Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishimura.

At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[A case of quadriplegia with respiratory paralysis surviving as a candidate for rehabilitation].

A case of a 20-year-old woman who survived respiratory quadriplegic state and then became to be a candidate for rehabilitation is reported. The patient was injured in an automobile accident and immediately developed cardiopulmonary arrest, quadriplegia and maximum mydriasis bilaterally. She was transferred to our hospital six minutes after the accident. Immediate and appropriate resuscitation could bring restoration of only cardiac contractions without spontaneous breathing and minimal movement of extremities. Skull and cervical spine x-rays showed anterior atlanto-axial dislocation with a fracture of dens in addition to a linear skull fracture in the right temporoparietal region. Traction by Glisson's method was applied initially three and a half hours after the accident under controlled ventilation with a respirator. Five days after the onset, her consciousness became clear and she displayed an onionskin pattern of anesthesia with sensory preservation around her mouth and nose. Subsequently quadriplegia gradually improved from the lower extremities to the upper, however the proximal muscles of the upper extremities remained to be involved for a long period of time. The authors speculated that such a peculiar pattern of paralysis was due to the injury of the rostral part of the pyramidal decussation and to the acute central cord injury at the C2 level of the spinal cord. Halo-vest immobilization technique was applied and active postural drainage was done as the treatment of the respiratory quadriplegia. She could wean off the respirator four months after the onset and became independent in her active daily living six months after the accident.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Laboratory and clinical studies of aztreonam in the pediatric field].

The authors have carried out the laboratory and clinical studies of aztreonam (AZT) and obtained the following results. The antibacterial activities of AZT against the clinical isolates of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were measured by the agar dilution method with inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. The susceptibility distribution of E. coli to AZT ranged from 0.025 or lower to 1.56 microgram/ml, and the peak of distribution was 0.05 microgram/ml. The peak of susceptibility distribution of K. pneumoniae was 0.025 microgram/ml or lower, and the distribution of P. aeruginosa ranged from 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml higher and the peak of distribution was 3.13 micrograms/ml. After intravenous bolus injection of 20 mg of AZT in 4 children, the mean peak serum level was 117 +/- 35.1 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes after injection, and half-life time was 1.42 hours. The mean urinary excretion rates was 63.2 +/- 30.6% up to 6 hours after bolus injection of 20 mg/kg of AZT. AZT was given 11 cases with bacterial injection. Daily doses of AZT were from 41.7 to 94.9 mg/kg. Clinical results obtained were excellent and good responses in 8 of 11 cases (72.7%). No side effect was observed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Tissue-specific induction of intestinal glutathione S-transferases by alpha beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.

Glutathione S-transferase activity in rat intestinal mucosa was increased by the injection of alpha beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as phorone and diethylmaleate, but that in the liver and kidney was not. Since the administration of cycloheximide completely blocked the increase of the enzyme activity by phorone, the increase of the activity may be due to de novo synthesis rather than enzyme activation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Differential changes of glutathione S-transferase activity by dietary selenium.

Dietary selenium deficiency produced increased activity of the glutathione S-transferases in the liver, kidney and duodenal mucosa. In these tissues, the residual activity of total glutathione peroxidase that included selenium-independent activity was considerably higher than that of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase. The enhanced activity of glutathione S-transferases was restored to control level 48 hr after an injection of selenite equivalent to the amount of daily selenium intake. Under the same conditions, selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity increased with time and reached 11.9, 11.6 and 46.2% of the activity in the liver, kidney and duodenal mucosa of selenium-supplemented rats, respectively, 48 hr after selenite injection, whereas total glutathione peroxidase activity was not altered except in the kidney. These differential changes of glutathione S-transferase activity were intimately related to those of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity produced by selenium depletion and repletion, suggesting that the glutathione S-transferase activity was regulated by dietary selenium. Present findings support the idea that glutathione S-transferases having selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase activity function as a substitute for selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase in selenium-deficient rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of initiation of DNA synthesis by aminoglycoside antibiotics.

In a dnaCts mutant of E. coli, the reinitiation of DNA synthesis, which occurred by the shift of the culture from a restrictive temperature to a permissive temperature, was markedly prevented by habakacin, dibekacin, kanamycin, and gentamicin. On the contrary, chloramphenicol did not inhibit the reinitiation synthesis for 30 min. In a parallel experiment, leucine uptake into protein was profoundly blocked by chloramphenicol, but only slightly by habekacin. Habekacin did not significantly affect DNA elongation of the cells at a restrictive temperature. We propose that inhibition of initiation of replication by aminoglycoside antibiotics is related to their lethality.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1984

Differential recovery from potentially lethal damage in normal human lung fibroblasts after irradiation with 60Co gamma-rays and accelerated N-ion beam.

PLD recovery after irradiation with accelerated N-ion was examined and compared with that after irradiation with 60Co gamma-rays in normal human lung fibroblasts (IMR-90). No shoulder region was observed in the survival curve of the cells after N-ion irradiation. Ratios of D0 values before and after a 6-hour incubation in plateau phase were 1.1 and 1.8 for N-ion irradiation and gamma-ray irradiation, respectively. The results show that recovery after irradiation with high-LET radiation is slow and much less than after low-LET irradiation.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1984

DNA polymerases of Chlorella. II. Characterization to distinguish the two enzymes.

Previously, we reported two DNA polymerases (DPols), Pol I and Pol II, in the unicellular green alga, Chlorella (Aoshima, J., Nishimura, T., & Iwamura, T. (1982) Cell Struc. Funct. 7, 71-86). Changes in their activities during the cell cycle either in the normal and drug-inhibited courses indicated that Pol I and Pol II functioned to replicate nuclear and chloroplast DNAs, respectively. In the present work, we have examined their enzymic properties to characterize and distinguish them further. A number of inhibitors commonly used for such studies were also tested to determine their effects and the results were analyzed by use of the simple and useful "Tamiya plot." We have also analyzed the data obtained in inhibitor studies on various eukaryotic DPols in the literature using the Tamiya plot, and the results will be presented elsewhere (Iwamura, T. & Aoshima, J. (1984) J. Biochem. in press). Comparisons of the algal DPols with mammalian enzymes as regards enzymic properties and inhibition modes have led us to conclude that: [1] the algal two DPols are significantly different from each other, despite having many similarities to each other: [2] they are related in properties to any of the three mammalian DPols-alpha, -beta, and -gamma; Pol I (n-DPol) was a little more like alpha than Pol II (ch-DPol), which in turn more akin to gamma. This feature was quantitized by using vectors in a three-dimensional alpha-beta-gamma-space. Another peculiar feature derived from the Tamiya plot of the inhibitions by araCTP and aphidicolin (both being competitive with cCTP) has led us to propose a specific allosteric role of cCTP in the reaction mechanism besides its role as one of the substrates.

Cations, Divalent↗
PubMed1984

Nicorandil attenuates myocardial acidosis during coronary occlusion in dogs.

In dogs anaesthetized with pentobarbitone, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was partially occluded. Before and 30 min after partial occlusion, the myocardial pH was 7.52-7.54 and 6.89-6.91, respectively. Nicorandil (50 micrograms kg-1, i.v.) increased the pH that had been reduced by partial occlusion and this effect lasted at least 60 min. Thus nicorandil attenuates ischaemic myocardial acidosis.

Acidosis↗