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Biomedical subjects

T Ohkawa

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohkawa.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Correlations of some physical variables with REM sleep and slow wave sleep in man.

Polysomnographic recordings were taken on 11 healthy male students aged 19-23 years. The correlations were examined between the various physical variables and the appearance rates of REM sleep and slow wave sleep (SWS). The height showed a significant inverse correlation with %st.4 sleep and with %SWS and the plantar length with %SWS. The body weight and chest circumference showed a significant inverse correlation with %REM sleep. The weight/height ratio tended toward an inverse correlation with %REM sleep. Both the body surface area and basal metabolic rate showed a significant inverse correlation with %st.4 and %REM sleep. There was no significant correlation between the total sleep time and each physical variable. From these results the roles of REM sleep and slow wave sleep in man were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Development of parathyroid adenoma in a case of chronic renal failure suggesting tertiary hyperparathyroidism.

A case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism with a parathyroid adenoma and hyperplasia was described as the first report in Japan. A 24-year-old man manifesting hypercalcemia had been treated with hemodialysis for 9 years. On admission, clubbed fingers richitic rosaries and a palpable node in the neck were the major physical findings. Laboratory examinations revealed hypercalcemia had elevated levels of plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) in a c-terminal assay. Nevertheless the levels of PTH found by a n-terminal assay disclosed an only small increase. The PTH levels were scarcely decreased after a bolus injection of calcium gluconate. A large tumor corresponding to the palpable node was resected. Histologically, the tumor was an adenoma with thick fibrous capsule and interparenchymal bands. Other parathyroid glands showed secondary clear cell hyperplasia without signs of cellular hyperactivity.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Polysomnographic study of terminal sleep following delirium tremens.

Polysomnographic recording was performed during terminal sleep following delirium tremens (DT) in nine chronic alcoholics. After terminal sleep all the alcoholics fully recovered from DT. The duration of terminal sleep and DT differed among patients, but no significant correlation was found between the two. The most prominent feature in teh different stages of terminal sleep was a considerable decrease in slow wave sleep, especially stage 4 sleep. A slight decrease was observed in REM sleep, while stages 1 and 2 increased. A small amount of stages 1-REM and 2-REM was observed and a statistically significant correlation was noted between the appearance of these sleep stages. Intermittent wakefulness occurred in many patients. The disappearance of sleep cycles was observed in some patients. Therefore, terminal sleep following DT probably consists of recovery sleep from sleep deprivation caused by DT and disturbances of consciousness. Sleep cycles regularly occur in the former, but not in the latter.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Study on the effects of L-5HTP on the stages of sleep in man as evaluated by using sleep deprivation.

The effects of L-5HTP 200 mg on the EEG sleep pattern were investigated in normal subjects. When L-5HTP 200 mg was orally administered, only % S1 significantly decreased in comparison with the baseline. There was no change in any sleep stage on the first recovery night. On the second recovery night, % S1 significantly decreased, while % SR increased significantly. SWS did not show any change. The effects of L-5HTP 200 mg were investigated on the first recovery night after one night of sleep deprivation. SWS significantly increased on the first recovery night when a placebo was given, while this rebound increase of SWS disappeared and % S2 significantly increased on the first recovery night when L-5HTP was given. % SR significantly increased on the next night after the L-5HTP night.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1980

The sleep pattern of chronic alcoholics during the alcohol withdrawal period.

The sleep pattern of 13 alcoholics was recorded for five consecutive nights after the cessation of alcohol intake. In six of the 13 patients, delirium tremens occurred after hospitalization. A decrease of total sleep time and slow wave sleep was more pronounced in the patients with delirium tremens than in those without. REM sleep had slightly decreased in both groups. Rebound increase in REM sleep had not been observed in all the patients with delirium tremens. Stage 1-REM with tonic EMG was observed in these two groups. From these results we are inclined to hypothesize that a deficiency of cerebral 5-HT in alcoholics may lead to a pronounced decrease in slow wave sleep, with rapid eye movements appearing in stage 1 sleep.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Study of the side effects of long-term anticonvulsant treatment.

In the present survey, we investigated the side effects of anticonvulsants in 248 epileptics who had been taking medicine for a long time. About half of the patients had been given anticonvulsant treatment for more than 11 years. The main results were as follows: Subjective symptoms: many kinds of gastrointestinal symptoms, general fatigability and sleepiness. slight pain in bones, joints or muscles and headache were found. Neurological symptoms: finger tremor at rest, diminished or decreased ankle reflex, and cerebellar symptoms such as ataxic gait, dysarthria, nystagmus and diplopia were found. Other clinical symptoms: gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, dermatitis and edema were observed. Biochemical examinations: indicated that the total bilirubin was decreased in 4.4%, serum AL-P was elevated in 26.2%, the total serum cholesterol increased above 200 mg/dl in 17.7% and decreased below 150 mg/dl in 8.9%, and serum P and K were reduced in 31.5% and 2.4%, respectively. Hypocalcemia was found in only four cases (1.6%). Hematological examinations: serious disturbances were not found in hematopoietic functions, although prothrombin time was delayed in 18 of 40 patients examined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A new method to determine urinary quinoline compounds in patients with bladder cancer.

We developed a new method to measure quinoline compounds including kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid, and the 8-methyl ether of xanthurenic acid in the urine. The excretion of quinoline compounds in 33 patients with bladder cancer was investigated. Abnormal excretion of the 8-methyl ether of xanthurenic acid was confirmed in 13 patients. There were significant increases in the excretion of kynurenic acid and the 8-methyl ether of xanthurenic acid in males and of xanthurenic acid in females. After a L-tryptophan load, the excretion of all three derivatives was increased in males and kynurenic acid excretion was increased in females.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Pharmacological properties of procaterol, a newly synthetized, specific beta 2-adrenoceptor stimulant. Part I. Effects on the CNS (author's transl)].

Effects of procaterol (PRO) on the CNS were investigated in comparison with those of salbutamol (SAL) and isoproterenol (ISO). PRO, 15 to 50 mg/kg given subcutaneously suppressed spontaneous movement in mice, rats and rabbits and with a large dose, 1000 mg/kg, the animals became quiet and immobile. In dogs, PRO produced similar symptoms and in addition, there was nausea and vomiting. The animals recovered within 3--8 hours. ID50's in depressing spontaneous movement were 20.2 and 245 mg/kg for PRO, 51.1 and 133 mg/kg for SAL and 2.37 and 143 mg/kg for ISO, respectively, both by the subcutaneous and oral routes of administration. Methamphetamine induced increase in motility and fighting behavior was also suppressed by PRO when similar doses were given. PRO had no effect on coordinating movement, halothane anesthesia, drug and electric stimulation induced convulsions and body temperature, and there was no muscle relaxant action. However, PRO in large doses prolonged sleeping time with hexobarbital. The analgesic effect of PRO was not observed with Haffner's and Landall Selitto's methods but acetic acid induced writhing was suppressed by PRO. PRO had little effect on spontaneous EEGs either cortical or from deep structures, and EEG arousal responses. The effects of PRO on the CNS were slight and nonspecific, and similar to those of SAL and ISO.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗