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T Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishimura.

At least 1,459 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Neural factors affecting the muscle activity of the human mesotubarium ovarica at ovulatory phase.

Histochemical and in vitro investigations of the autonomic innervation in the human mesotubarium ovarica (MTO) are described here in the course of our studying its physiologic role in the capture of released oocytes at ovulation. The present results imply that the muscle activity of MTO is under the excitatory control of cholinergic nerves and under a reciprocal (predominantly excitatory) control of adrenergic nerves, and that both adrenergic and cholinergic neural factors (at least postsynaptic ones) are related in the enhancement of the muscle activity of MTO around the time of ovulation.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

[Laboratory and clinical studies on ceftizoxime (author's transl)].

The authors have carried out the laboratory and clinical studies of ceftizoxime (CZX), and obtained the following results. 1. The antibacterial activities of CZX were measured by plate dilution method against clinical isolates of S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. CZX inhibited the growth of S. aureus at concentrations less than 12.5 micrograms/ml, and the peak of sensitivity distribution was obtained at 3.13 micrograms/ml with an inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. And the peak sensitivity distribution of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were obtained at less than 0.1 microgram/ml and that of P. aeruginosa was obtained at 6.25 micrograms/ml. 2. Phagocytosis was determined by Quie's method. Phagocytosis of E. coli and K. pneumoniae by human polymorphonuclear neutrophil was more enhanced in the presence of 1 MIC and 1/2 MIC of CZX than of CEZ at 4 and 6 hours after incubation. 3. As for pharmacokinetic study, CZX was given by intravenous injection and drip infusion for 1 hour at a single dose of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg. After intravenous injection of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg of CZX, the mean peak serum levels were 19.1 +/- 3.4 micrograms/ml and 69.1 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, and half-life times were 1.20 hours and 1.35 hours, respectively. After 1 hour drip infusion of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg of CZX, the mean peak serum levels were 28.8 +/- 3.6 micrograms/ml and 60.9 +/- 5.9 micrograms/ml at the end of infusion, and half-life times were 1.40 hours and 1.77 hours, respectively. The mean urinary excretion rates were between 75.3% and 101% up to 6 hours after intravenous injection and drip infusion. 4. CZX was given to 4 cases with tonsillitis, 3 with pneumonia, 1 with enteritis, 4 with U.T.I., totaling 21 cases. A daily dose of CZX between 350 mg and 2,000 mg was given for 3 to 5 days. Clinical results obtained were good in all cases. No side effects and abnormal laboratory findings were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Studies on the pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime in neonates].

The pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime was investigated in neonates. The following results were obtained. 1. The peak serum concentration of cefotaxime, seen 15-minutes after a single intravenous of 20 mg/kg, was 51.6 +/- 9.3 mcg/ml by bioassay. After 6 hours the mean serum concentration decreased to 5.6 +/- 3.1 mcg/ml. Concentrations obtained by HPLC paralleled those determined by bioassay. The peak serum concentration of the desacetyl metabolite was attained 30 minutes to 2 hours after injection. The mean serum desacetyl metabolite concentration was about 1/2.5 times higher than the cefotaxime concentration. The half-life was inversely related to the age of the neonates, decreasing to 1.64 hours on day 11 postpartum. 2. Serum concentrations determined by bioassay and HPLC after administering a dose of 10 mg/kg of cefotaxime by 30-minute intravenous drip infusion were comparable. The peak serum concentration at the completion of intravenous drip infusion was 21.0 mcg/ml by bioassay. The half-life of cefotaxime was 2.85 hours. The peak serum concentration of the desacetyl metabolite, seen at the completion of intravenous drip infusion, was about 1/2 times that of the peak cefotaxime concentration. 3. The peak serum concentration at the completion of a 30-minute intravenous drip infusion of 20 mg/kg displayed a mean value of 33.5 +/- 10.3 mcg/ml by bioassay. After 6 hours the mean serum concentration was 4.0 +/- 1.0 mcg/ml. The peak serum concentration of the desacetyl metabolite, seen at the completion of infusion to 2 hours thereafter, was equivalent to about 1/2.2 the peak cefotaxime concentration. 4. Mean urinary excretion rate of cefotaxime in 2-day-old neonates was 23.4% by bioassay 6 hours after a 30-minute intravenous drip infusion of 10 mg/kg. The mean urinary excretion rate of the desacetyl metabolite was 8.7%. Mean 6-hour excretion rates in 2-day-old and 4-day-old neonates administered 20 mg/kg of cefotaxime by 30-minute intravenous drip infusion were 6.2% and mean 37.7%, respectively. The corresponding values for the desacetyl metabolite were 2.4% and 12.4%, respectively.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies of cefmetazole in the otorhinolaryngological field].

Cefmetazole (CMZ), a new cephamycin preparation, has been investigated to give following results. 1) Pharmacokinetics: Serum and tonsil concentration of CMZ were determined by micropore method in humans. The mean concentrations in 5 cases about 30 minutes after administration of 0.5--1.0 g intravenously were 55.4 micrograms/ml in serum, 21.7 micrograms/g in tonsil. 2) CLINICAL STUDIES: Seventy-one patients with ear, nose and throat infections were treated with CMZ receiving 1 to 6 g per day intravenously (one shot and drip infusion). Thirty-eight of 70 patients were cured excellent, 19 were good, 8 were fair and 6 were failure and effective rate was 80.3%. Adverse reaction was observed in 4 cases. Three cases showed exanthema and 1 case showed fever elevation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Experimental and clinical evaluation of cefsulodin in the pediatric field].

Antimicrobial, pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluation of cefsulodin (CFS) was made and the following results were obtained. 1. Antimicrobial activity of CFS against P. aeruginosa was similar to a little lower than that of GM. Antimicrobial activity of CFS against S. aureus was similar to that of SBPC and against E. coli CFS showed lower antimicrobial activity. 2. Twenty or 50 mg/kg CFS was administered by 1 hour intravenous drip infusion. Average serum levels at the completion of the infusion were 35.1 +/- 8.0, 114.5 +/- 36.1 micrograms/ml and 1.6 +/- 0.7, 4.5 +/- 3.2 micrograms/ml at 6 hours afterward with the half life times of 1.50, 1.29 hours respectively. In case of 12.1 mg/kg 1 hour intravenous drip infusion, peak serum level was 13.4 micrograms/ml at the completion of infusion, and the concentration in the sputum was 1.0 micrograms/ml at 5 hours after completion of infusion. Average serum levels of CFS by one shot infusion of 20 mg/kg were 58.4 +/- 6.8 micrograms/ml, 2.7 +/- 2.5 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes and 6 hours after injection respectively. Half-life time was 1.54 hours. Average urinary excretion rates of CFS were 64.4%, 64.2% and 48.9% up to 6 hours after 1 hour intravenous drip infusion of 20 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg CFS and one shot intravenous of 20 mg/kg CFS respectively. 3. CFS was administered to 2 pneumonia cases caused by P. aeruginosa, i.e. one was 15 years and 11 months old male accompanying bronchial asthma and the another 4 years old male with LENNOX syndrome. Neither bacteriological nor clinical efficacy was, however, observed. Side effect as well as bacterial superinfection were not observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Case of malignant melanoma of the external genitalia responding satisfactorily to a combination of local injection of OK-432 and chemotherapy].

A 59-year-old woman with recurrent malignant melanoma of the vulva has well responded to a combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. As an immunotherapy, 10KE OK-432 were injected into the tumor twice a week. Chemotherapeutic regimen consisted of intravenous push of 1 mg vincristine on day 1,100 mg dacarbazine from day 1 through 5 and 50 mg nitrosourea (ACNU) on day 5. This treatment was repeated with 4 week intervals. Before treatment, the patient had a 3 X 3 X 5 cm subcutaneous mass on the left vaginal wall near the introitus. Fifty percent objective reduction of the tumor was achieved 6 weeks after commencement of intralegional immunotherapy and chemotherapy, and the tumor almost disappeared 8 months later. At this time, the treatment was changed to a supportive immunotherapy with intramuscular injection of 1KE OK-432 twice a week. But the tumor began to enlarge 2 months later and the patient is now being treated with the same combination therapy. Major side effects were febrile episodes on the day of intratumor injection of OK-432 and nausea, vomiting during the interval of chemotherapy. Anemia was the main hematologic side effect, but leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were not severe. The combination of intratumor injection of OK-432 and chemotherapy seems to be effective for the treatment of malignant melanoma.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1982

[Laboratory and clinical studies of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin in the pediatric field].

The authors have carried out laboratory and clinical studies of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin (MOM) and obtained the following results. 1. Absorption and excretion of MOM. MOM was administered orally to 4 patients at a dose of 10 mg/kg in the fasting condition. The peak of serum levels was found at 30 minutes after administration. The mean values were 1.3 +/- 0.5 microgram/ml, and 1.1 +/- 0.9 microgram/ml after 30 minutes and 1 hour respectively. The serum levels were detectable in 2 cases after 2 hours (1.0 and 0.78 microgram/ml), in 1 case after 4 hours (0.78 microgram/ml) and were not detectable in all cases after 6 hours. Half-life was able to calculate in 2 cases (2.5 and 1.5 hours). The mean urinary recovery rate examined in 3 cases was 0.33% for initial 6 hours. 2. Clinical result. MOM was administered to 35 children at a daily dose of 16.7--51.1 mg/kg divided into 3 or 4 doses for 4 to 19 days: 18 cases with bacterial infection (9 cases with tonsillitis, 7 cases with scarlet fever and each 1 case with bronchitis and pneumonia) and 17 cases with Mycoplasma infection (5 cases with bronchitis and 12 cases with pneumonia). The overall clinical response was good in 28 cases (80.0%), fair in 6 cases and poor in 1 case. The efficacy rate in bacterial infections and Mycoplasma infections were 66.7 and 94.1% respectively. Eight strains of S. pyogenes and 1 strain of S. pneumoniae were isolated from 9 cases. One strain of S. pyrogenes was eradicated and the others were unchanged. The eradication rate was 11.1%. The MIC of MOM against S. pyogenes was above 50 micrograms/ml in 3 strains out of measured 5 isolated strains. 3. Side effect. Side effects were examined with all the 54 cases involving 19 drop-out cases. Although clinical side effects were not observed, a mild elevation in GOT and a mild rise in eosinophil were observed in 2 cases and 1 case respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[A progesterone-dependent step in HCG-induced ovulation in immature rats (author's transl)].

The effect of antiserum to progesterone on follicular rupture during the ovulatory process was studied. Mean number of ova shed following treatment of immature rats sequentially with PMS and hCG was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by simultaneous injection with increasing doses of antiserum to progesterone. When the animal received 1.2 ml of the antiserum, hCG-induced ovulation was blocked completely. To be effective, antiserum treatment had to be within 6 h of hCG treatment; antiserum given 9 h after hCG was ineffective. Progesterone restored' the antiserum blocked ovulation completely or incompletely when administered intravenously within 6 h of treatment with hCG. The first 6 h was shown to be a progesterone-dependent step in the ovulatory process in this experimental system.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[An ultrastructural study of capillary permeability of rabbit ovarian follicles using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer (author's transl)].

In the previous study, using carbon tracer, we reported the ultrastructural evidences which suggested the increased capillary permeability of preovulatory rabbit ovarian follicles. In the present study, another tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP 50 A in diameter, mw. 40,000), being smaller than carbon particle, was used to examine the permeability of perifollicular capillaries. HRP left capillaries and appeared in the follicular cavity immediately after the injection into aorta, through all stages of follicular development. In the capillaries, the narrow interendothelial clefts (about 100-200 A in width) were observed through preovulatory stages. Fenestrations were noted at 3,4,6 hours after the hCG injection, and interendothelial gaps (about 1,000-10,000 A in width) were seen at 10, 12 hours. HRP passed through these structures and infiltrated the capillary basal lamina and the basal lamina of the follicle and went through the intercellular spaces between granulosa cells. Therefore, the increased permeability of perifollicular capillaries, just prior to ovulation, were not so obvious as when carbon particles were used. On the other hand, carbon particles, injected via marginal ear vein, were incorporated in the endothelial vesicles 15 min. after its administration and retained beneath the basal lamina outside the follicle within 60 min. These observations indicated that "blood follicle barrier" consisting of capillary endothelium, basal lamina, basal lamina of the follicle and granulosa layer played an inhibitory role to large molecules but not to small molecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of myocardial ischemia by (RAO) long-axial myocardial imaging using slant-hole collimator].

Myocardial perfusion imaging with thallium chloride has been found to be effective in the clinical evaluation of patients with myocardial infarction. However, conventional myocardial perfusion imaging of the myocardium showing the postero-septal and antero-lateral wall cannot be obtained clearly by the conventional collimator due to the inevitable distance between the collimator and the heart. In contrast, 30, 60-degree RAO images were obtained clearly using slant-hole collimator with the collimator closely contact with the heart, which enables us to observe the postero-septal and antero-lateral walls of the myocardium. As a result, we obtained myocardial perfusion images every 30-degrees in a radial direction. By dividing RAO images into 12 segments, we compared perfusion defect in the myocardial scintigram with akinesis detected by echocardiography and contrast left ventriculography segmentally and referred to the character and accuracy of these three examinations. As a result, these three methods well agreed in cases with myocardial infarction of single vessel disease, but did not always agree in cases with triple vessel disease. The character of each method was as follows: 1) Left ventriculography, which gives direct information concerning wall motion of the left ventricle, was most sensitive to detect ischemic lesions, but had a tendency to overestimate hypokinesis of wall motion due to its invasive nature. 2) In myocardial scintigraphy, when hypoperfusion is associated with perfusion defect, we occasionally diagnose mistakenly the hypoperfusion area as normal because the scintigraphic evaluation is based on the relative distribution of perfusion. To avoid such underestimation, exercise myocardial scintigraphy should be performed and myocardial ischemia should be evaluated by comparing exercise images with redistribution images. Moreover, we studied extension of perfusion defect in the anterior and infero-posterior infarction groups. In anterior myocardial infarction, perfusion defect extended beyond the apex and reached the point one-third away from the apex to the base. In infero-posterior myocardial infarction, perfusion defect extended into the apex but did not exceed the apex. It seemed that the most suitable point to make the boundary between apical and infero-posterior areas was the point one-third away from the apex to the base along the inferior half of the RAO image of the myocardium.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Serum sex steroid hormones in women with aging, and in the patients of climacteric syndrome and squamous cell carcinoma of the uterus].

The endocrinological studies were conducted in 116 normal women with aging, 16 women with climacteric syndrome and 31 patients of cervical cancer. The levels of serum estrone, estradiol and estriol had a tendency of gradual decline after the age of 40, and decreased rapidly 3 years after menopause, but still remained in a certain level thereafter throughout the senile period. The serum progesterone tended to decrease after the age of 40. While the serum testosterone showed no particular change before menopause, began to decrease after menopause. Women with climacteric syndrome were found to have a significant low serum estrogen and testosterone than in normal women, while a relative low tendency of serum progesterone in the premenopausal women of climacteric syndrome were observed. There was a relative high serum progesterone and testosterone found in adult and premenopausal patients of cervical cancer than in normal women, but showed no any difference of estrogen between them. The serum estrogen/testosterone ratio in cervical cancer group, was higher than that in the normal. Serum estrogen from the ovarian plexus was found several ten times higher than that in the iliac artery. However, progesterone and testosterone were found a slightly higher in the former.

Adult↗