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T Oguri

Publications and source records attributed to T Oguri.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Susceptibility of bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1983)].

Bacterial isolates from the patients with pulmonary infections have been collected over these 3 years, in collaboration with investigators at 13 hospitals in various parts of Japan for the study on frequency of isolation of pathogens among the patients and their drug susceptibilities. Possible causative pathogens mainly isolated from sputum in patients with lower respiratory tract infections during period from September 1983 to March 1984, were collected. The frequency of bacterial isolates from the sputum and their drug susceptibility on H. influenzae among the various pathogens are discussed. The kinds of bacterial species isolated from the patients with respiratory tract infections associated with chronic bronchitis, chronic capillary bronchitis or bronchiectasis and their relative frequency of isolation were as follows; Total numbers of bacterial isolates collected from various hospitals were 220 strains in 1981, 168 strains 1982 and 258 strains in 1983. H. influenzae was always isolated with highest frequency of 50.5% in 1981, 45.8% in 1982 and 40.7% in 1983, and followed by P. aeruginosa (24.1%), S. aureus (8.2%), S. pneumoniae (7.3%) and K. pneumoniae (5.9%) and E. coli (4.1%) in 1981; P. aeruginosa (30.4%), S. pneumoniae (11.9%), S. aureus (4.8%), K. pneumoniae (3.0%) and E. coli (1.8%) in 1982; P. aeruginosa (26.7%), S. pneumoniae (10.1%), S. aureus (7.8%), K. pneumoniae (3.5%) and E. coli (3.5%) in 1983. The drug susceptibility test of H. influenzae to ampicillin (ABPC), piperacillin (PIPC), mezlocillin (MZPC), sulbenicillin (SBPC), gentamicin (GM), amikacin (AMK), cefotiam (CTM), cefmetazole (CMZ), cefoperazone (CPZ), cefotaxime (CTX), ceftizoxime (CZX), cefmenoxime (CMX) and latamoxef (LMOX) was done by using agar micro-broth dilution methods. H. influenzae was most markedly susceptible to cephems of the third generation, especially to CMX, CZX and CTX by which about 95% of H. influenzae tested were inhibited the growth under the concentration with less than or equal to 0.10 microgram/ml of the drugs. Furthermore, annual changes in susceptibility of H. influenzae to various antibiotics was analyzed over the period from 1981 to 1983. The frequency of S. pneumoniae isolated from patients with chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis was about 10% in this survey. However, in the case of respiratory infections associated with bacterial pneumonia, the frequencies were as follows; 24.8% (77 cases/311 cases) in 1981, 17.7% (44 cases/248 cases) in 1982, and 11.0% (39 cases/355 cases) in 1983. The frequency of isolation of S. pneumoniae decreased every year.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Susceptibility of bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1982)].

Two hundred seventy-six bacterial strains were isolated as possible causative pathogens mainly from sputum in 248 patients with lower respiratory tract infections at 12 medical institutions in various parts of Japan during the period from September 1982 to March 1983. Of these, 272 isolates including 28 Staphylococcus aureus strains, 38 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, 107 Haemophilus influenzae strains, 68 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 17 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, 9 Escherichia coli strains and 5 strains of other species were tested in vitro for MICs of various antibiotics, and their drug sensitivity distributions determined. Data were also analyzed for distribution of cases by clinical entities, age and sex, interrelations between the types of infections and the species and frequency of isolation of organisms, and relations of the antimicrobial regimens at collection of clinical specimens to the species and frequency of isolation of the organisms. It engenders great interest that there was a significant increase in frequency of S. aureus isolation within 7 days after antibiotic therapy, compared to pretreatment isolation frequency, in the 1982 series. This seems to deserve further investigation in detail. The H. influenzae strains isolated with the highest frequency in 1981 and those in 1982 were examined as to susceptibility to several representative antibiotics, with interdrug comparisons: ABPC vs. SBPC, CTM vs. CMZ, and CMX vs. LMOX. The isolates demonstrated high degrees of susceptibility to these drugs and there was no conspicuous change in bacterial sensitivity to the drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Serratia marcescens isolated from clinical materials.

This study was undertaken to determine the source, serological characteristics and susceptibility to the chemotherapeutic agents on recently isolated strains of Serratia marcescens. Of the 351 isolates, the most frequent source was the respiratory tract and the second urinary tract. The most common serotype was type 14 and the second 4. Among the types of S. marcescens, type 14 and 4 were most frequently associated with respiratory infections. The strains from infected urine had common types 14, 4 and 14.12. By the disk sensitivity testing, the strains from urine had a tendency of multiple resistance and the strains type 14.12 also had the same tendency. In vitro tests for susceptibility to 16 chemotherapeutic agents were performed. Norfloxacin and ofloxacin were most active drugs and inhibited about 70% of the strains at a concentration of 0.39 microgram and 0.78 microgram or less per ml, respectively. The new cephalosporins (cefmenoxime, ceftizoxime and latamoxef) and aztreonam inhibited from 76 to 86% of the strains at 6.25 micrograms or less per ml. This was comparable to the percentage inhibited by some aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and sisomicin) ranging from 60 to 80%. Minocycline and nalidixic acid were moderate in activity. Chloramphenicol was less active.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Microorganisms isolated from infected aural fistulas.

Aural fistula is a congenital deformity of the external ear relatively common in Orientals and rare in Caucasians. Suppuration tends to occur, and chemotherapy rather than surgical drainage should be attempted. However, the lack of information concerning infected aural fistulas has made appropriate chemotherapy difficult. Microorganisms isolated from 13 cases of infected aural fistulas were studied from January 1981 to December 1982. Six species and 22 strains were isolated; nonsporeforming faculative anaerobes were detected in 12 cases. The isolated pathogens included Peptococcus sp (10 cases), Peptostreptococcus sp (3), Bacteroides sp (3), and Fusobacterium sp (2). One case exhibited only Staphylococcus aureus. Our data also stresses the etiologic importance of anaerobic gram-positive cocci in infected aural fistulas.

Abscess↗
PubMed1983

[Susceptibility of bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract infections to antibiotics (1981)].

During the period from September 1981 to March 1982, 363 bacterial isolates were obtained as possible pathogens from 311 patients with lower respiratory tract infections at 12 medical institutions in Japan. Of these clinical isolates, mostly from the sputum, a total of 231 isolates including 19 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 33 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 90 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 65 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 17 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 7 strains of Escherichia coli were tested in vitro for minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 17 antimicrobial agents, and their antimicrobial susceptibility distribution and cumulative percentages of inhibited isolates by increasing concentrations of drugs were determined. The data were further analyzed to investigate the interrelation between such parameters as the age-distribution of patients by diseases of the respiratory system, sex and types of infection and the species and frequency of isolation of the organisms, and also the relationship between the antimicrobial chemotherapy prior to collection of clinical specimens and the species and incidence of the bacterial isolates. In respiratory infections, it is frequently that chemotherapy should be instituted with an appropriate drug even before the causative organism can be identified and assessed for its antimicrobial susceptibility. The present data may provide valuable informations in selecting appropriate drugs in practical, clinical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[An in vitro study of susceptibility of Flavobacterium meningosepticum to antibiotics].

The present study concern in vitro observation on the susceptibility to 20 antibacterial agents of the strains of Flavobacterium meningosepticum from clinical specimens at Juntendo University Hospital during the 1 year period of 1981. The tests for susceptibility of the 144 strains to the drugs were all performed by the serial 2-fold agar plate dilution method on Mueller Hinton agar (Difco), standardized by the Japan Society of Chemotherapy using the Microplanter apparatus with one loop of approximately 10(8) cells/ml. The antibacterial agents tested were as follows: ampicillin, sulbenicillin, piperacillin, mezlocillin, cefazolin, cefmetazole, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, nalidixic acid, pipemidic acid, erythromycin and clindamycin. 1. Thirty-seven per cent of the strains were isolated from sputum, 23% from urine (greater than or equal to 10(5) ml), and 18% from pus and exudate. Only 3 and 2 strains were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and blood, respectively. 2. A large number of the strains tested were highly resistant to ABPC, SBPC, CEZ, KM, TOB, AMK, PPA and EM, and moderately resistant to PIPC, MZPC, CMZ, CPZ, CTX, CZX, GM, TC and NA. The most of the strains were highly sensitive to MINO, CLDM and DOXY in this order. There was no strain resistant to MINO in this study. 3. The yearly change of the antibacterial activities of DOXY, MINO, CLDM was not significant and 9% of the strains in 1981 were highly resistant to CLDM. The strains resistant to EM were more frequently seen in 1981 than in 1974--1976.

Cephalosporins↗
PubMed1982

Microorganisms isolated from peritonsillar abscess and indicated chemotherapy.

A bacteriologic study was made of 30 patients with peritonsillar abscesses with the use of both aerobic and anaerobic culture procedures. The abscess was punctured and the pus was aspirated by a syringe with an 18-gauge needle. Aerobes and anaerobes were detected in a frequency rate of approximately 1:2. Peptostreptococcus (30.2%), group a streptococci (27.9%), Peptococcus (16.3%), and Fusobacterium (9.3%) were preponderant pathogens. Anaerobic organisms were isolated in 75% of 30 cases. Aside from group A streptococci, anaerobes play a major etiologic role in peritonsillar abscess. Penicillins or cephalosporins will provide maximum chemotherapeutic benefit.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

[Compared studies of antimicrobial agents against E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Proteus isolated from urinary tract infections].

In vitro activities of antibacterial agents against E. coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Proteus which were isolated from patients urinary tract infections at 8 hospitals in Japan, were investigated by agar dilution method from July to October in 1979. The summarized results are as follows. 1. Among oral antibacterial agents, MPC and PPA have showed potent antibacterial activities against E. coli and Klebsiella. Among parenteral antibiotics, CTM was the most active against E. coli and Klebsiella. However, ABPC-resistant E. coli and Klebsiella have appeared to occupy about 40% and 96% of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections, respectively. 2. In vitro activities of antibacterial agents against Proteus and Citrobacter showed not so potent. 3. Causative organisms in female patients with simple urinary tract infections were mainly E. coli and Klebsiella. 4. Among oral antibacterial agents, PPA have shown similar antimicrobial activities against E. coli isolated from simple and complicated urinary tract infections. ABPC and MPC have been influenced in some degree by these factors. However, parenteral antibiotics are not influenced by these factors. On the other hand, in vitro activities of antibacterial agents against Klebsiella isolated from simple and complicated urinary tract infections were similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Susceptibilities of Pseudomonas species to aminoglycosides and tetracyclines].

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has attracted much attention through its role in hospital outbreaks of disease. However, other members of the genus Pseudomonas, particularly Pseudomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas cepacia, may be isolated as opportunistic pathogens of man, and can be found in hospital materials. These organisms have been less susceptible to the commonly used antibiotics. This report deals with the in vitro sensitivity of Pseudomonas strains except for P. aeruginosa to aminoglycosides and tetracyclines. The following bacteria were tested: P. maltophilia (50 strains), P. fluorescens (29 strains), P. putida (52 strains), P. cepacia (49 strains), P. putrefaciens (18 strains), P. acidovorans (12 strains). All of the strains for this study were isolated from routine cultures of infected clinical materials which sent to the Clinical Laboratories, Juntendo University Hospital during the 1 year period of 1980. The tests for susceptibility of the strains to the 3 aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin) and 3 tetracyclines (tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline) were all performed by the serial 2-fold agar plate dilution method on heart infusion agar, standardized by the Japan Society of Chemotherapy, using the microplanter apparatus with an inoculum size of approximately 10(8) CFU/ml. There were similar sensitivity patterns for the aminoglycosides tested; most of the strains of P. maltophilia, P. cepacia and P. acidovorans were resistant to the aminoglycosides, while most of P. fluorescens, P. putida and P. putrefaciens were sensitive. Minocycline and doxycycline were extremely active to the Pseudomonas species studied. Tetracycline was almost ineffective against P. maltophilia and P. cepacia.

Aminoglycosides↗