosegresomes. These increased vacuoles occupy almost all of cytoplasm. Cytochemical studies also reveal that these vacuoles are peroxisomes and lysosomes. These changes are reversible on supplementation with riboflavin.

Animals↗