Biomedical subjects

T Niijima

Publications and source records attributed to T Niijima.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Comparative analysis of short-term and long-term prophylactic intravesical chemotherapy of superficial bladder cancer. Prospective, randomized, controlled studies of the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group.

The Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group has conducted three randomized clinical studies on intravesical chemoprophylaxis of superficial bladder cancers. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the first and second of these. The protocol used in the first study was a so-called short-term schedule in which drugs (for group A, ADM 30 mg/30 ml; group B, ADM 20 mg/40 ml; group C, MMC 20 mg/40 ml; and group D, control) were administered twice a week for 4 weeks after transurethral resection (TUR), and in the second study a long-term schedule was used, in which drugs (for group E, ADM 30 mg/30 ml; group F, ADM 20 mg/40 ml; group G, MMC 20 mg/40 ml; and group H, control) were administered twice a week for 1 week, every 2 weeks for 7 weeks, monthly for 8 months, and finally once every 3 months for 1 year. In the first study 575 patients were evaluated and followed up for 5 years. The second study started 28 months later, and 607 patients were evaluated. A generally good prophylactic effect was obtained in the second study when the patients' backgrounds were adjusted in combination with the history and number of the tumors. The second study did not reveal any promoting or inhibitory effect on the progression of the recurrent tumors. There were no significant side effects in either study. The indications and the schedule for prophylactic intravesical chemotherapy should be more carefully studied.

Administration, Intravesical↗

PubMed1987

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of a benign cystic teratoma in the retroperitoneum.

A retroperitoneal teratoma arising from the vicinity of the upper pole of the right kidney in an 18-year-old woman is described. The plain anteroposterior abdominal radiographs showed irregular calcific shadows with tooth-like calcifications within the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The findings of a primary cystic teratoma in the retroperitoneum examined by computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen are presented. Sagittal and coronal magnetic resonance imaging scans were useful to determine the extent of the mass, and to distinguish the mass from adjacent structures and organs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Analyses of avidin-biotin complexes with lectins of membrane glycoproteins in the urinary bladder of rats treated with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine.

The bladder epithelium was examined by staining with avidin-biotin complexes with lectins to determine the early membrane changes during bladder carcinogenesis in rats treated with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BHBN). Concanavalia ensiformis (Con A), Triticum vulgaris (WGA), Ricinus communis (RCA) and Arachis hypogaea (PNA) were used as probes. The cellular distributions of lectin particles were distinguished into membranous and cytoplasmic patterns. Normal bladder cells stained very slightly and showed a spotty membranous pattern. After treatment of rats with BHBN for two or three weeks, staining became stronger and its pattern changed from a membranous to a cytoplasmic type. The staining of bladder cancer cells induced by BHBN varied from area to area and with different lectins. These data indicated that changes in carbohydrates occur in the bladder cell membrane during the early phase of carcinogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract associated with vulvar Paget's disease: a report of two cases.

Two cases of the urothelial cancers associated with extramammary Paget's disease are reported. In one patient, vulvar Paget's disease was discovered 6 years after complete resection of a ureteral tumor. In another patient, vulvar and vaginal Paget's disease developed during a period of repeated transurethral surgery leading up to the final total cystectomy for recurrent bladder carcinoma. Since genital Paget's disease is frequently accompanied by internal malignancies, a skin biopsy is mandatory when an eczematous lesion has been persistent in the genital region of patients with genitourinary cancers.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗

PubMed1987

Use of an alpha 1-blocker, YM-12617, in micturition difficulty.

The adrenergic alpha 1-blocker has been clinically used for the treatment of patients who have micturition difficulty. However, one of its remarkable adverse reactions is orthostatic hypotension, which prevents this kind of drug from being widely used. In the present study a newly synthesized alpha 1-blocker, YM-12617, was tried and evaluated in 77 male patients with mild benign prostatic hyperplasia and in 5 women with micturition difficulties of unknown origin. Both 0.2- and 0.4-mg doses relieved the difficulty in about 80% of the patients, subjectively and objectively. A statistically significant decrease in residual urine volume (RUV) and an increase in average flow rate (Qave) and maximum flow rate (Qmax) were observed, especially in the group of patients who received 0.4 mg of this drug, but the maximum urethral closure pressure (UCPmax), maximum bladder capacity (Vmax) and premicturition pressure were unchanged. Neither orthostatic hypotension nor a fall in blood pressure were noted, and adverse reactions were negligible. Hence, the use of this drug seems to be worthwhile for the treatment of patients with mild micturition difficulty.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed1987

Possibility of elevated parathyroid function in patients with calcium-containing nephrolithiasis as compared with normal controls.

109 patients with calcium-containing nephrolithiasis and 10 normal controls underwent oral calcium load test. After thorough examination, 6 of the 109 patients were diagnosed as having primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and the remainder as having normocalcemic nephrolithiasis without PHPT. Following the oral calcium load test, the latter were operationally divided into 3 groups - normocalciuric nephrolithiasis (NN), n = 78; absorptive hypercalciuria (AH), n = 10, and renal hypercalciuria (RH), n = 15 - according to the criteria reported by Pak et al. Before the oral calcium load test, nephrogenous adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (NcAMP), urinary adenosine 3'-5'-monophosphate (urinary cAMP), and plasma immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were determined to evaluate parathyroid function. This function, as assessed by mean basal NcAMP in the NN, AH and RH groups as well as the PHPT group, was significantly increased as compared with that in the normal controls. Within the NcAMP-elevated 4 groups, the mean basal NcAMP was highest in the PHPT group followed by the RH, AH and NN groups. In view of the mean basal NcAMP, disregarding the PHPT group, the NN and AH groups seemed to be intermediate types between the normal controls and the RH groups. Similar, but less distinctive results were obtained in the determination of urinary cAMP and plasma iPTH. On the other hand, when leaving the PHPT group out, the mean basal urinary calcium creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr) was highest in the RH group followed by the AH and NN groups, and lowest in normal controls, suggesting that the NN and AH groups were intermediate between normal controls and the RH group. The mean basal urinary Ca/Cr ratio in the PHPT group was moderately elevated but not remarkable. Almost similar tendencies were observed in 24-hour urinary calcium excretions on a calcium-restricted diet. A weakly positive correlation (r = 0.232, p less than 0.05) between basal NcAMP and basal urinary Ca/Cr ratio was observed in accumulated cases of the NN, AH and RH groups, whereas a negative correlation (r = -0.664, p less than 0.05) was obtained in normal controls. It is concluded that a possible abnormal calcium metabolism is suggested in stone formers without PHPT. Additionally, it is speculated that 'relative hypercalciuria' in NN and hypercalciuria in AH and RH might be accounted for in a single line of a primary renal leak of calcium.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Primary testicular carcinoid tumor in a 19-year-old boy.

This report describes a primary carcinoid tumor of the testis arising in a 19-year-old boy. Symptoms suggestive of a carcinoid syndrome were not noted in this case. The pathological specimen did not contain teratomatous components. Histochemically, the argyrophil reaction was positive. The immunohistochemical finding of immunoreactive cells for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) was also positive. To our knowledge, this is the youngest case to be reported.

Adult↗

PubMed1987