Biomedical subjects

T Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishida.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Treatment of gynecological malignancies with a combination of cisplatin, adriamycin and ifosfamide.

Histogenetic similarities in the female genital system suggest that a group of cancers from the coelomic epithelium may have a common sensitivity to cytotoxic treatment. A total of 24 patients with evaluable gynecologic cancer were treated with a new combination regimen consisting of cisplatin (50 mg/m2), Adriamycin (50 mg/m2), and ifosfamide (1 g/m2 X 5 days) (PAI) given in five courses at 4-week intervals. The tumors included ten cervical, four endometrial, seven ovarian, and three peritoneal cancers. In all, 20 of our patients had recurrent disease and had previously received other cytotoxic treatment, including radiation (11 cases), cisplatin-containing chemotherapy (8 cases), or both (1 case). As a schedule modification, PAI plus bleomycin (20 mg/m2, on days 1 and 8) was recommended for tumors containing squamous components. According to the response criteria of the International Union Against Cancer (UICC), a 96% response rate was obtained (cervical, 9/10; endometrial, 4/4; ovarian, 7/7; peritoneal, 3/3). Of 23 responders 8 (35%) achieved a complete remission. The dose-limiting side effect of the PAI regimen was hematologic toxicity: grade 4 leukopenia was observed in 92% of patients, and grade 4 thrombocytopenia was seen in 17%. However, the myelosuppression reversed spontaneously within 3 weeks, and none of the patients was incapable of completing the planned treatment courses. The results suggest that PAI combination chemotherapy is effective and can be used in the management of patients with gynecologic malignancies derived from the coelomic epithelium (müllerian tumor group).

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Computed tomography evaluation of high-density bile in the gallbladder.

On computed tomograms obtained during a seven-year period, 27 patients were found to have high-density bile in the gallbladder. Serial computed tomography (CT) examinations showed that gradual narrowing of common bile duct is a causative factor. This has not been reported previously. The density of the bile in the gallbladder of patients with such obstruction was almost equal to that of normal liver on CT. In some of the patients in whom obstruction of the cystic duct was the factor of high-density bile and continued for a long time, the density of the bile decreased and hydrops developed.

Bile↗

PubMed1990

Mature cystic teratoma of the uterine cervix.

A rare case of extragonadal teratoma which occurred primarily in the uterus is described. The tumor developed in the uterine cervix to form a polypoid appearance, and consisted of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal derivatives. This is the 14th such tumor to be recorded in world literature. A review of the literature and its possible histogenesis are briefly described.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Chemotherapeutic approach to uterine papillary serous carcinoma.

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is a recently recognized histologic variant of endometrial carcinoma with an aggressive clinical course. This study reviews 7 patients with the diagnosis of UPSC treated at the National Kokura Hospital between 1987 and 1989. The mean age was 60 years. Clinically, 4 patients presented as Stage I, one as Stage II, one as Stage III, and one as Stage IV. Surgery upstaged 28.7% (2/7) of these patients. All 7 patients underwent a staging laparotomy followed by chemotherapy. Deep myometrial invasion was found in 5/7 (72%) of the specimens. Four of these 5 specimens demonstrated up to the uterine serosa. Lymph nodal involvement was observed in 1/4 (25%) of the specimens. Furthermore, positive peritoneal washings were obtained in 4/7 (57%) of the specimens. All patients received an adjuvant combination chemotherapy with cisplatin 50 mg/m2 on day 1, adriamycin 50 mg/m2 on day 1, and ifosfamide 1.0 g/m2 on day 1 to day 5 (PAI). Recurrence and relapse of the disease developed in the 2 patients within 6 months. Two patients had a negative second look operation with no evidence of disease (NED) at 18 months after the initial treatment. Serial determination of the serum CA125 was seen to have great value in monitoring treatment in 4 patients. However, additional accrual and follow-up are needed to determine whether or not PAI therapy has an impact on this disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[Effects of IT-066, a new histamine H2-receptor antagonist, on gastric acid secretion and experimental gastric ulcers in rats and dogs].

We examined the effects of a new histamine H2-receptor antagonist, 3-amino-4-(4-[4-(1-piperidinomethyl)-2-pyridyloxy]-cis-2- butenylamino)-3- cyclobutene-1,2-dione hydrochloride (IT-066), on gastric acid secretion and the healing process of experimental ulcers in rats and dogs. Famotidine, a well-established H2-receptor antagonist, was used as the reference drug. Male Donryu rats (240-260 g) and Beagle dogs of both sexes (8-10 kg), having Heidenhain pouches, were used. IT-066 dose-dependently inhibited the basal gastric acid secretion of rats, and this inhibition significantly persisted for 12 hr. In addition, the agent significantly inhibited histamine-stimulated acid secretion in both normal rats and rats with acetic acid ulcers. IT-066, given p.o. twice daily for 2 and 3 weeks after ulceration, significantly accelerated both spontaneous and delayed healing (with indomethacin) of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The effects of IT-066 on acid secretion and ulcer healing were almost the same or slightly more potent than those observed with famotidine. IT-066, when given i.v. or p.o., dose-dependently inhibited the gastric acid secretion stimulated by histamine, pentagastrin, or carbachol in dogs. The antisecretory effects of the agent on histamine-stimulated acid secretion significantly persisted for more than 6 hr. These results indicate that IT-066 appears to be a promising antisecretory and anti-ulcer agent.

Acetates↗

PubMed1990

Beneficial effect of nipradilol (K-351) on acute myocardial ischemia. Study of the relationship between regional myocardial blood flow and energy metabolism.

To examine the effects of nipradilol on ischemic myocardium, experiments were performed on regional myocardial blood flow (MBF) and energy metabolism in anesthetized, open-chest dogs. Nipradilol at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg was i.v.-administered 10 min after coronary ligation. MBFs at various sites, including ischemic and non-ischemic areas, were determined by the hydrogen gas clearance method. The levels of ATP and creatine phosphate (CP) at the site of MBF determination were measured 60 min after ligation, and mitochondrial function (RCI, QO2) in the ischemic and non-ischemic areas was determined. Following nipradilol administration, aortic pressure and heart rate were significantly lowered. In ischemic areas with MBF below 40 ml/min/100 g, nipradilol had no influence on MBF. However, the tissue level of ATP in nipradilol treated hearts was significantly higher as compared with untreated hearts. In the area of mild ischemia with MBF of 40-60 ml/min/100 g, nipradilol preserved the tissue ATP and CP levels in spite of a decrease in MBF. Moreover, an inhibition of the decrease in mitochondrial respiratory function was observed in ischemic areas with MBF below 20 ml/min/100 g. Thus, nipradilol administered following ischemia preserved ATP content and mitochondrial function in the ischemic myocardium with reduction of heart rate and aortic pressure. This suggests that nipradilol exerts a cardioprotective effect in acute ischemia. It seems that the cardioprotective effect is due to a decrease in myocardial oxygen demand and preservation of mitochondrial function.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed1990

A scanning electron microscopy of the interstitial tissue of the boar testis.

In this study, the architecture of the interstitial tissue of the boar testis was examined by using scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The boar testis was remarkable for the abundance of interstitial tissue, and Leydig cells having many microvilli in their surface were almost round in shape. Both bundles of collagen fibers and networks of reticular fibers were observed around the Leydig cells. The capillary in the interstitial tissue of the boar was a muscle type, and both pericytes and collagen fibers were observed around the capillaries. The lymphatic capillary was poorly developed in the interstitial tissues of the boar testis. Endothelial cells were the only component of the capillary wall, and anchoring filaments were often observed on the abluminal surface of the endothelium.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Fine structure of the mandibular gland in crest-tailed marsupial-rat (Dasyuroides byrnei).

The mandibular glands of Dasyuroides byrnei were examined by light microscopy, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The secretory units consisted of numerous seromucous acini and a few seromucous demilunes. The seromucous acini were almost always capped by demilunes. The acinar seromucous cells contained faintly basophilic, light, coarse, bipatite secretory granules with matrix of low and moderate densities. The demilunar cells were dark compared with acinar seromucous cells and contained acidophilic secretory granules with a fibrillogranular matrix of moderate density. Preacinar cells with a seromucous nature were occasionally present at the junction between the acinus and intercalated duct. These cells had numerous basophilic granules, which were similar to those of acinar seromucous cells. The intercalated ducts consisted of simple cuboidal light cells that had a few small electron-dense granules. The striated ducts were composed of tall columnar light cells containing numerous vesicles, but no secretory granules. The mandibular acini of D. byrnei were composed of two cell types having a seromucous nature, unlike those of the opossum and many other mammals.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

An ultrastructural study of developing spermatids and associated Sertoli cells during spermiogenesis in the kowari (crest-tailed marsupial rat), Dasyuroides byrnei.

Ultrastructural changes of developing spermatids and associated Sertoli cells during spermiogenesis in the kowari, Dasyuroides byrnei, were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The early round spermatid in the kowari showed an acrosomal vacuole containing sparsely distributed material. The acrosomal vacuole grew to some degree and then collapsed upon itself and decreased in size. After the diminution of the vacuole, flattening and condensation of the nucleus began. At this period, the manchette, nuclear ring and caudal plaque appeared and the ectoplasmic specialization of the Sertoli cell developed in association with the acrosomal region of the spermatid head. Microtubules of the manchette were arranged obliquely or perpendicular to the long axis of the spermatid. As the spermatid developed further, the nucleus displayed a horseshoe shape in cross section and was flattened in longitudinal section. The ectoplasmic specialization which was the most developed at this period appeared like horns protruding from the spermatid nucleus. Immediately before spermiation, the flattened aspect of the spermatid head contacted an apical process of the Sertoli cell. The Sertoli cell apical process extended the spermatid head into the lumen. Long tubulobulbar complexes appeared in the Sertoli cell, after the ectoplasmic specialization had dissociated.

Acrosome↗

PubMed1990

An experimental model for advanced ovarian cancer.

Intraperitoneally transplanted tumors implanted and began developing with ascites in about 62% of the female rats within 4 to 6 weeks after transplantation. The tumor used in this study was an adenocarcinoma and which originated from a primary ovarian cancer in rats of the same strain (Wistar). The morphology and biological behavior of the tumor were very similar to the tumor in humans. Moreover, the preliminary results with cisplatin therapy indicate that intraperitoneal cancer corresponding to stage III or IV in the FIGO classification is a promising model for experimental therapeutic studies of common epithelial carcinoma at an advanced stage.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Cisplatin, adriamycin and ifosfamide-based combination chemotherapy for gynecological cancers derived from the extended müllerian system.

Their histogenetic similarity suggests that a group of malignant tumors may have a common sensitivity to a cytotoxic chemotherapy. Seventy patients with a variety of gynecological cancers arising from the uterine cervix, endometrium, ovary and pelvic peritoneum were treated with a combination of cisplatin, adriamycin and ifosfamide (PAI). As schedule modifications, PAI plus bleomycin for cancers containing squamous components and PAI plus etoposide for nonepithelial malignancies were recommended. In twenty-five evaluable cases, including 12 recurrent tumors after previous radiation therapy or PAC (cisplatin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy, the total response rate was 95% for epithelial cancers (vaginal cancer: 1/1, cervical: 9/10, endometrial: 2/2, ovarian: 6/6 and peritoneal: 2/2), and 100% for nonepithelial malignancies including one uterine leiomyosarcoma, one uterine mixed Müllerian tumor and one extragonadal mixed Müllerian tumor. The survival rates of patients with non measurable lesion were 100% for cervical cancer (the observation period: 65-879 days), 92.9% for endometrial cancer (96-975 days) and 88.9% for ovarian cancer (148-976 days). The hematological toxicity of this treatment was severe but acceptable. The results obtained indicate that a wide range of gynecological cancers originating in the primary and secondary Müllerian tissues (extended Müllerian system) must have a similar sensitivity to cytotoxic treatment with a PAI-based combination chemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Spreading of cultured corneal epithelial cells on fibronectin and other extracellular matrices.

Previous investigations demonstrated that fibronectin is an essential adhesive glycoprotein for the corneal epithelial cells. Fibronectin mediates attachment and spreading of the corneal epithelial cells. However, it seems to be important to know the changes in cellular receptor activity in order to understand the interactions of corneal epithelial cells and underlying extracellular matrix. In this investigation, we studied the effects of various culture times and conditions on the receptor activity of rabbit corneal epithelial cells for fibronectin. The cultured cells were placed on tissue culture plates that were coated with various concentrations of four extracellular matrices: fibronectin, laminin and collagen types I and IV. Freshly isolated corneal epithelial cells without culture did not spread on fibronectin and laminin; they spread only on collagen types I and IV. When the epithelial cells were cultured for 12 h or more, they spread on fibronectin. However, the spreading of the cells on collagen types I and IV was the same regardless of the culture period (up to 20 h). Only a small number of epithelial cells spread on laminin at the highest concentration examined after culture for 12 h or more. Thus, the corneal epithelial cells responded differently to fibronectin, collagen types I and IV, and laminin. Perhaps the receptor for fibronectin appears when epithelial cells are cultured, but the receptor(s) for collagen types I and IV are always present on the cell surface of corneal epithelial cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Myelodysplastic syndrome in a child which developed into megakaryocytic leukemia with late appearing Ph1 chromosome and rearrangement of breakpoint cluster region].

A 3-year-old boy was referred to our hospital in September 1985, because of pancytopenia. His bone marrow was normocellular with 18% blasts, which had Auer rod and were positive for peroxidase staining. A diagnosis of refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation was made according to FAB criteria. Chromosome analysis of bone marrow cells showed normal male karyotype. He attained complete remission with aclarubicin and BH-AC and continued it until August 1987 when pancytopenia and hypoplastic bone marrow developed. Chromosome analysis of bone marrow cells showed normal male karyotype and gene analysis revealed germ-line configuration of breakpoint cluster region (bcr). Overt leukemia developed in May 1988 when his WBC count increased to 60, 600/microliters with 91% blasts, which were negative for peroxidase staining, positive for anti-Ia and CDw 41 by cell surface analysis, and positive for ultrastructurally demonstrable platelet peroxidase. A diagnosis of megakaryocytic leukemia was made. Chromosome analysis of bone marrow cells showed 46, XY, t(9;22) (q34;q11) and gene analysis revealed rearrangement of bcr. He died in November 1988. Our results and review of literature suggest that late appearing ph1 chromosome and rearrangement of bcr may occur in a variety of hematologic malignancies and influence the course of disease.

Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts↗

PubMed1990

Distribution of acetylcholinesterase in the nerve endings of chicken m. retractor phalli cranialis.

The distance of the neuromuscular gap was measured in a chicken smooth muscle, m. retractor phalli cranialis (MRPC). For the identification of active neuromuscular contacts, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was stained according to Tago's modification of the Karnovsky and Roots' method. Thirty two out of 500 muscle cells were within 200 nm from the nerve endings. The MRPC was classified as Burnstock's Model C, which is characterised by the low frequency of directly innervated cells. The AChE-positive reaction was observed on both muscular and neural membranes only when the distance between the two was less than 170 nm. These results suggest that the smooth muscle cells may be innervated by axon varicosities within such a distance.

Acetylcholinesterase↗

PubMed1990

Role of actin filaments and microtubules in the spreading of rabbit corneal epithelial cells on the fibronectin matrix.

The migration and spreading of the corneal epithelial cells adjacent to a wound is the first step in successful epithelial resurfacing. To understand the role of actin filaments and microtubules of the cytoskeletal system in the spreading of corneal epithelial cells, we plated rabbit corneal epithelial cells on a fibronectin matrix and studied the effects of cytochalasin B, which inhibits actin filaments assembly, and colchicine, which inhibits microtubules assembly, on the ability of individual cells to spread. Changes in the morphology of actin filaments and microtubules were also studied using immunofluorescent microscopy. The area of spread epithelial cells depended on the concentration of fibronectin used to coat the surface. In spread cells, stress fibers of actin filaments were evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm, whereas microtubules were observed only at the perinuclear region. The presence of cytochalasin B during the cell attachment and spreading decreased the area of the spread cells more than did colchicine. However, once the epithelial cells were spread on a fibronectin matrix, cytochalasin B and colchicine each decreased the cell area only slightly, and to the same extent. These results indicate that formation of actin filaments is more important than formation of microtubules to the spreading of corneal epithelial cells.

Actins↗

PubMed1990

Rapid labeling of lipoproteins in plasma with radioactive cholesterol. Application for measurement of plasma cholesterol esterification.

In order to efficiently and rapidly label lipoproteins in plasma with [3H]cholesterol, micelles consisting of lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) and [3H]cholesterol (molar ratio, 50:1) were prepared. When trace amounts of these micelles were injected into plasma, [3H]cholesterol rapidly equilibrated among the plasma lipoproteins, as compared to [3H]cholesterol from an albumin-stabilized emulsion. The distributions of both [3H]cholesterol and unlabeled free cholesterol in plasma lipoproteins were similar in labeled plasma samples. This method of labeling can be used for the measurement of cholesterol esterification, or lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity, in small amounts (20-40 microliters) of plasma samples.

Cholesterol↗

PubMed1989

A human gallbladder adenocarcinoma cell line.

A cell strain (FU-GBC-1) was established from cancerous ascites of a 68-year-old male patient with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. By light and electron microscopy, the cultured cells showed the morphologic features of adenocarcinoma characterized by gland-like structures, intracellular microcystic spaces, and mucous production. Immunoperoxidase stains showed that FU-GBC-1 cells expressed several epithelial tumor antigens including CA 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). The cell strain has been in continuous culture up to passage 44 for 1 1/2 years, with the population doubling time of 120 hours. The cytogenetic analysis by a G-band technique showed a constant loss of chromosome Y in FU-GBC-1 cells. The modal chromosome number at passage 12 was 82 with a range of 77 to 85. Flow cytometry with an ethidium bromide technique additionally confirmed aneuploid DNA content (4C) in the cultured cells at passage 12 and 35. Inoculation of FU-GBC-1 cells into the dermis of BALB/c nude mice produced transplantable adenocarcinoma identical to the original tumor. Because no continuous cell lines of the well-differentiated type of gallbladder adenocarcinoma have been reported in the literature currently, the newly established cell strain we report may yield a useful system for studying the morphologic and biologic characteristics of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

[Analysis of the treatment of pseudomyxoma peritonei--cytoreductive surgery with chemotherapy and intraperitoneal inoculation after washing with dextran].

Twelve cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Kurume University School of Medicine were categorized in three groups by treatment; 3 cases with just operations, 6 cases with chemotherapies after operations and 3 cases with chemotherapies and intraperitoneal inoculations of cisplatin after washing with dextran. These treatments were analyzed by their survival rates. As to the cases repeated operations, the second look laparotomy was estimated as a cytoreductive surgery, including a prior chemotherapy. Ten of 13 chemotherapeutic courses were effective in the 6 cases with second look laparotomies and five of 6 cases were living without tumor. We confirm the treatment of the intraperitoneal inoculation of cisplatin after dextrose washing with the cytoreductive surgery is one of the most effective therapies for pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Adult↗