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Biomedical subjects

T Ogino

Publications and source records attributed to T Ogino.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Transfer of latissimus dorsi for irreparable rotator-cuff tears.

We treated 12 shoulders in ten patients with irreparable rotator-cuff tears by transfer of the latissimus dorsi. There were nine men and one woman. Their average age was 64.0 years and the average follow-up was 35.6 months (26 to 42). The results were excellent in four shoulders, good in four, fair in one, and poor in three. Active forward flexion improved from a preoperative average of 99 degrees to a postoperative average of 135 degrees. Osteoarthritic changes appeared in five shoulders and proximal migration of the humeral head progressed in six. EMG revealed that nine of the 12 transferred muscles showed activity which was synergistic with the supraspinatus on external rotation with abduction. We conclude that latissimus dorsi transfer can be effective in restoring shoulder function after massive irreparable tears of the rotator cuff.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Oxidative damage of bovine serum albumin and other enzyme proteins by iron-chelate complexes.

Direct oxidative protein damage by iron-nitrilotriacetate (NTA), as well as physiological iron complexes, iron-citrate and iron-ADP was studied in the presence or absence of H2O2, using bovine serum albumin (BSA), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), glutathione reductase (GSSGRase) and catalase as the target proteins. Both Fe(III)NTA+H2O2 and Fe(II)NTA+H2O2 caused marked BSA fragmentation which accompanied the decrease in the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and appearance of bityrosine fluorescence. However, Fe(III)citrate+H2O2 showed only slight BSA fragmentation. In the absence of H2O2, Fe(II) NTA but not Fe(III)NTA caused similar but slight BSA fragmentation, which depended on the molecular oxygen. Fe(II)citrate also showed O2-dependent BSA fragmentation to a comparable degree, however, Fe(II)ADP showed no detectable BSA damage. BSA fragmentation by Fe(II)NTA+O2 and by Fe(III)NTA+H2O2 resulted in the appearance of the new alpha-amino groups. Electron spin resonance study using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) as a spin trapping reagent showed DMPO-OH spin adduct, which suggests the presence of hydroxyl radical, in Fe(III)NTA+H2O2, but not in Fe(II)NTA+O2 system. Fe(II)NTA inactivated G-6-PD and GSSGRase in a O2-dependent manner, however, G-6-PD was more susceptible to the damage. This enzyme inactivation also accompanied the protein fragmentation and was not due to simple sulfhydryl oxidation. Catalase was not significantly inactivated nor fragmented by Fe(II)NTA+O2. These findings suggest that the interaction between proteins and iron-chelate complexes is important in iron catalyzed oxidative damage, and that the structure of the chelating agent may determine the target molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Intercostal nerve crossing to restore elbow flexion and sensibility of the hand for a root avulsion type of brachial plexus injury.

Ten patients with a root avulsion type of brachial plexus injury were treated with simultaneous intercostal nerve crossing to the musculocutaneous and median nerves, and nine cases were followed for more than 40 months. The average interval from injury to surgery was 2.7 months. The average age at operation was 18.6 years. The elbow flexor was M4 in six patients, M3 in two patients, and M1 in one patient. The wrist flexor was more than M3 in six patients and less than M2 in four patients. The finger flexor was more than M3 in four patients and less than M2 in five patients. Protective sensation in the areas innervated by the musculocutaneous and median nerves was restored in all cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Prevention of mortality by in vivo depletion of alpha beta T cells in murine lethal listeriosis and involvement of gamma delta T cells in bacterial elimination.

We previously demonstrated that in murine lethal listeriosis, death is mainly due to massive liver necrosis. In the present study we found that in vivo depletion of alpha beta T cells by administration of anti-TCR beta mAb (H57-597) protected recipient mice from acute mortality and converted lethal listeriosis to sublethal infection. Furthermore, our findings suggested that gamma delta T cells were not involved in the liver necrosis in this condition. After depletion of alpha beta T cells, the number of bacteria decreased gradually to the limit for their detection (10(2) CFU) in 4 wks. Depletion of both alpha beta T cells and gamma delta T cells by administration of anti-TCR beta mAb (H57-597) and anti-TCR delta mAb (3A10) resulted in increased multiplication and persistent presence of bacteria in the liver and spleen. These findings suggest that gamma delta T cells play a significant protective role during infection in mice depleted of alpha beta T cells. In these mice, gamma delta T cells appeared with a peak on day 13 in the liver and on day 20 in the lymph nodes. No increase of gamma delta T cells in the spleen was observed throughout the course of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A PCR method for examining diarrhea--Escherichia coli].

To identify diarrhea--Escherichia coli(E. coli), especially Enteroinvasive E. coli(EIEC), Verocytotoxin-producing E. coli(VTEC), and Enterotoxigenic E. coli(ETEC), confirmation of pathogenic factors is necessary. We developed a system using the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) that simultaneously confirms the pathogenic genes of these E. coli, and have used it in routine examination. This method is simple and does not require examination for each pathogenic factor. Multiple pathogenic genes could be rapidly detected.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed1995

Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen and antibody, and antigen subtypes in atomic bomb survivors.

On the basis of previous studies showing an association between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity and radiation exposure in atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors, we investigated further the active state of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by incorporating tests for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B e antibody (anti-HBe) and HBsAg subtypes into our biennial health examinations. Among 6548 A-bomb survivors for whom HBsAg was assayed between July 1979 and July 1981, 129 persons were HBsAg positive. HBeAg and anti-HBe were measured in 104 of these persons and subtypes of HBsAg in 98 persons. Among those exposed to radiation (average liver dose 0.58 Sv), the odds ratio of HBsAg positivity tended to increase with radiation dose (P for trend = 0.024). The P values for association between the prevalence of HB e antigen and radiation dose and between the prevalence of anti-HBe and radiation dose were 0.094 and 0.17, respectively. The HB antigen subtype adr was predominant over other subtypes in both Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but the distribution of subtypes did not seem to differ in relation to radiation dose. These results suggested that A-bomb survivors remain in an active state of HBV infection and that the mechanism(s) of seroconversion may be impaired.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Phase III clinical trial for esophageal cancer using radiotherapy].

Phase III clinical trials using radiotherapy for esophageal cancer are reviewed. Concerning preoperative radiotherapy, results of 6 of 7 clinical trials failed to show its usefulness. Two randomized trials evaluating postoperative radiotherapy were performed. Both of them, however, proved negative. Chemoradiation has been used for inoperable esophageal cancer instead of radiotherapy alone. Combined modality therapy with radiation and Bleomycin was found to be useless. In early 1980, multiple drugs including 5-FU and radiation were compared with radiation alone, and 2 out of 3 clinical trials were positive. CDDP was then included in the chemoradiation regimen, and CDDP+5-FU and radiotherapy were found to yield survival benefits. Preoperative chemoradiation was tested in 4 randomized clinical trials. However, the results were entirely negative. Based on the results of these clinical trials, problems of treatment strategy for esophageal cancer in Japan are discussed in this article.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1995

Radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer in patients under 50 years old.

Fifty-nine cases of laryngeal cancer treated by radiotherapy at the National Cancer Center Hospital between 1962 and 1990 were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were less than 50 years old. The median total dose of the radiation delivered to the primary tumor site was 70 Gy. The overall 5-yr survival rate and 5-yr local control rate were 88% and 72%, respectively. Five (8.5%) of the 59 patients developed late recurrence more than five yr after initial treatment, but subsequent salvage operations were successful for disease control; three patients had T1 glottic cancer, one had T2-3 glottic cancer and one had T3N1 supraglottic cancer. Since the local control rate and the 5-yr survival rate after radiotherapy are satisfactory, radiotherapy, which allows both functional and esthetic conservation, has an important role in the treatment of laryngeal cancer in adults under 50 yr of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy for locally advanced carcinoma of the esophagus.

A pilot study was undertaken to clarify the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy against locally advanced esophageal carcinoma. The 20 patients in this study had previously untreated esophageal carcinoma with evidence of T4 disease and/or distant node metastases. Chemotherapy consisted of protracted infusion of 5-fluorouracil at a dose of 400 mg/m2/day on days 1-5 and 8-12, combined with a 2-h infusion of cisplatinum at 40 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8. Radiation treatment for the mediastinum was administered 5 days per week for 3 wk at 2 Gy/day, along with chemotherapy. These schedules were repeated twice to give a total radiation dose of 60 Gy. For patients who responded, two additional courses of chemotherapy were administered. Five of the 20 patients had UICC stage III disease and 15 had stage IV. Seventeen (85%) of the 20 patients exhibited an objective response, including 6 (30%) complete responses. Local control was excellent with 10 (50%) complete responses. Toxic effects were severe. Major toxicities were leukocytopenia of grade 3 or more in 45% of the patients and esophagitis, including four perforations. There were two treatment-related deaths. The median survival time was 9 mo (range: 2 to 34+). Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy was effective even for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma, but was associated with significant toxicity.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Ultrastructural study of lens fiber cells by quick-freezing and deep-etching].

The ultrastructure of lens fiber cytoskeleton was studied by quick-freezing and deep-etching. Lenses of 5 Wistar male rats were divided into lens cortex and lens nucleus. Filamentous structures were clearly observed in the cortical fiber cells, which had diameters in 10 approximately 15 nm or about 5 nm. They showed a meshwork structure. On the other hand, the filamentous structures showed a linear, dense, and laminar pattern in the nuclear fiber cells. These ultrastructural changes of cytoskeletons may be related to the elongation and differentiation of lens fiber cells and may be important for maintaining transparency of the lens.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Serial water changes in human skeletal muscles on exercise studied with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging.

In vivo 1H-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enabled us to study the distribution of water in living tissues and to document changes in human skeletal muscles during physical exercise. The purpose of the present study was to determine the total muscle water changes after exercise using water in 1H-MR spectroscopy and to compare these changes to the signal intensity change on T2*-weighted images and/or to the T2 value change. Seven young male volunteers were positioned in a 1.5 T Philips MR imaging system. They were then asked to dorsiflex their ankle joint against a 2 kg weight once every 2 seconds for 2 minutes. The peak height of water declined according to the clearance curve after exercise in all seven cases with the 1H-MRS similar to the signal intensity. The increasing rate at peak height of total muscle water exceeded both the signal intensity and the T2 value because the water peak height on the 1H-MRS included the extracellular water. In addition, we measured the changes in signal intensity in both calf muscles after walking race exercise. The time intensity curves were used to draw a clearance curve for each muscle group after exercise. It was possible to discern which muscle was used most from the T2*-weighted image that was obtained once after exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Digital lengthening in congenital hand deformities.

12 hands with congenital short finger in 11 patients were treated with various types of metacarpal bone lengthening. These included three patients with brachydactyly, seven with transverse deficiency, and one with constriction ring syndrome. All cases involved metacarpal lengthening and surgery was performed 16 times in 15 digits. Single-stage lengthening was performed in seven cases, on-top plasty in three cases, and distraction lengthening in six cases. The length gained ranged from 2 to 10 mm in single-stage lengthening, 3 to 17 mm in on-top plasty, and 12 to 30 mm in distraction lengthening. Delayed union and malunion occurred in single-stage lengthening or on-top plasty. After metacarpal lengthening, pinch function was improved in seven out of eight patients with either transverse deficiency or constriction band syndrome, and aesthetic improvement was achieved in three patients with brachydactyly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Opposable triphalangeal thumb: clinical features and results of treatment.

The clinical features of opposable triphalangeal thumb were examined in 15 patients (23 hands). Triphalangeal thumb appeared as an isolated anomaly in 16 hands and in combination with cleft hand in 7 hands. Polydactylous changes in the distal phalanx were frequently observed in these hands and in the opposite thumbs in unilaterally affected cases. Opposable triphalangeal thumb seemed to have formed as a result of incomplete fusion of the duplicated distal phalanges or fusion of the thumb and index finger. Twelve hands in ten patients were treated surgically and followed for an average of 6.5 year. Nine hands were treated by removal of the accessory phalanx, and good results were obtained in all except one. Removal of the accessory phalanx seems to be a simple and reliable treatment for opposable triphalangeal thumb in young children.

Adult↗