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Biomedical subjects

T Nitta

Publications and source records attributed to T Nitta.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Management of pain after thoracotomy: experience of intercostal nerve block with alcohol during operation].

Post-thoracotomy wound pain in 11 patients who underwent thoracic operation was controlled by intercostal nerve block with alcohol and thoracic epidural anesthesia. The intercostal nerve block was performed just before the closure of the thoracotomy wound. Epidural anesthesia was employed from the 1st to 5th post operative day. This method alleviated post-thoracotomy pain and obviated postoperative pulmonary complication in all patients in early post operative periods. In late post operative periods after discharge, intercostal nerve block could maintain excellent analgesia in 9 of 11 patients, only 2 patients required analgesic drugs or re-block of the intercostal nerve. Thus, intercostal nerve block with alcohol is an effective and simple option to control recalcitrant post-thoracotomy wound pain in thoracic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Predominant expression of T cell receptor V alpha 7 in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of uveal melanoma.

Expression of T cell receptor (TCR) V alpha genes in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) within intraocular melanoma was studied. Primers for 18 different human TCR V alpha families were used to analyze TCR V alpha-C alpha gene rearrangements in TIL in these melanomas obtained at surgery. A limited number of TCR V alpha genes were expressed and rearranged in these tumors, and TILs expressing V alpha 7 were found in seven of eight of these uveal melanomas. TCR gene usage is also restricted in experimental autoimmune disease, in T cells within organs like skin and other epithelial tissues, and in the brain of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The restricted usage of TCR genes in TIL may indicate that a specific antigen in these melanomas is targeted.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Preliminary trial of specific targeting therapy against malignant glioma.

The results of specific targeting therapy by use of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells treated with bispecific antibody in 10 patients with malignant glioma were compared with the results of therapy with untreated LAK cells in 10 other patients. Both treated and untreated cells were given locally. The bispecific antibody was an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) chemically conjugated to anti-glioma mAb. Of the 10 patients given specific targeting therapy, 4 showed regression of tumour, and in another 4 patients computed tomography and histology suggested eradication of the glioma cells left behind after surgery. No recurrence was detected in the 10 to 18 months of follow-up. Patients receiving untreated LAK cells had recurrences within 1 year except in 1 case, and 8 patients died within 4 years. So far specific targeting therapy seems to be a new useful form of adoptive immunotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Massive cranial ossifying myxoma in a child.

A case is presented in which a myxoma developed in the mastoid region in the cranium and extending to the middle and posterior fossa. The patient was an 11-year-old girl with a history from birth of a painless mass in the mastoid region. On admission, she had bilateral papilledema, left homonymous hemianopia, and right hearing impairment. The computerized tomography showed a massive low-density area with intralesional ossification. The extra-axial mass was completely removed. Skepticism toward the existence of myxoma affecting the cranium, in an extragnathic osseous site, is discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Induction of cytotoxicity in human T cells coated with anti-glioma x anti-CD3 bispecific antibody against human glioma cells.

A bifunctional hetero-F(ab')2 antibody fragment was developed that contained the Fab portions from anti-CD3 and anti-glioma monoclonal antibodies. The antibody simultaneously recognized two different molecules, the CD3 complex on effector T cells and a human glioma-associated antigen; thus, it could cross-link effector and target cells. This bispecific F(ab')2 fragment induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC's) from healthy donors to lyse cells of the human glioma cell line, U251MG, which are resistant to natural killer cell-mediated cytolysis. The effect of the bispecific antibody on lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity was tested in patients suffering from malignant glioma. For this study, PBMC's from these patients were preactivated with recombinant interleukin-2 and their killer activity against U251MG cells was investigated in vitro with and without the bispecific antibody. The LAK cell activity of the PBMC's from patients with malignant gliomas was found to be suppressed compared with those of healthy donors. However, after preincubation with bispecific antibody, the patients' LAK cells exhibited marked cytolytic activity against U251MG cells. These findings suggest that this bispecific antibody may be a useful addition to anti-glioma immunotherapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of receptor expression on astrocytic cells].

Astrocytes are regarded as matrix of the neuron in central nervous system (CNS) and involve nutritional and supporting function of neuron. It was clarified that human and murine cultured astrocytes had Fc receptor (FcR) on their cell surface from the study of EA rosette assay, reverse ADCC (antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity) and flow cytometric analysis with anti-FcR monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in this study. Human glioma cells express FcR III recognized by mAb MG 12 and mouse astrocytes express FcR II recognized by mAb 2.4 G 2. Expression of FcR on human astrocytes is compatible with FcR-mediated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection in CNS. Expression of adhesion molecules engaged in T and natural killer cell cytotoxicity was also investigated for human glioma cells. CD 56 (NKH-1 or Leu 19), which is an isoform of N-CAM (neural cell adhesion molecule) mainly distributed on human NK cells and a subset of T cells, was also expressed in neuroglial cells. LFA-3, a ligand for CD 2, but not ICAM-1, a ligand for LFA-1, was, expressed on glioma cells. So, CD 56 was suggested to be a new adhesion molecule in NK cell mediated lysis of glioma cells by their homotypic adhesive character.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Induction of cytotoxicity from human lymphocytes coated with bispecific antibody against human glioma cells].

A bifunctional hetero-F (ab') 2 fragment containing the Fab portions from anti-CD3 and anti-glioma monoclonal antibodies was prepared. The antibody simultaneously recognized two different molecules, the CD3 complex on effector T cells and human glioma-associated antigens on target glioma cells. This bispecific F (ab') 2 fragment induced peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from healthy donors to lyse cells of the human glioma cell line, U251MG, that is resistant to natural killer cell-mediated cytolysis. Compared with lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity which is obtained by exposure to interleukin (IL)-2 for more than 3 days, the maximum bispecific antibody-dependent cytotoxicity can be generated only after 24 hour exposure to IL-2. And cytotoxicity of lymphocytes triggered by the bispecific antibody was dependent upon the concentration of IL-2 in the culture medium. The effect of the bispecific antibody on LAK cells was tested in patients suffering from malignant glioma. One patient who received specific targeting therapy (LAK plus bispecific antibody) showed the disappearance of high density tumor mass from CT scan. But the patient who received only LAK therapy showed the recurrence of tumor one year after LAK treatment. These are preliminary data, but may be a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Involvement of CD56 (NKH-1/Leu-19 antigen) as an adhesion molecule in natural killer-target cell interaction.

The CD56 differentiation antigen, recognized by anti-Leu-19 and NKH-1 mAbs, is a 200-220-kD glycoprotein that is expressed predominantly on human NK cells and a minor subset of T lymphocytes mediating MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity. The recent finding that CD56 is an isoform of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) prompted us to examine the adhesive function of CD56 in the NK-target cell interaction. Synergistic inhibitory effects of anti-CD56 mAbs with anti-LFA-1 and/or anti-LFA-3 mAbs were demonstrated on NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and on NK cell binding to target cells only when the target cells also express CD56. These findings indicate that CD56 on NK cells can serve as the third pathway of cell adhesion other than those mediated by the CD2/LFA-3 and LFA-1/ICAM-1 interactions, and is involved in NK cell cytotoxicity when interacting with the cells bearing N-CAM.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Activation of peripheral blood T cells via the p75 interleukin 2 receptor.

By using mAb and flow cytometry, a constitutive expression of the p75 IL-2R was revealed in human peripheral blood CD8+ T cells and TCR delta-1+ T cells as well as in CD16+ NK cells. Anti-p75 IL-2R mAb almost completely inhibited the induction of cytolytic activity in these T cells by brief exposure to IL-2, as estimated by anti-TCR/CD3 mAb-targeted cytotoxicity. While anti-p55 IL-2R mAb alone inhibited the response only modestly, maximal inhibition was achieved by combining both anti-p55 and anti-p75 IL-2R mAbs. These results indicate that the p75 IL-2R constitutively expressed on peripheral blood CD8+ T cells and TCR delta-1+ T cells is predominantly responsible for the direct activation of these cells by IL-2.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Bispecific F (ab')2 monomer prepared with anti-CD3 and anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies is most potent in induction of cytolysis of human T cells.

Induction of cytolytic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells towards target cells was studied by preparing bispecific F(ab')2 which was composed of two Fab' fragments, one of which was derived from anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody and the other from anti-tumor monoclonal antibody. After reduction of the interchange disulfide bonds of these fragments by dithiothreitol, a thiol-disulfide interchain reagent, 5,5'-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid, was added to convert the free SH groups of one of the Fab' fragments to mixed disulfide derivatives. These were then coupled with the other Fab' fragment bearing free SH groups, producing a bispecific hybrid F(ab')2 monomer of high yield. The bispecific F(ab')2 monomers were able to render nonactivated peripheral blood mononuclear cells cytotoxic against natural killer-resistant tumor cell lines at doses as low as 1 microgram/ml. The polymeric forms of the F(ab')2 fragments prepared by use of cross-linking reagents such as N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithiol)-propionate (SPDP) or S-acetylmercaptosuccinic acid anhydride (SAMSA) were less efficient for induction of cytolytic activity than the monomeric one. It may be feasible to use bispecific F(ab')2 monomers in cancer immunotherapy because of the ease of preparation, as well as the efficiency in inducing cytolytic activity and their high tissue permeability due to their small size (100-110 kDa). In addition, redirected cytolytic activity towards peripheral blood mononuclear cells by reticuloendothelial system cells, resulting from linking these two types of cells through Fc-Fc receptor interactions, does not occur.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1989

Surgical treatment of Sturge-Weber syndrome--case report.

It is well known that when Sturge-Weber syndrome manifests with seizures in early infancy, hemiparesis develops early, seizures become intractable, and motor weakness and mental retardation are progressive. In North America and Europe, early surgical intervention is recommended in such cases. However, neurosurgical management of Sturge-Weber syndrome has not been reported in Japan. The authors describe a 4-month-old boy with Sturge-Weber syndrome accompanied by intractable seizures who was successfully treated by a two-stage hemispherectomy. Two years postoperatively he remains free of seizures and is active, although his psychomotor development is moderately retarded. Surgical treatment of Sturge-Weber syndrome, including long-term results, is discussed in detail.

Angiomatosis↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of thoracic foreign body resembling fungus ball on chest X-P].

A case of a foreign body tumor resembling fungus ball pre-operatively diagnosed by bronchofiberscopic examination is reported. A 54-year-old male was referred with a complaint of fever. Chest X-ray and tomography showed a mass shadow with meniscus sign resembling fungus ball in the right lower lung field. Trans-bronchial lung biopsy revealed sulfur-granule of actinomycosis. In spite of local injection of sensitive antibiotics (ABPC) once a week for two months the mass shadow remained unchanged on X-ray. Bronchofiberscopic examination was performed again and a small piece of fibrous substance was obtained, which had been left in previous operation done 17 years before. Re-thoracotomy assured that the mass was a foreign body tumor caused by a gauze.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1989

Antigen-dependent and -independent proliferative T-cell populations in the peritoneal exudate cells of immunized mice.

In vitro proliferative responses of T lymphocytes in the peritoneal exudate cells of C3H/HeN(Iak) mice immunized with horse red blood cells (HRBC) were examined by determining the uptake of tritiated thymidine [( 3H]TdR) into the cells. Although the cells showed a basal proliferative response in the absence of antigen, addition of specific antigen increased the response sharply. Both the basal response and that stimulated by antigen disappeared if the cells had been previously treated with complement and anti-Iak antibody (AIak), anti-MAC-1 antibody (AMAC-1) or anti-Thy-1 antibody, but not anti-Ig antibody. Adding macrophages prepared from the peritoneal exudate cells of normal mice to AMAC-1-treated T-cell (i.e. Iak+ plus Iak- T-cell) cultures restored both of the responses, while adding them to AIak-treated T cells (i.e. Iak- T cells) only restored the antigen-specific response. These findings indicate that the basal proliferation is due to or dependent on the proliferation of Iak+ T cells, while the antigen-specific response is mainly due to Iak- T cells. Furthermore, interleukin (IL)-2 production was also examined. Immune T cells produced some IL-2 in the absence of antigen. The production by AMAC-1- or AIak-treated cells was impaired, but adding macrophages to the AMAC-1-treated cell cultures restored production. This result also suggests that the mode of IL-2 production by the Iak+ and Iak- cells is different. Proliferative responses of AMAC-1- or AIak-treated T cells to IL-2 were also examined. The AIak-treated cells dose-dependently responded to IL-2, while the response of Iak+ cells, which could be estimated by subtracting the response of AIak-treated cells from that of AMAC-1-treated cells, did not depend on the doses. These results indicate that in the immune peritoneal exudate the Iak+ T cells are functionally different from Iak- T cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The treatment of traumatic chylothorax].

Traumatic chylothorax is classified as follows; postoperative and nonsurgical. We have encountered 5 cases of traumatic chylothorax, 2 after resection of lung cancer, 2 after repair of congenital heart disease and 1 after blunt chest injury. The incidence of this complication was 0.2% after surgery for cardiovascular diseases, and 0.6% for lung cancer in our institute. We carried out operation two cases successfully, one after resection for lung cancer and the other for Tetralogy of Fallot. The treatment should be determined according to the condition of the underlying diseases. We choose conservative therapy at first which is generally recommended. When chylous discharge continues, conservative therapy should be carried out when new operative skin incision is necessary for the treatment of chylothorax. Operative therapy is desirable in cases with pulmonary resection which makes dead space in pleural cavity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Analytical high-performance affinity chromatography of ovalbumin-derived glycopeptides on columns of concanavalin A-and wheat germ agglutinin-immobilized gels.

Concanavalin A (Con A) or wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was immobilized on a silica-based support, and the chromatographic behaviours of a series of dansylated ovalbumin-derived glycopeptides on small columns of the resultant gels were compared. These columns had high contents of lectins, and allowed differentiation of these glycopeptides. This method was rapid and reproducible, and enabled sensitive detection of these fluorescent glycopeptides. The structural requirement of these glycopeptides to manifest affinity to the immobilized lectins is also discussed, based on binding constants obtained from their retention times.

Chromatography, Affinity↗