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Biomedical subjects

T Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishida.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Clinical effects of allylestrenol on benign prostatic hypertrophy by double-blind method].

A double blind comparative clinical trial was performed with allylestrenol (AE) and chlormadinone acetate (CMA) to investigate the clinical efficacy of AE on prostatic hypertrophy. Both drugs were administered orally for 12-16 weeks in a daily dose of 50 mg. With both drugs marked improvement of disorders of micturition and a slight decrease in the size of the hypertrophied prostatic node were observed. No significant difference was observed between the two drugs in the overall efficacy of the treatments. Significant improvement of practically all parameters used for evaluation of results was observed with both drugs following treatment. Ultrasonotomographic examination revealed diminution of the size of the prostatic node and x-ray examination of the ureter showed improvement in elevation of the fundus of the bladder. These improvements were better after CMA treatment than after AE treatment. With all other parameters used no significant difference was observed between the two drugs. Mild adverse effects such as loss of sexual desire and potency were observed in a few cases. The incidence of side-effects was lower following AE treatment, and the incidence of loss of sexual desire and potency was significantly lower after AE than after CMA. Taking into consideration efficacy and safety of the treatments, no significant difference was observed in usefulness between the two drugs, and we were able to confirm the usefulness of AE for the conservative treatment of prostatic hypertrophy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Four cases of male breast cancer including one synchronously combined with gastric cancer].

Four men with primary breast cancer were seen between 1972 and 1985 at the Sasebo Municipal Hospital. They were admitted complaining of breast mass and/or bloody nipple discharge. There was no delay between the onset of symptoms and seeking medical advice. They had relatively early stages of disease (three patients had stage I and one had stage II). All patients were treated by modified radical or radical mastectomy. Histopathological study revealed ductal carcinomas and no lymph node metastasis in all patients. Multiple bone metastasis and death occurred in one case. One patient (61 years old) had two separate synchronous primary cancers of the breast and stomach, which is very uncommon.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1986

Histologic origin of rat ovarian cancer induced by direct application of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene.

A direct application of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) to the ovary successfully produces an ovarian epithelial cancer in rat. To identify the histogenic process, the DMBA-treated rats were serially examined from the 15th to the 40th week following DMBA application. Furthermore, from the anticipated effect of estrogen on surface epithelial proliferation, the rats were put into an hyperestrogenic condition for immunohistochemical characterization of the tumor tissue. At the 20th week, the surface epithelial proliferations were seen to show remarkable multistratification with cellular pleomorphism. The proliferated surface cells began to infiltrate into the stroma to then form irregular gland structures. In immunoperoxidase stainings, both the adenocarcinoma cell and the surface cell has the same character in the immunohistochemical reaction for estradiol. On the base of these results, the induced cancer in rat was believed to have a similar histogenic process to the common epithelial tumors in human ovary.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1986

[Mitral stenosis of the postoperative state evaluated by echocardiography].

Echocardiography was performed to compare pre- and postoperative findings and to evaluate the postoperative state in 109 patients with mitral stenosis (MS) including 22 who underwent closed mitral commissurotomy (CMC) (34.3 +/- 6.9 y.o.); 71, open mitral commissurotomy (OMC) (42.9 +/- 8.7 y.o.); and 16, mitral valve replacement (MVR) (44.5 +/- 8.9 y.o.). Echocardiographic examinations were performed using a Toshiba SSL-51H with a mechanical sector scanner or an SSH-11A with a phased-array electronic sector scanner, one or two weeks before and about one month after surgery, and were reviewed yearly. The results were as follows: The E-F slope of the anterior mitral leaflet (AML) and mitral valve orifice area (MVA) were significantly increased after cardiac surgery in both the CMC and OMC groups. The amplitude of the mitral valve was slightly increased in the CMC group, but was unchanged in the OMC group. Before surgery, the left atrial dimension (LAD) was larger in the MVR group than in the other two groups, and it was significantly decreased after surgical intervention in all three groups. The aortic dimension (AOD) was slightly increased in the majority of patients, and the ratio of the aortic dimension to the sum of the aortic and left atrial dimensions [AOD/(AOD + LAD)] was significantly increased after cardiac surgery due to the improvement of cardiac function and the resolution of the left atrial enlargement. Repeated echocardiography facilitated follow-up of the state of the mitral valve and of cardiac performance, and is considered useful in determining indication for reoperation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Scanning and transmission electron microscopic study of the ampullary region of the dog vas deferens, with special reference to epithelial phagocytosis of spermatozoa and latex beads.

The present SEM and TEM study clearly indicated that the epithelial cells of the ampulla vasis deferentis of the dog are capable of performing phagocytosis of degraded spermatozoa and even inert latex beads as in other animals described previously and further supported our working hypothesis that epithelial phagocytosis may be a common event in the vas deferens of mammals, though its precise significance remains to be clarified.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Studies of synthetic peptide analogs of the amphipathic helix. Correlation of structure with function.

The four peptide analogs of the amphipathic helix whose interactions with dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine were described in the preceding paper were compared with apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and A-II in ability to displace native apolipoprotein from high density lipoprotein (HDL) and in ability to activate lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. The rank order of the ability of the four peptide analogs to displace apo-A-I from intact HDL was 18A-Pro-18A greater than 18A greater than des-Val10-18A greater than reverse-18A, the same order suggested in the preceding paper for relative lipid affinities. Modified HDL from which 40% of the apo-A-I had been displaced by 18A was indistinguishable from unmodified HDL in its ability to act as a lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase substrate. This suggests that the easily displaced apo-A-I molecules in polydisperse HDL are relatively ineffectual as lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activators and/or 18A replaces the lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity lost. The peptide analog 18A-Pro-18A was found to be a powerful activator of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase when incubated with unilamellar egg phosphatidylcholine (PC) vesicles, reaching 140% of the activity of apo-A-I at a 1:1.75 peptide-to-egg PC ratio. In another experiment, it was found that discoidal egg PC complexes of 18A-Pro-18A, 18A, and des-Val10-18A, formed by cholate dialysis, had 30-45% of the activity of apo-A-I/egg PC discoidal complexes, also formed by cholate dialysis, at the same peptide/lipid weight ratio. Examination of the structures formed when the 18A-Pro-18A peptide was incubated with unilamellar egg PC vesicles indicated that the ability of 18A-Pro-18A to exceed apo-A-I in lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activating ability is due to the spontaneous conversion by 18A-Pro-18A of egg PC vesicles to small protein annulus-bilayer disc structures. Apo-A-I, apo-A-II, nor any of the other three peptide analogs of the amphipathic helix studied were able to convert a significant fraction of egg PC unilamellar vesicles to discoidal structures.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Thiarubrine A, a bioactive constituent of Aspilia (Asteraceae) consumed by wild chimpanzees.

Two African species of Aspilia (Asteraceae), which are used medicinally by man and which are eaten by wild chimpanzees in an unusual manner, were found to contain the potent antibiotic thiarubrine A as a major leaf phytochemical. Its presence in leaf material strengthens the view that the feeding behavior of wild chimpanzees is related to special physiological or pharmacological effects on the animals.

Alkynes↗
PubMed1985

Butyrate stimulates fibronectin synthesis in cultured rabbit cornea.

To understand corneal wound healing, in which fibronectin plays an important role, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of fibronectin synthesis in cultured rabbit corneal blocks in situ. The amount of fibronectin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that butyrate stimulated fibronectin synthesis in a dose-response fashion, and that butyrate had a greater stimulatory effect than did any of its derivatives examined. This suggests that butyrate stimulates fibronectin synthesis specifically; 8Br-cAMP also stimulated fibronectin synthesis. Additivity of stimulation by butyrate and by 8Br-cAMP was observed at the saturated concentration of each; the present result indicated an independent mechanism of action for these two compounds.

8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1985

Tumorigenicity study of butyl and isobutyl p-hydroxybenzoates administered orally to mice.

Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate (n-BHB) and isobutyl p-hydroxybenzoate (i-BHB) were administered orally to ICR/Jcl mice at concentrations of 0.6 (maximum tolerated dose), 0.3 or 0.15% in the diet for up to 102 wk. Tumours were observed at various sites including the haematopoietic system, the lung and the soft tissue. However, at none of the sites did the tumour incidence or the time to death with tumours differ significantly from that in the untreated control group.

Administration, Oral↗