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Biomedical subjects

T Noto

Publications and source records attributed to T Noto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[A successful repair of traumatic thoracic aortic injury and descending colon perforation at acute phase].

A 41-year-old man suffered from traffic accident was referred to us because of chest and back pain. The CT examination showed periaortic hematoma and aortography revealed aneurysmal formation at the distal site to the left subclavian artery. We repaired the aortic injury with prosthetic graft at the acute phase successfully. As the results of the conservative treatment of the traumatic aortic injury are poor, we recommend operation at the acute phase.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1993

Checkup interval and cancers in automated multiphasic health testing and services.

The purpose of this study was to disclose which types of cancer and how many persons with cancer were detected among the AMHTS examinees of our AMHTS center by using the hospital information retrieval system, and to study the relationship between cancer and the number of examinees, checkup intervals, and frequency in AMHTS. The examinees who had checkups more than twice were divided into three groups based on their checkup intervals: within one year, one to two years, and over two years. The relationship between cancer ratios and checkup intervals was evaluated in each group of examinees. In those having checkups within one year and from one to two years the cancer rate was 2.9 patients per 1,000 persons. However, in those having checkups after a two-year period or longer, the cancer rate was 4.3, clearly greater than the rate of the other two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of L-threo- and erythro-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine on learning performance and concentrations of brain noradrenaline and its metabolites in rats.

Effects of L-threo and L-erythro-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine [DOPS, precursor amino acids for noradrenaline (NA)] on the learning performance in a maze paradigm designed to model on the water maze paradigm using a multicomputerized behavioral analysis system were studied. A marked facilitation of learning performance was observed in rats after an intraventricular injection of 5 micrograms L-threo-DOPS (the s-NA precursor), and this effect was inhibited by a simultaneous administration of 1 or 2 micrograms propranolol (a beta-adrenergic antagonist). As concentrations of brain NA, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, and normethanephrine were increased by the injection of 5 micrograms L-threo-DOPS, the effect seemed to be derived from activation of beta-adrenoceptors in the CNS by the formed s-NA. On the other hand, an intraventricular injection of 5 micrograms L-erythro-DOPS (the r-NA precursor) attenuated the learning performance, and this effect was probably caused by the formed r-NA from L-erythro-DOPS.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Quantification of antimyosin uptake and infarct size at various stages of myocardial infarction.

We studied with quantitative techniques the clinical efficacy of indium-111 antimyosin at a later stage of myocardial infarction in 18 patients at various stages after infarction. Antimyosin accumulation was detected irrespective of infarct age and size and quantified as an infarct weight with a tomographic technique. Higher intensities in a planar image were observed in anterior Q wave infarct group (36 +/- 5 g) but not in inferior and non-Q wave anterior infarct groups because of the smaller infarct weights (8 +/- 3 g, 13 +/- 6 g, respectively). Infarct area calculated from thallium-201 tomography significantly correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction in both recent (less than 2 weeks) and older (2-week- to 6-month-old) infarct groups (r = -0.969, P less than 0.001; r = -0.860, P less than 0.001, respectively), whereas there was a significant negative correlation between infarct weight and left ventricular ejection fraction in the recent infarct group (r = -0.731, P less than 0.05) but not in the older infarct group. Thus, antimyosin tomography can detect myocardial necrosis with a high sensitivity regardless of infarct age, size, and location. However, the accumulation might be affected by infarct age and correspond to necrotic mass but not necessarily to infarct volume itself at a later stage probably because of the presence of necrosed and scarred tissues in infarcted myocardium.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The inhibitory action of cyclic AMP on responses to carbachol dependent on calcium stores in rat gastric smooth muscle.

1. The effects of cyclic AMP on contraction and Ca(2+)-activated K+ currents induced by carbachol (CCh), caffeine and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) were examined in intact and skinned smooth muscle fibres and in whole-cell voltage-clamped smooth muscle cells of the rat stomach. Intracellular Ca2+ level, [Ca2+]i, was monitored in intact muscle fibres loaded with Fura-2. 2. In intact muscle fibres, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, 8-bromo-cyclic AMP and forskolin inhibited a phasic contraction induced by CCh (100 microM) much more extensively than that induced by caffeine (30 mM) in Ca(2+)-free solution containing 2 mM-EGTA. A rise in [Ca2+]i evoked by CCh was also reduced by dibutyryl cyclic AMP. 3. In skinned muscle fibres, InsP3 (40 microM) produced a contraction of amplitude similar to that evoked by caffeine (30 mM) in Ca(2+)-free solution containing 0.05 mM-EGTA. Cyclic AMP suppressed the InsP3-induced contraction to a much greater extent than that induced by caffeine. 4. In cells voltage-clamped at 0 mV, CCh (100 microM) evoked a transient Ca(2+)-activated outward K+ current in 61% of cells tested. After wash-out of CCh, caffeine (10 mM) evoked a similar K+ current in all cells. In cells loaded with cyclic AMP (100 microM), the percentage of cells responding to CCh was reduced to 26% and the magnitude of current response tended to decrease. Cyclic AMP caused a small increase in the caffeine-induced K+ current. 5. An outward current was elicited immediately after the patch membrane was ruptured at a holding potential of 0 mV, using a patch pipette containing InsP3 (40 microM), in 76% of cells tested. In cells treated with dibutyryl cyclic AMP, the percentage of cells responding to InsP3 was reduced to 50% and the magnitude of current response tended to decrease. 6. In intact muscle fibres loaded with Fura-2, the relationship between [Ca2+]i and tension development shifted to the right in the presence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP. In skinned muscle fibres, cyclic AMP shifted the pCa-tension relation to the right, suggesting that cyclic AMP inhibits the contractile machinery directly. 7. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of cyclic AMP on muscarinic receptors mediating both the contraction and the Ca(2+)-activated K+ current, is partly due to the inhibition of InsP3-induced Ca2+ release from intracellular stores in rat gastric smooth muscle cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effect of anoxic preperfusion on ischemic myocardial injury in isolated rat hearts.

Anoxic perfusion prior to sustained ischemia (anoxic preperfusion), reportedly improves postischemic functional recovery of the heart, but its mechanism has not been well understood. The present study aimed to characterize the cardioprotective effects of anoxic preperfusion and its relationship to extracellular Ca++ levels. Following 10 min of aerobic perfusion, isolated rat hearts were assigned to a 10 min aerobic perfusion or to a 10 min anoxic perfusion. The hearts were then subjected to 30 min of global ischemia and 30 min of aerobic reperfusion. When the perfusate-free Ca++ concentration was 2.0 mM, postischemic recovery of left ventricular developed pressure was significantly improved by anoxic preperfusion (91.9 +/- 2.9% of baseline value vs. 50.5 +/- 12.9% after 30 min reperfusion in the controls). However, the improvement of postischemic ventricular function by anoxic preperfusion was abolished when perfusate Ca++ was reduced to 1.0 mM and the contractile function was rather suppressed during early reperfusion by anoxic preperfusion when the Ca++ level was 0.7 mM (87.5 +/- 11.8% vs. 115.6 +/- 13.9% after 10 min of reperfusion). On the other hand, lactate accumulation during the global ischemia was significantly less in anoxic preperfused hearts compared with untreated hearts both when perfusate Ca++ was 0.7 mM (61.3 +/- 5.1 vs. 85.9 +/- 6.8 mumol/g dry) and when it was 2.0 mM (43.8 +/- 2.0 vs. 140.3 +/- 14.1 mumol/g dry). The amount of myoglobin released after global ischemia was not different between untreated and anoxic preperfused hearts regardless of the perfusate Ca++ level. The results suggest that anoxic preperfusion does not reduce ischemic myocardial necrosis, but it attenuates myocardial stunning. That effect of anoxic preperfusion on the stunning is dependent on the extracellular Ca++ level and is not totally explained by suppression of ischemia-induced lactate accumulation.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1992

Two cases of adenolipoma of the breast.

Adenolipoma of the breast is a rare tumor. Two cases are described here and the literature is reviewed. Case 1 was a 52-year-old woman who had a 3-cm-long elastic hard tumor in the left breast. Case 2 was a 40-year-old woman who had a 3-cm-long elastic soft tumor in the left breast. In each case, mammography revealed well demarcated soft tissue density. Ultrasonography demonstrated well defined tumors composed of echogenic and sonolucent areas. These tumors were easily enucleated at surgery. Histologically, the tumors consisted of mammary ducts, fibrous stroma and adipose tissue, findings which are characteristic of mammary adenolipoma. An adenolipoma may still be misdiagnosed as a fibroadenoma or a fibrocystic disease. Characteristic findings of mammography and ultrasonography are emphasized.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1992

[Perfusion patterns of 99mTc-MAA injected into subcutaneously implanted port--evaluation with SPECT].

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed in conjunction with 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (Tc-MAA) hepatic arterial perfusion scintigraphy, and Tc-MAA activity was measured quantitatively. Three patients with colorectal liver metastasis were examined. In the first patient, the ratio of radioactivity in the area of the tumor was 3 times that in the surrounding liver. In the second patient, the right hepatic artery was ligated and Tc-MAA was injected into the left hepatic artery. Radioactivity in the right lobe was as much as in the left lobe. In the third patient, the left hepatic artery was ligated and Tc-MAA was injected into the right hepatic artery. Radioactivity was higher in the left lobe than in the right lobe. Previous reports suggested that Tc-MAA distribution accurately reflects the drug distribution injected into a regional blood supply. SPECT is useful in quantitative evaluation of Tc-MAA distribution.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1992

[Combined therapy with 5-FU and levamisole].

Levamisole, which had been used as an insecticide for more than 20 years, was reported to have anticancer effects as an immunopotentiator. Among many clinical trials with this agent, Moertel and his colleagues reported excellent results in Dukes-C colon cancer patients treated with 5-FU and levamisole in 1990. In this paper, results of our animal experiments would be reported in conjunction with the review of the recent clinical trials.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1991

Formation of GABOB from 2-hydroxyputrescine and its anticonvulsant effect.

To investigate the formation of gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid from 2-hydroxyputrescine in mammalian organs, the radioactive diamine was synthesized and was injected into rats intraperitoneally or intraventricularly. After intraperitoneal injection, the radioactive amino acid was detected in various organs, but formation of the stereoisomer of the amino acid (gamma-amino-alpha-hydroxybutyric acid) was not demonstrated. Intraventricular injection of the radioactive diamine also resulted in the formation of gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid in the rat brain. In vivo experiments using monoamine oxidase or diamine oxidase inhibitors suggested the participation of both enzymes in the formation of the amino acid from the diamine in rat organs other than the brain, where diamine oxidase appeared to play the major role. To investigate the anticonvulsant effect of 2-hydroxyputrescine, the threshold of pentylenetetrazol-induced generalized convulsions was measured in rats after the intraventricular injection of 2-hydroxyputrescine. Both R(-)- and S(+)-2-hydroxyputrescine had an anticonvulsant effect, with a greater elevation of the threshold being observed after injection of the R(-) form. Time course experiments suggested that this anticonvulsant effect depended on the formation of gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid from 2-hydroxyputrescine in the rat brain. The anticonvulsant action of gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid was also examined, and the stimulation of Cl- influx plus the inhibition of GABA uptake into brain membrane vesicles were indicated to be involved.

4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase↗
PubMed1991

Macrophage-T cell interaction is essential for the induction of p75 interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor and IL-2 responsiveness in human CD4+ T cells.

Fresh human CD8+ T cells showed a strong proliferative response to a high concentration of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in the absence of macrophages. In contrast, CD4+ T cells revealed no significant IL-2 responsiveness in the absence of macrophages. However, if CD4+ T cells were cocultured with macrophages, they showed higher proliferative response to IL-2 than CD8+ T cells. In accordance with the magnitude of IL-2 responsiveness, freshly isolated CD8+ T cells expressed significant amounts of p75 IL-2 receptor, while fresh CD4+ T cells did not express p75 IL-2 receptor. The expression of p75 IL-2 receptor on CD4+ T cells was induced by coculture with macrophages. The macrophage-induced p75 IL-2 receptor acquisition was blocked by monoclonal antibody (mAb) against class II antigen. Moreover, the addition of anti-CD4 mAb or anti-class II mAb to the culture caused a great inhibition of IL-2 responsiveness of CD4+ T cells. These results strongly suggest that macrophage-T cell interaction through CD4 and/or class II molecules is essential for the expression of p75 IL-2 receptor and IL-2 responsiveness in human CD4+, but not CD8+ T cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Myocardial infarct size-limiting effect of ischemic preconditioning was not attenuated by oxygen free-radical scavengers in the rabbit.

BACKGROUND: The limiting effect of ischemic preconditioning on infarct size has been reported in canine hearts, which contain considerable amounts of xanthine oxidase, a free radical-producing enzyme. Furthermore, a recent study suggested that free radicals generated during preconditioning may contribute to the cardioprotective effect of preconditioning. The present study examined 1) whether preconditioning limits infarct size in rabbits, which, like humans, lack myocardial xanthine oxidase and 2) whether the cardioprotective effect of PC is mediated by free radicals. METHODS AND RESULTS: A branch of the circumflex coronary artery in rabbits was occluded for 30 minutes and then reperfused for 72 hours. Myocardial infarct size and area at risk were determined by histology and fluorescent particles, respectively. Five groups were studied: an untreated control group, a preconditioned group (PC group), a high-dose superoxide dismutase (SOD)-treated preconditioned group (high-dose SOD-PC group), a low-dose SOD-treated preconditioned group (low-dose SOD-PC group), and a SOD-plus-catalase-treated preconditioned group (SOD/CAT-PC group). Preconditioning was performed with four episodes of 5 minutes of ischemia and 5 minutes of reperfusion. The free radical scavengers (30,000 units/kg SOD for high-dose SOD-PC group, 15,000 units/kg SOD for low-dose SOD-PC group, and 30,000 units/kg SOD plus 55,000 units/kg catalase for SOD/CAT-PC group) were infused intravenously over 60 minutes starting 20 minutes before preconditioning. Infarct size as the percentage of area at risk was 45.1 +/- 3.5% (mean +/- SEM) in the control group (n = 11), 13.3 +/- 3.0% in the PC group (n = 12), 9.7 +/- 1.8% in the high-dose SOD-PC group (n = 8), 11.9 +/- 2.2% in the low-dose SOD-PC group (n = 6), and 9.6 +/- 2.3% in the SOD/CAT-PC group (n = 6) (p less than 0.05 versus control for the last four values). The differences in infarct size as the percent of area at risk among the PC, high-dose SOD-PC, low-dose SOD-PC, and SOD/CAT-PC groups were not significant. CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning delays ischemic myocardial necrosis regardless of myocardial xanthine oxidase content. Free radicals are unlikely to have a major role in the mechanism of the preconditioning in rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Normalized left ventricular filling indexes to detect diastolic dysfunction in hypertension and in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

In order to establish a normalizing method for left ventricular filling indexes, peak filling rate (PFR) and time to peak filling rate (TPFR), derived from resting radionuclide ventriculography using Fourier analysis with third-order harmonics, were analyzed in 45 normal subjects, 40 hypertensive patients, and 29 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. PFR was significantly negatively correlated with age (r = -0.62) and significantly positively correlated with peak ejection rate (PER) (r = 0.58) in normals. TPFR normalized for heart rate (N-TPFR) was correlated positively with age in normals (r = 0.60) and hypertensives (r = 0.49) but not in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. N-TPFR was not significantly correlated with systolic parameters. A significant relationship between PFR normalized to PER (PFR/PER) and age was observed in normals (r = -0.58) but not in patients with hypertension or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. To cancel the ageing effect, individual data of PFR/PER and N-TPFR were expressed as a percentage of the predicted regression value in normal subjects (%PFR/PER and %N-TPFR, respectively). Per cent PFR/PER was significantly lower and %N-TPFR was significantly greater in patients with hypertension and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy compared to normals. When normal limits of these indexes were defined as %PFR/PER greater than 80% and %N-TPFR less than 120%, the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of differentiating normals from patients with hypertension or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were 41 of 45 (91%), 44 of 68 (65%), and 85 of 113 (75%), respectively. These findings indicate that %PFR/PER and %N-TPFR might be more reasonably normalized parameters for describing diastolic filling and its abnormality.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Myocardial distribution of indium-111-antimyosin Fab in acute inferior and right ventricular infarction: comparison with technetium-99m-pyrophosphate imaging and histologic examination.

In a postmortem study of a 69-yr-old female patient who had suffered 2 yr previously a non-Q-wave anterior infarction and who had sustained just seven days earlier a left inferior and right ventricular infarction, the distribution of 111In-antimyosin Fab was compared to the results of 99mTc-pyrophosphate imaging and histologic examination. Indium-111-antimyosin Fab imaging could not be performed because of cardiogenic shock. However, postmortem gamma scintillation counting revealed increased activities of antimyosin Fab in the inferoapical and right ventricular infarcted regions in which 99mTc-pyrophosphate positive imagings were observed; in contrast, a histologically confirmed old subendocardial anterior infarction had no definite activity. Thus, the myocardial distribution of 111In-antimyosin Fab corresponded well to the results of 99mTc scintigrams and histologic examinations in a human heart, suggesting that this technique could be useful in vivo for detecting several-day-old myocardial infarction of the right ventricle as well as the left ventricle. Tissue from the 2-yr-old infarction was not identified by this technique.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Significance of radionuclide examination in hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using implantable reservoir].

Technetium 99m macroaggregated albumin (Tc-MAA) perfusion scintigraphy has been performed during hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using implantable reservoir. A total of 40 radionuclide (RI) studies were performed on 25 patients with liver metastasis of colorectal origin. Of 40 RI studies, 12 (30%) showed impaired liver perfusion. Three studies showed no perfusion of the liver, 3 increased radiotracer accumulations at liver hilus, 2 extrahepatic distributions, 2 catheter occlusions, 1 extravasation and 1 unilobar distribution. The accumulation of Tc-MAA in the tumor was graded from Grade I (tumor uptake decreased or similar relative to liver) to Grade III (tumor uptake remarkably increased). The response to chemotherapy was evaluable in 14 cases. A case with Grade I resulted in NC. Of 6 cases with Grade II, 1 resulted in MR, 3 in NC and 1 in PD. Of 8 cases with Grade III, 2 resulted in PR, 1 in MR and 5 in NC. Tumor response was observed in cases showing increased uptake of Tc-MAA. SPECT was performed in 7 cases, and revealed that hepatic tumors were hypervascular. We concluded that RI examination reveals not only hepatic perfusion, but also tumor microcirculation.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Application of a new compact and cell dense continuous culture system for LAK cells generated from cryo-preserved lymphocytes].

Recently, the adoptive immunotherapy using lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells has been applied for various cancer patients. It is quite useful to generate LAK cells from cryo-preserved lymphocytes in order to make a rational treatment schedule. We made basic studies on the induction of LAK cells from frozen lymphocytes using our high yield continuous cell culture system. It was demonstrated that our culture bag can be used to proliferate frozen lymphocytes cultured in interleukin-2 (IL-2) to thirty four-fold the initial cell number in 14 days with comparable cytotoxicity to that of fresh lymphocytes cultured in the same system.

Cryopreservation↗
PubMed1990

Does verapamil limit myocardial infarct size in a heart deficient in xanthine oxidase?

1. The delay of ischaemic myocardial necrosis by verapamil has been reported in the dog heart, which contains a high level of xanthine oxidase, a potential source of cytotoxic free radicals. To test whether the retardation of ischaemic myocyte death by verapamil is not an isolated phenomenon in the xanthine oxidase rich heart, we assessed the effect of verapamil in the rabbit heart, which lacks xanthine oxidase. 2. Verapamil (200 micrograms/kg, i.v. bolus plus 40 micrograms/kg per min) was administered in a group of rabbits (n = 5) to test the haemodynamic response to this agent. The heart rate, blood pressure and left ventricular dp/dt max were reduced by 11, 25 and 57%, respectively, and the plasma concentration of verapamil was maintained at 300-400 ng/mL during the infusion. 3. In other groups of rabbits, the effect of the same dosage of verapamil on the size of myocardial infarct after 20 or 30 min ischaemia and 72 h reperfusion was examined. The verapamil was administered for 45 min, starting 15 min prior to ischaemia. The percentage of area at risk infarcted (%I/AAR) was 15.2 +/- 3.9% in the 20 min ischaemia control group and 15.4 +/- 4.5% in the 20 min ischaemia verapamil group, 49.1 +/- 3.4% in the 30 min ischaemia control group and 41.2 +/- 3.3% in the 30 min ischaemia verapamil group. The %I/AAR was significantly smaller in the 20 min ischaemia control groups and 15.4 +/- 4.5% in the 20 min ischaemia there was no difference in %I/AAR between the control and verapamil treated animals in either the 20 or the 30 min ischaemia groups. 4. These results suggest that verapamil does not delay the transition from reversible to irreversible myocardial injury during coronary occlusion in the rabbit, which like the human, lacks myocardial xanthine oxidase.

Animals↗