Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Noguchi.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Reevaluation of circulating prostacyclin and thromboxane in diabetes.

Although several investigators have attempted to measure the plasma levels of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in diabetes and normal subjects, their results have been controversial. In this study, we measured plasma PGI2 and TXA2 levels in diabetic patients and normal subjects. The plasma PGI2 and TXA2 were determined by RIA as 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2, respectively. The plasma levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were significantly reduced in diabetics with microangiopathy (52.5 +/- 18.9 pg/ml, mean +/- SE, p less than 0.05) compared with those of normal subjects. Diabetics as a whole also showed lower levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha than normal subjects (57.8 +/- 26.1 vs. 70.2 +/- 20.7 pg/ml), though this was not significant statistically. The plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels did not significantly correlate with either age of the patients or duration of diabetes in diabetics. Interestingly, however, hemoglobin A1c significantly correlated inversely with 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels in diabetics without microangiopathy (r = -0.60, p less than 0.05). The plasma levels of TXB2 in diabetics were significantly higher than those of normal subjects (155.2 +/- 69.5 vs. 108.0 +/- 30.0 pg/ml, p less than 0.05). These data suggest that an imbalance of circulating PGI2 and TXA2 may contribute to the development of diabetic microangiopathy.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1987

Circulating prostacyclin and thromboxane in patients with Graves' disease.

We measured plasma levels of PGI2 as 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) as thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in patients with Graves' disease and in normal subjects. The levels of plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were significantly elevated and correlated with those of serum T4 and T3, respectively, in hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease. Significant reduction of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels was observed after antithyroid drug therapy. In contrast, the levels of plasma TXB2 were significantly lower in untreated patients with Graves' disease than in normal subjects. These data suggest that an elevation of plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha may play some additional role in pathophysiology of Graves' disease.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of intraperoxisomal localization form and properties of amphibian (Rana catesbeiana) uricase with those of other animal uricases.

Liver uricase of bull frog (Rana catesbeiana) was present as the soluble form in the peroxisomal matrix and consisted of four identical subunits with a molecular weight of 30,000. These properties were identical with those of fish liver uricase but differed from mammalian liver uricase. Purified uricase from the frog liver was insoluble in hypertonic, hypotonic and detergent solutions at pH 6-9. This insolubility was the same as mammalian liver uricase but differed from fish liver uricase; fish uricase was soluble in these solutions. The frog liver uricase did not cross-react immunologically with both uricases of fish and mammalian liver. An immunological cross-reactivity of liver uricase was observed among amphibia.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Insoluble uricase in liver peroxisomes of Old World monkeys.

1. Subcellular localization form and properties of liver uricase of Macaca fascicularis were examined. 2. Uricase was present as the insoluble form in the peroxisomal core. 3. Evidence was obtained to show that the peroxisomal core is uricase itself. 4. The number and mol. wts of the subunits of the enzyme were identical to those of rat liver uricase. 5. The same results were also obtained for liver uricase of Macaca fuscata.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Alteration of cerebral ganglioside metabolism in developing Snell dwarf mice.

The ganglioside metabolism of the Snell dwarf cerebrum was examined on postnatal days 15 and 20, by monitoring the rate of incorporation of radioactivity into each ganglioside species from tritiated N-acetyl-D-mannosamine. It was found that the turnover rate of the GM3 ganglioside was reduced throughout the entire period of development, resulting in retardation of A pathway metabolism which becomes abundant during late cerebral development. In addition, the turnover rate of the GM4 species, which is considered related to myelin formation, was also found to be reduced throughout the entire period of cerebral development.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Acquired von Willebrand disease due to inhibitor of human myeloma protein specific for von Willebrand factor.

A patient with acquired von Willebrand disease associated with multiple myeloma (IgG-lambda) is described. Mixture of his plasma or IgG fraction with washed control platelets resulted in the inhibition of aggregation with ristocetin, but mixture of control plasma or IgG fraction with washed patient platelets showed no inhibition of ristocetin-induced aggregation. Although his vWF: Ag, RCo, and factor VIII coagulant activity were all normal, inactivation of RCo was induced in normal plasma by incubation with patient plasma. Crossed immunoelectrophoretic analysis showed that vWF:Ag was composed of much more anodic component. A marked increase of Factor VIII and a rapid return of RCo to the baseline after 1-deamino-8-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) infusion were observed. A transient increase in vWF:Ag after the infusion of DDAVP showed with less anodic forms and in the relative proportion as in normal. Treatment of the underlying disease also led to a correction of the bleeding time, improvement of platelet adhesion and ristocetin-induced aggregation, and normalization of crossed immunoelectrophoresis of vWF:Ag. The present study showed that myeloma-associated IgG interacted specifically with the antigenic sites on the von Willebrand portion of the Factor VIII complex.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparative studies of the biological activities of human tumor necrosis factor and its derivatives.

Biological activities of human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its derivatives were compared. In cytotoxicity assay with L929 cells, one derivative, designated as TNF(Asn), showed significantly lower activity than any other TNF examined. In binding assay, this derivative was also shown to have lower affinity for TNF receptors on L929 cells, suggesting that the cytotoxic activity of TNFs on L929 cells correlates with their affinity for receptors. We also found that the cytotoxic activity of TNF on A673 cells and its inhibitory effect on lipoprotein lipase were parallel with the cytotoxic activity on L929 cells, but the growth-enhancing activity on FS-4 cells and the cytotoxic activity on endothelial cells were not. It was also shown that TNF(Asn) had lower affinity than any other TNF for receptors on these target cells tested. These results suggested that there might be at least two types of cellular responses to TNF; one might correlate with the receptor-binding affinity of TNFs and the other not.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Treatment resistant chronic psychopathology and CT scans in schizophrenia.

In order to examine the relationship between the neuroleptic resistant chronic psychopathology and CT findings in schizophrenia, 25 schizophrenics who had been treated well and were in a stable condition were assessed for positive and negative symptoms, CT findings, medication, and the clinical course of illness. Correlational analysis showed that there was a group of patients who had comparatively small ventricles and presented treatment resistant positive symptoms, and another group of patients who had larger ventricles and lacked positive symptoms. Negative symptoms showed a tendency toward positive correlation with atrophic CT changes of cortices. Literature on CT findings and symptomatology was critically reviewed. The importance of the more chronic positive symptoms correlating to CT findings in schizophrenia were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Marine bacteria which produce tetrodotoxin.

A number of type strains of marine bacteria, including members of the family Vibrionaceae, were cultured and examined for tetrodotoxin productivity by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Most of the Vibrionaceae strains produced tetrodotoxin, anhydrotetrodotoxin, or both.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1987

Presence of a somatomedin-C-immunoreactive substance in the central nervous system: immunohistochemical mapping studies.

Somatomedin C (SMC; insulin-like growth factor I) is thought to mediate the effects of growth hormone (GH) mainly on skeletal growth. SMC is produced in the liver but its production by various other fetal tissues including the brain, suggests a local regulatory role rather than a general one. A substance cross-reacting with recombinant human SMC (rSMC) was localized in the central nervous system (CNS) of the normal control and Snell dwarf mice by the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. rSMC-immunoreactive substance (rSMC-IRS) was found in the neuronal cells of forebrain structures. These included the caudate nucleus/putamen, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, globus pallidus and amygdala. No positive cells were found in the cerebral cortex. Investigation of the dwarf brain showed rSMC-IRS distributed in identical areas of the brain, although the intensity of the staining of rSMC-IRS was found to be weaker than that of the positive cells in the normal brain. Moreover, the number of positive cells was found to be less than in the normal brain. After treatment with bovine GH for 3 days the reduced number of positive cells and weaker staining in the cerebral sections of the dwarf mice did not change. Thus, rSMC may represent another peptide which is common to both the endocrine and the nervous system, with a potential neurotransmitter/neuromodulator function in the CNS.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Factors controlling induction of commitment of murine erythroleukemia (TSA8) cells to CFU-E (colony forming unit-erythroid).

On addition of DMSO, the MEL cell line TSA8 becomes committed into erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-E) which can form differentiated colonies in the presence of erythropoietin. To understand the mechanism of cellular commitment, the number and the affinity of the receptors for erythropoietin were estimated. The affinity of the receptors did not change before or after induction. The number of receptors changed depending on the growth phase, but was not dependent on the addition of the inducer. Thus, the presence of the receptors for erythropoietin may be required, but are not essential for responsiveness to erythropoietin. Further examination of the optimum conditions for commitment suggests that the concomitant actions of induced factor(s) with the receptors may control commitment of TSA8 cells to CFU-E.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP) prevents pulmonary edema induced by arachidonic acid treatment in isolated perfused lung from guinea pig.

Protective effect of alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP) on pulmonary edema was investigated using an isolated perfused lung model. Infusion of alpha-hANP (1.7 to 22 ng/ml or 0.56 to 7.3 nM) prevented the edema induced in isolated lung from guinea pig by repeated treatment of 50 micrograms of arachidonic acid at 30 min intervals via the pulmonary artery. The antiedematic action of alpha-hANP was considered to be receptor mediated because the effective concentration was close to the Kd value of the binding of the ANP receptors in the lung homogenate.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Examination of exchange assay for glucocorticoid receptor.

We examined a method for the measurement of total, activated and non-activated glucocorticoid receptors using sodium-p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (PHMB) and dithiothereitol (DTT) developed by Banerji and Kalimi (1981). Since the concentration of PHMB required for dissociation of the ligand from the receptors varied with the concentration of protein in the reaction mixture and the rate of reassociation of the ligand to the ligand-liberated receptors was sensitive to the concentration of PHMB used, it was necessary to find the minimum concentration of PHMB which was required for complete dissociation of the ligand. When the optimum concentration of PHMB was selected based on the concentration of protein in the cytosol, almost 100% exchange was attained in the non-heated dexamethasone (Dex)-receptor complexes by this method. However when Dex-receptor complexes were heated at 25 degrees C for 30 min, the amount of 3H-Dex reassociated with the glucocorticoid receptors dropped to 60% of that of the non-heated ones. DEAE-cellulose chromatography of the heated sample revealed that approx. 40% of the bound receptors were activated (eluted with 0.05 M KCl) during the heating period. After DEAE cellulose column chromatography of the exchanged 3H-Dex receptor, complexes reassociated with 3H-Dex were observed only in the fraction of unactivated receptor complexes (eluted with 0.2 M KCl). Furthermore, the fraction eluted with 0.05 M KCl in the DEAE cellulose chromatography of liver cytosol bound to unlabelled Dex did not exchange significantly with 3H-Dex with the method used in the present study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of gizzerosine on acid secretion by isolated mucosal cells of chicken proventriculus.

Mucosal cells of the chicken proventriculus were isolated by a collagenase perfusion method and O2 uptake by the isolated cells was measured as an index of the activity of gastric acid secretion. Oxygen consumption was enhanced by histamine; this effect was augmented by the coexistence of isobutylmethylxanthine, an inhibitor of cyclic adenosine 5.-monophosphate (AMP) phosphodiesterase, and suppressed by imidazole, an activator of the enzyme. The action of histamine was inhibited by cimetidine, an antagonist of the histamine H2 receptor. These results indicate that the isolated cells retained the capacity to take up O2, responding to histamine via the H2 receptor and probably the cyclic AMP level. Gizzerosine (2-amino-9-(4-imidazolyl)-7-azanonanoic acid) also stimulated O2 consumption by the isolated cells. The effect of gizzerosine was cancelled by cimetidine, suggesting that the mechanism by which gizzerosine acts on the mucosal cells is similar to that of histamine action. These observations are consistent with our previous presumption that gizzerosine causes gizzard erosion by enhancing gastric acid secretion in chickens.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Secretion of egg white proteins in primary cultured oviduct cells of laying Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

Oviduct (magnum) cells of laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were isolated after digestion of the magnum portion by collagenase and dispase and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DME) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. The cultured cells formed a monolayer. Immunoperoxidase staining with antiovalbumin and anticonalbumin antibodies elucidated that more than 90% of the total population of the cells contained ovalbumin and conalbumin within the cytoplasm. The result shows that the cultured cells are composed mainly of tubular gland cells. Cells secreted ovalbumin and conalbumin continuously for several days. Secretion of these egg white proteins was confirmed to be inhibited by colchicine and vinblastine, which means that the microtubular system is involved in the secretion pathway of the proteins, as is widely accepted. Tunicamycin, an inhibitor of glycosylation of proteins, blocked the glycosylation of nascent ovalbumin molecules at a concentration of 5 micrograms/mL in the medium. However, immunoreactive ovalbumin was secreted under these conditions, without being glycosylated. This suggests that the carbohydrate moiety of ovalbumin is not essential for the secretion of ovalbumin. The secretion of ovalbumin was inhibited by brefeldin A, which is supposed to inhibit the transport of proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. The present method of cultivating egg white-secreting cells will be useful in investigations of mechanisms and regulation of the synthesis and secretion of egg white proteins in birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Indication and effect of bromocriptine in euprolactinemic amenorrhea--comparison with clomiphene].

Effect of bromocriptine on induction of ovulation and occurrence of pregnancy was examined in patients with normoprolactinemic ovulatory disturbances. The patients under study (53 in number) were divided into two groups, A and B, depending on the effect clomiphene had on the ovulatory responses and the occurrence of pregnancy. Of the group A, patients (21 in number), who had failed to show any ovulatory response to clomiphene, 8 patients ovulated on bromocriptine alone. Three out of 13 patients who complained of sterility became pregnant. Three out of 8 patients who had not ovulated on bromocriptine therapy alone ovulated on a combination of bromocriptine and clomiphene, and 2 out of these 3 cases became pregnant. Of the group B patients (31 in number), who had failed to become pregnant in spite of ovulatory responses to previous clomiphene therapies, 7 out of 23 became pregnant, who complained of sterility when on bromocriptine alone. Out of 12 cases who had failed to get pregnant on the bromocriptine alone, 2 patients became pregnant on the combination of bromocriptine and clomiphene. These data may indicate that the bromocriptine or the combined therapy of bromocriptine and clomiphene is useful for the treatment of patients with ovulatory disturbances or sterility who do not respond to the clomiphene therapy.

Adult↗