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Biomedical subjects

T Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishida.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Direct hemoperfusion under infrahepatic inferior vena caval isolation for the intraarterial chemotherapy of pelvic tumors.

A new simple technique consisting of direct hemoperfusion under infrahepatic inferior vena caval isolation for intraarterial chemotherapy of pelvic tumors is herein described. The inferior vena cava is occluded at the infrahepatic level by means of balloon inflation using a balloon-tipped catheter (16F), which is placed through the right greater saphenous vein. The isolated infrahepatic vena caval blood is withdrawn by a centrifugal pump through a catheter (16F) in the contralateral greater saphenous vein and is filtered by direct hemoperfusion during intraarterial infusion of anticancer drugs. Venous reentry is provided by the central lumen of the balloon-tipped catheter. This procedure was used sequentially on two different occasions to treat a patient with an extensive pelvic tumor. Good hemodynamic stability and a reduction of the systemic drug toxicities were confirmed in both trials. Therefore, we believe that this technique is technically feasible and highly effective in reducing systemic toxicities during high-dose intraarterial chemotherapy for pelvic tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Primary pineal melanoma with long-term survival: case report.

A rare case of primary pineal melanoma is reported. The patient was a 53-year-old woman who complained of a severe headache. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images revealed obstructive hydrocephalus caused by a mass lesion in the pineal region. A biopsy was performed through an occipital transtentorial approach. A black pigmented solitary tumor was seen without leptomeningeal dissemination. Histologic examination revealed melanoma. Chemotherapy consisting of dacarbazine, ACNU, vincristine, and interferon was used. Follow-up imaging studies showed dramatic reduction of the tumor without recurrence for 4 years. This report demonstrates that a solitary primary intracranial melanoma without leptomeningeal dissemination and with rare mitoses may yield a good result with chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

Effect of cold aerobic perfusion on nonparenchymal cell viability of rat livers.

We investigated the effect of oxygen supply on hepatic cellular viability during cold perfusion storage of rat livers. A perfluoro-N-methyldecahydroisoquinoline (FMIQ) emulsion is used as an oxygen carrier. The composition of the perfusate containing 20 w/v% FMIQ is essentially the same as the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution except for the exclusion of hydroxyethyl starch. Rat livers were perfused at 4 degrees C for up to 24 h with either UW solution (group I, oxygenated; group II, unoxygenated) or FMIQ solution (group III, oxygenated; group IV, unoxygenated). After perfusion storage, the livers were reperfused with warm (37 degrees C) oxygenated or cold (4 degrees C) unoxygenated Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer, and nuclear trypan blue uptake was measured as the index of cell death. With warm oxygenated reperfusion, there remained less than 2% noviable parenchymal cells up to 24 h, regardless of perfusate or oxygenation. In UW-perfused livers, the proportion of nonviable nonprenchymal cells (NPC) increased progressively regardless of oxygenation, the values in groups I and II in the periportal field at 24 h being 39.9 +/- 4.7% (mean +/- SD) and 36.5 +/- 4.2%, respectively. By contrast, in FMIQ-perfused livers, dye uptake by NPC was significantly reduced with oxygenation (16.9 +/- 5.7% and 39.4% +/- 9.1% at 24 h in groups III and IV; P < 0.001). With cold unoxygenated reperfusion, livers in groups I, II, and IV showed a significant decrease of nonviable NPC, while those in group III showed no significant changes. These data indicate that oxygen supply during perfusion storage of the liver may ameliorate lethal injury to NPC precipitated during reperfusion.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1994

The evidence of carotid body in the carotid rete of the shiba goat.

The carotid body was found in/on the cavernous sinus of the carotid rete of the Japanese miniature Shiba goat by light and electron microscopies. The carotid body-like aggregated cell group consisted of two types of cells arranged in the lobule. The first type contained membrane-bound granular vesicles; these cells resembled to the type-I cells in the carotid body. The second type contained no cytoplasmic vesicles, and were located in the periphery, investing the type-I cells. These features appear to be consistent with those of the type-II cells in the carotid body. The nerve ending showed two peculiar features in the intercellular space of type-I cells. The clear vesicle-containing nerve ending showed a structural feature indicative of efferent synapsis. The small granular vesicle-containing nerve ending has been described as a baroreceptor-like ending by VERNA (1979). All of these features are typical characteristics of the carotid body.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Suppression of proliferative responses of lymphocytes to food antigens by an anti-allergic drug, ketotifen fumarate, in patients with food-sensitive atopic dermatitis.

Experimental studies have shown that ketotifen fumarate inhibits reaginic antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. In this study, the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to ovalbumin (OA) in children with atopic dermatitis (AD), who are sensitive to hen's egg, were significantly higher than those of healthy children. The proliferative responses of PBMCs to OA were dose-dependently inhibited by ketotifen in patients with hen's egg-sensitive AD. Moreover, the inhibition resulted from the effects of ketotifen on T cells. In contrast, the proliferative responses of PBMCs to phytohemagglutinin and tetanus toxoid were not inhibited by ketotifen. These results suggest that ketotifen inhibits food antigen-specific proliferative responses of PBMCs in patients with food-sensitive AD.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

Effects of leukotriene D4 on myocardial blood flow and high energy phosphate concentration in anesthetized dogs.

The effects of intracoronary administration of leukotriene D4 (LTD4) on myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial energy metabolism in anesthetized open-chest dogs were examined, and compared with those of coronary ligation. Two series of experiments were conducted. In the first, LTD4 (0-3.0 micrograms/kg) was injected into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and MBF was measured. While no changes in MBF were observed after 0.5 microgram/kg of LTD4, a significant decrease in MBF in the LAD area was apparent after 1.0 micrograms/kg of LTD4, with a return to baseline values by within 10 min after the injection. With 3.0 micrograms/kg of LTD4, MBF remained decreased up to 15 min after the injection. In the second study, myocardial high energy phosphate concentrations in the LAD area were determined 5 min after LTD4 administration and compared to those after ligation. ATP levels in the 1.0-3.0 micrograms/kg LTD4 groups were significantly less than those in the ligation group, although there were no associated significant differences in MBF values in the LAD area. These results indicate that LTD4 brings about changes in myocardial energy metabolism which are not secondary to reduced blood flow.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1994

Analysis for the stage specific antigen of the primordial germ cells in the chick embryo.

A monoclonal antibody 2C9 (IgM chi-light chain) was established by fusing the myeloma cells (X63-Ag8-653) with the spleen cells immunized with sexually indifferent gonads from 6-day chick embryos. The 1- to 17-day chick embryos were examined by immunohistochemistry (ABC technique). As a result, the 2C9 antigen first appeared in the cytoplasm of some primordial germ cells (PGCs) of the germinal crescent at 1 day of incubation. The reactivity was also detected in the hypoblastic cells. This antigen may be produced at this stage. After the migrating stage, 2C9-reactive PGCs were increased in number. From this stage to the sexually differentiating stage (7 days of incubation), the 2C9 antibody was reactive all over the cytoplasm of PGCs in both sexes. In the female gonads, the reactivity disappeared at 8 days of incubation, but not in the male. The reactivity of male PGCs was gradually decreased and disappeared until 14 days of incubation. Since the stages of disappearance of this antigen in both sexes seem to depend on the differentiation of the oogonia and spermatogonia, this antigen may disappear in accordance with germ cell differentiation. Cross-reactions were observed in hepatocytes, gastrointestinal endoderm and some mesonephric tubules. By SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting methods, all the extracts from these tissues revealed two bands; 109 kilodalton (kDa) and 64 kDa, suggesting that the 2C9 antibody detects the same molecule in each kind of cells. The 2C9 antibody may be a useful cell-marker and/or probe for analysis of the germ cell differentiation in chick PGCs.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Squamous cell carcinoma of the ovary--a case report.

A 68-year-old woman presented a one-month history of lower abdominal pain and weight loss, and was admitted to our hospital. On physical examination, a large hard mass was palpated in her right lower abdomen. An ultrasonograph and computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a right ovarian tumor that measured 6.9 x 4.9 cm in size. A total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed. The postoperative diagnosis of the tumor was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the ovary. She died of infection and disseminated intravascular coagulation 5 months after surgery. The clinical and autopsy examinations did not show the primary lesions of SCC except in the right ovary. Mature cystic teratoma, Brenner tumor and endometriosis, which are ordinary regarded as the histogenesis of ovarian SCC, were not found, but a few surface epithelial inclusion cysts with squamous metaplasia were observed in non-cancerous area of the right ovary, and the contiguous transition from the metaplastic cyst wall to SCC was confirmed by stepwise serial sections. The present case suggests that the surface epithelium of ovary could be the fourth possibility in the histogenesis of the ovarian SCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

A carcinoma in situ arising in an endocervical polyp--a case report.

A rare case of a carcinoma in situ arising from an endocervical polyp is described. The covering epithelium of the polyp transformed gradually into a carcinoma in situ via squamous metaplasia and dysplasia, spreading horizontally with glandular involvement, and colliding with the surface columnar cells. The lack of tumor tissue in the pedicle and adjacent cervical region confirms the case was a carcinoma in situ originating from the surface epithelium of the endocervical polyp.

Adenomatous Polyps↗
PubMed1994

Combined effects of hyaluronan and fibronectin on corneal epithelial wound closure of rabbit in vivo.

We investigated the combined effects of hyaluronan and fibronectin on corneal epithelial wound closure in vivo. When fibronectin eye drops (1 mg/ml) were administered for the first 4 hours after chemical cautery and hyaluronan eye drops (1 mg/ml) were administered for following 32 hours, the mean healing rate was significantly higher than in control eyes treated with phosphate buffered saline instead of fibronectin or with initial fibronectin alone. These results demonstrated that hyaluronan and fibronectin have a synergistic effect, with fibronectin pretreatment augmenting hyaluronan-stimulated corneal epithelial wound closure.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Sensitization to sugar cane pollen in Okinawan allergic children.

Specific IgE antibodies to sugar cane pollen were investigated in seventy-four Okinawan children who suffered from allergic disorders. Only two (2.7%) with asthma of the 74 patients had specific IgE antibodies to sugar cane pollen as well as house dust and Dermatophagoides farinae. However, they have no histories of their symptoms being aggravated when sugar cane flowers bloom. From these results, the sensitization to sugar cane pollen exists in a small number of Okinawan allergic children, however, the low incidence of positivity could reflect lack of exposure to sensitizing doses of sugar cane pollen in these children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Spermatogenesis and ultrastructure of a peculiar acrosomal formation in the musk shrew, Suncus murinus.

Spermatogenesis and acrosomal formation in the musk shrew, Suncus murinus, were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. The cycle of the seminiferous epithelium was divided into 13 stages based on the characteristics of acrosomal change and nuclear shape, appearance of meiotic figures, location of spermatids, and period of spermiation. The relative frequencies of stages 1 to 13 were 5.1, 5.9, 10.1, 8.8, 12.5, 11.5, 10.6, 7.9, 6.0, 4.8, 8.9, 3.1 and 4.8, respectively. Additionally, spermatid development was subdivided into 13 steps. Acrosomal formation during spermiogenesis in the musk shrew was quite characteristic. However, in contrast to other mammalian species, the nucleus remained in the middle region of the seminiferous epithelium, and only the acrosome extended towards the basement membrane, beginning at step 7. The extension of the acrosome was conspicuous and reached maximum at step 9. At that time, the tip of the acrosome extended nearly to the basement. The acrosome of maturing spermatids was about 3-fold longer than that of spermatozoa. Thereafter, the acrosome gradually shortened and became flat. The enormous fan-shaped acrosome was completely formed at step 13. The prominent extension and subsequent shortening and flattening of the acrosome in the musk shrew appears to be a unique process to form the enormous fan-shaped acrosome.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1994

[The effects of sex steroid hormones, gonadotropins, and gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist on the proliferation of ovarian cancer cell line (KOC-2S)].

The present study was designed to determine the effects of sex steroid hormones (estradiol, progesterone), gonadotropins (FSH, hCG), and gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa: Buserelin) on the proliferation of the ovarian serous adenocarcinoma cell line KOC-2S in vitro. The results showed: 1. The colony formation rate and fraction growth in the colony stem cell assay were suppressed by estradiol (5,000 pg/ml) and progesterone (50 ng/ml). The colony formation rates were 2.96% (control); 2.49%, 0.99% (estradiol: 500 pg/ml, 5,000 pg/ml); 2.58%, 0.53% (progesterone: 5.0 ng/ml, 50.0 ng/ml); 4.80%, 3.34% (hCG: 10 mIU/ml, 100 mIU/ml); and 1.79%, 2.96% (GnRHa: 1.0 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml). 2. The doubling time (DT) in the growth inhibition test was shortened by FSH and the saturation density (SD) became greater. The SD was suppressed by hCG. 3. The cytogenic features of the cells treated with FSH, estradiol and GnRHa did not show obvious morphologic change. The spontaneous floating cells were observed following treatment with progesterone. Cytoplasmic enlargement was observed following treatment with hCG. 4. Neither erb B nor erb B-2 was expressed in KOC-2S cells, and neither was induced by sex steroid hormones, gonadotropins or GnRHa.

Buserelin↗
PubMed1994

[The risk factors of lymph node metastasis in submucosal invasive gastric carcinoma--assessment of the indication for endoscopic treatment].

Recent advances in endoscopic diagnosis and treatments have increased the number of early gastric carcinomas being treated by endoscopic resection. However, the appropriate criteria for endoscopic resection of gastric carcinomas with submucosal invasion are not completely established. During the past 12 years from 1980 to 1992, 116 lesions in 116 patients were treated by surgical operation for differentiated type submucosal invasive gastric carcinoma. In this study, the risk factors of lymph node metastasis were investigated clinicopathologically. As the result, 1) Heterogeneity of submucosal invasive tumor margin was demonstrated in 19 (16%) of the 116 lesions of which predominant histology was differentiated adenocarcinoma. 2) Lymph node metastasis was demonstrated in 16 (16%) of the 97 lesions of which histology was differentiated type. 3) Significant risk factors of lymph node metastasis was demonstrated in submucosal massive invasion (sm3), papillary adenocarcinoma, INF gamma, lymph vessel involvement (ly(+)), and existence of ulcer (ul(+)). 4) Sm3 and papillary adenocarcinoma (pap) had a higher malignant potential than ly(+), INF gamma, and ul(+) by multivariate analysis using the logistic regression. 5) All lesions with both well differentiated adenocarcinoma (tub1) and sm minimal invasion (sm1) had no lymph node metastasis. These results suggested that the lesions with both well differentiated adenocarcinoma tub1 and sm1, which have no other risk factors such as ly(+), INF gamma, and ul(+), may be considered as the appropriate indication for endoscopic treatment of gastric submucosal carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1994

[Comparison of transarterial and transportal heating bypass in canine regional liver hyperthermia].

We compared the efficacy of transarterial heating (group I; n = 5) with transportal heating (group II; n = 3) in regional liver hyperthermia. In beagles, the femoro-hepatic arterial (FA-HA) or the femoro-portal (FV-PV) heating bypass was made. Mean bypass flow rates in groups I and II were set at 120 ml/min and 260 ml/min, respectively, simulating either actual hepatic arterial flow or portal flow rates. Bypass heating was initiated by soaking a warmer coil into the water bath kept at 45 degrees C and maintained for 60 min. The temperature of the inflow line in groups I (44.4 +/- 0.1 degrees C) and II (44.5 +/- 0.1 degrees C) became similar 5 min after the start of heating. The liver parenchymal temperature of group I promptly reached 42.0 +/- 0.9 degrees C at 30 min and could be easily controlled at a range of 42.0-42.5 degrees C thereafter. However, despite a higher heated blood flow rate in group II, the liver parenchymal temperature remained 41.1 +/- 0.1 degrees C at 60 min (p < 0.01, vs. group I). The highest rectal temperature of group I was 38.9 +/- 0.8 degrees C, while that of group II was 40.5 +/- 0.2 degrees C (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the effect of transarterial heating was superior to that of transportal heating, indicating the different thermokinetics in regional liver hyperthermia in the two methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Assessment for development of superficial colorectal neoplasm--endoscopic and clinicopathologic analysis of 149 submucosal invasive carcinomas].

We performed the endoscopic and clinicopathologic analysis for the development of superficial colorectal carcinoma, using 149 submucosal (sm) invasive colorectal carcinomas. It was observed that superficial colorectal carcinomas had a tendency to rise by their sm massive invasion. In this study, we judged that the sm colorectal carcinomas originated from superficial colorectal carcinoma were 37 (25%) of 149 lesions, and their distribution in the colon and rectum was similar to that of advanced colorectal carcinomas, although the lesions originated from non-superficial (polypoid) colorectal carcinoma did not show so tendency. On the other hand, sm colorectal carcinomas originated from superficial colorectal carcinoma contained the evident adenomatous components in 7 (19%) of 37 lesions and had significantly higher incidence of lymph node metastasis than those originated from non-superficial (polypoid) carcinoma. These results suspected the facts as follows; 1) Superficial early colorectal carcinoma may be compatible as the origin to advanced colorectal carcinoma and has higher malignant potential than non-superficial early carcinoma. 2) Superficial colorectal carcinoma might also have the route of the development of "adenoma-carcinoma sequence", as well as "de novo" histogenesis.

Adenoma↗