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Biomedical subjects

T Nishio

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishio.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Quantitative analysis of systolic blood pressure tracking during childhood and adolescence using a tracking index: the Shimane Heart Study.

We used a tracking index to carry out a quantitative analysis of blood pressure tracking in children and adolescents. The index was calculated according to changes in blood pressure quintiles for the whole population during the observation period. The study population consisted of 463 Japanese children living in Izumo, who were examined every 3 years from 6 to 12 years of age in cohort 1, and from 9 to 15 years of age in cohort 2. In both sexes, the tracking index decreased transiently during the period from 9 to 12 years of age and increased again thereafter. The index was higher in girls than in boys except for the period from 12 to 15 years. Correlation coefficients between blood pressure at the first and that at the second examination increased with age in both sexes. We conclude that the tracking index could quantify the degree of tracking. Systolic blood pressure tracked well during childhood and adolescence, and the degree of tracking increased after the age of 12 years in both sexes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Cat-contaminated environmental substances lead to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in children.

A 1-year-old boy was infected with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotypes 1b and 3, and his 3-year-old brother was infected with Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype 1b; both had drunk water from puddles in a garden of their housing district of Miyoshi City, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. The Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype 1b and 3 strains isolated from soil from the dried-up puddles and sand and feces from the sandbox proved to be from a stray cat. The restriction endonuclease patterns of the plasmid in each strain of Y. pseudotuberculosis serotypes 1b and 3 were identical. These data provide evidence for the transmission of Y. pseudotuberculosis through water, sand, and soil contaminated by feces from cats infected with this species.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in adolescence: report of a case].

The patient is a 17 year-old girl who was admitted with the chief complaint of asymptomatic gross hematuria. Excretory urography showed a filling defect of the urinary bladder. Abdominal echography showed a papillary tumor of the urinary bladder. Cystoscopy showed a papillary bladder tumor on the posterior area of left ureteral orifice. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed for diagnosis and treatment. Pathological diagnosis was papillary transitional cell carcinoma (grade 1, pTa). Thirty cases of transitional cell tumor of the urinary bladder in childhood and adolescence have been reported in Japan including this case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrasonic tissue characterization of parotid tumors--analysis with the acoustic microscope].

The purpose of this study was to investigate acoustic properties of parotid tumors in detail by using the mechanically scanned acoustic microscope. The frequency of ultrasound was fixed at 200MHz. The amplitude images and the phase contrast images were taken in pictures. Mean attenuation, mean velocity, microscopic variation of the attenuation and that of the sound velocity were also measured and analyzed. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The acoustic properties of the tissue were optically displayed in the amplitude image and the phase contrast image. 2) The mean attenuation of malignant tumors was stronger than that of benign ones. 3) Microscopic variation of the attenuation was greater for malignant tumors than for benign ones. 4) No difference in velocity was found when malignant tumors and benign ones were compared as a whole, although the mean velocities are known to vary depending on the histological types. 5) The microscopic variation of the velocity was greater for malignant tumors than for benign ones. 6) Values of mean attenuation and mean velocity were strongly affected by the number of collagenous fiber. Microscopic variation of attenuation and that of velocity were affected by the arrangement of the tissue materials. 7) It is concluded that mean attenuation, mean velocity, microscopic variation of attenuation and that of velocity were useful parameters in investigating the acoustic properties of the tissue.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1989

[A new treatment of hyperkalemia in renal failure with selective beta 2-adrenergic stimulant, terbutaline sulfate].

Plasma potassium lowering effect of a selective beta-2 adrenergic stimulant, terbutaline sulfate (TRB) was investigated in fourteen patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Fourteen CRF patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) (5 male, 2 female) and diabetes mellitus (DM) (3 male, 4 female) were infused with 0.4 mg TRB dissolved in 100 ml of 10% maltose solution. Serum potassium level in the CGN group significantly (p less than 0.01) decreased after 20 minutes infusion and maximum lowering effect (1.1 mEq/l) was obtained 40 minutes after the start. On the other hand, the maximum lowering effect of serum potassium level in the DM group (0.77 mEq/l) was obtained 60 minutes after the start. No serious metabolic and hemodynamic side effect was observed except only slight transient tachycardia in 2 CGN patients and 3 DM patients. Thus, a beta-2 selective adrenergic stimulant, terbutaline sulfate may be useful for acute treatment of hyperkalemia in CRF patients by way of the stimulation of potassium uptake in the cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Positron emission tomography in two cases of transient global amnesia].

We encountered two cases of typical transient global amnesia (a 53-year-old woman and a 50-year-old man). Both cases showed no evidence of abnormal findings which caused the attack on examinations of CSF, EEG, brain CT, brain MRI and cerebral angiography. Examinations of positron emission tomography, using 15O labeled CO2 and O2, were performed on 14 and 8 days after the attack in the female and male cases, respectively, and those disclosed decreased regional blood flow (CBF), increased oxygen extraction ratio (OER), and decreased oxygen metabolic ratio (CMRO2) in the bilateral medial temporal and occipital lobes, which were supplied by the bilateral posterior cerebral arteries. PET, performed on about one month after the attack, revealed normalized values of CBF, OER, CMRO2 in both cases. These findings strongly suggested that transient global amnesia in our cases may be related to ischemia of the bilateral posterior cerebral arteries.

Amnesia↗
PubMed1988

Aluminum transport and dialysance during haemodialysis.

Aluminum transfer and dialysance during haemodialysis and plasma aluminum concentrations in haemodialysis patients were examined. Plasma aluminum in 30 volunteer outpatients tended to decrease after 5-hour dialysis (6.35 +/- 3.02 micrograms/dl before haemodialysis; 5.41 +/- 2.60 micrograms/dl after haemodialysis). The decrease was mainly due to diffusion despite haemoconcentration evidenced by a significant increase in the haematocrit and total plasma protein during dialysis. To study the changes resulting from diffusion, we measured aluminum in the arterial blood and in the dialysate at the inflow and outflow sites of the dialyzer. There was a non-significant decrease in the plasma aluminum of arterial blood from 6.20 +/- 2.90 to 5.64 +/- 2.55 micrograms/dl, but a significant increase in the dialysate aluminum from 0.38 +/- 0.18 micrograms/dl to 1.10 +/- 0.66 micrograms/dl. Aluminum diffused across the dialyzer from the blood to the dialysate in 23 cases and into the blood in 7 others. When aluminum dialysance is high, plasma aluminum can be removed to the dialysate during haemodialysis.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1988

Fluorescence titration and fluorescence stopped-flow studies of skeletal muscle troponin-nonpolymerizable tropomyosin complex.

The midpoint pCa value of the fluorescence titration curve of the complex of 2-[4'-iodoacetamido)anilino)-naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid-labeled troponin (IAANS-Tn) and nonpolymerizable tropomyosin (NPTm) was much larger than that for the complex of Tn containing dansylaziridine-labeled troponin C (DANZ-TnC) and NPTm. The midpoint was pCa 8.25 for the former protein and 6.80 for the latter protein in 0.1 M KCl, 50 mM Na-cacodylate-HCl (pH 7.0); and pCa 7.90 for the former protein and 6.70 for the latter protein in the presence of 3 mM MgCl2 in the same solvent system. The time course of the fluorescence intensity change of the protein complex subsequent to rapid decrease of free Ca2+ concentration of the solution was measured with a stopped-flow spectrophotometer: The process was exponential and its rate constant was 9.9 s-1 for IAANS-Tn-NPTm at pCa 8.95 and 26.6 s-1 for Tn(DANZ-TnC)-NPTm at pCa 8.99 in the absence of MgCl2 in the same solvent system as in the fluorescence titration experiment. IAANS binds to Cys-133 of TnI and DANZ to Met-25 in the low affinity Ca2+-binding sites of TnC. These results suggest that IAANS bound to Cys-133 of TnI does not directly detect the Ca2+-binding to the low affinity Ca2+-binding site of TnC, but does detect the conformational change of the Tn-NPTm complex induced by the Ca2+-binding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Macromolecular Substances↗
PubMed1988

Enzymatic transesterification with the lipase from Pseudomonas fragi 22.39 B in a non-aqueous reaction system.

The lipase from Pseudomonas fragi 22.39 B catalyzed the transesterification in ester and alcohol mixtures without any other solvent. Activated esters, such as vinyl and phenyl esters, were excellent acyl donors for the reaction, and the activity was enhanced by increasing the carbon number of the fatty acid fraction of the esters. Primary alcohols were esterified faster than secondary ones in this reaction system, while tertiary alcohols such as alpha-terpineol did not react at all. The lipase exhibited stereoselectivity in the esterification of alcohols such as 2-octanol.

Esterification↗
PubMed1988

Effects of low-dose chronic diltiazem treatment on hemodynamic changes in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The effects of long-term diltiazem treatment on hemodynamic and cardiovascular characteristics were investigated in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and their respective untreated controls. The drug was administered to treated rats over a period of 24 weeks. Body weight, left ventricular weight, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, max dp/dt or maximum velocity of the contractile element (Vmax) were not significantly different in diltiazem-treated SHR and untreated SHR. In diltiazem-treated SHR, cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume index (SI) were significantly increased and total peripheral resistance and the index of left ventricular compliance (delta P/delta V) were significantly decreased compared with untreated SHR. Left ventricular pumping ability in treated SHR was higher than that in untreated SHR, despite the low dose of diltiazem given. However, there was no significant difference between treated and untreated WKY. Long-term diltiazem treatment did not affect left ventricular function or biochemical properties in SHR and WKY. These data suggest that long-term diltiazem treatment improves pump function in SHR without changing blood pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of heart rate on the end-systolic wall stress-mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening relation.

The correlation of left ventricular end-systolic wall stress (ESS) with the mean velocity of fiber shortening (mVcf) is an index of the myocardial contractile state, independent of the ventricular loading conditions (afterload). However, there have been few reported estimates of the effect of changes in the heart rate on the ESS-mVcf relationship. In the present study, 25 subjects with histories of Kawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome: MCLS) were evaluated for the effects of changes in heart rate, afterload and preload, on the ESS-mVcf relationship. The latter was independent of afterload. After atrial pacing, ESS decreased and mVcf increased, both significantly, compared to those of subjects at rest. The change of the ESS-mVcf relationship induced by atrial pacing approximately paralleled the mean regression line obtained in the resting state. However, the shift induced by preload was not parallel to the mean regression line for the resting population. These data suggest that the ESS-mVcf relationship is independent of any change in heart rate, and that it may depend on preload.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1988

Diastolic left ventricular function in normal children: the maximal positive dD/dt compared with the E/A ratio of mitral flow pattern.

The normal values for left ventricular diastolic function in children are influenced by numerous factors. As an index of this function, the maximum velocity of left ventricular internal dimension expansion (+ max dD/dt) was calculated from M-mode echocardiography for 33 normal persons who ranged in age from seven days to 18 years. This index showed a linear correlation with left ventricular end-diastolic dimension in the resting state. This index was compared with the E/A ratio which is ordinarily used as the diastolic functional index for children. Considering changes in physical development during childhood, both indices showed similar trends in relation to body surface area. The E/A ratio was strongly influenced by heart rate, but + max dD/dt was not. This was the major difference between two indices.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A case of acute rheumatic fever: echocardiographic findings for mitral regurgitation in acute rheumatic carditis.

An eight-year-old girl with mitral regurgitation in acute rheumatic fever was examined by echocardiography. The examination showed posterior displacement of the coaptation point of the anterior mitral leaflet, i.e. anterior mitral prolapse, and did not indicate signs of edematous change or verrucous fibrin deposits on the valves. Mitral valve prolapse is thought to be one of the causes of mitral regurgitation in acute rheumatic carditis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Quantification of blood pressure tracking of children by tracking index: the Shimane Heart Study.

The tracking of systolic blood pressure (SBP) was analyzed in a cohort of children. The study population consisted of 1009 Japanese children in Izumo City, a rural community in the northwest of Honshu. There were 252 subjects in cohort (C)-1, 235 in C-2, 286 in C-3, 131 in C-4 and 105 in C-5. Follow-up periods were from 6 to 9 years of age in C-1, 9 to 12 in C-2, 12 to 15 in C-3, 6 to 12 in C-4 and 9 to 15 in C-5. BP was measured by conventional method. Tracking index (TI) was calculated as follows: TI = (2x + y - z)/N/.24; x, y and z are numbers of subjects who remained at the same quintile, who moved to the next quintile and who moved to a remote quintile, respectively; N = x + y + z; TI becomes 1.0 when SBP changes randomly. SBP tracking was apparent in both sexes of C-1 (TI = 2.4 in boys, 2.5 in girls), in girls of C-2 (TI = 3.5), in both sexes of C-3 (TI = 3.2 in boys, 2.7 in girls) and in girls of C-4 (TI = 4.1) and C-5 (TI = 3.3). TI agreed well with the tracking phenomena visualized by distribution bar graph. We conclude that TI can assess the degree of tracking quantitatively and can be applied to analysis of the tracking phenomena of BP and its related factors.

Blood Pressure↗