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Biomedical subjects

T Nemoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Nemoto.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Management and survival of female breast cancer: results of a national survey by the American College of Surgeons.

This is a resume of a Breast Cancer Survey carried out by the American College of Surgeons in 1978. Four hundred and ninety-eight hospitals in 47 states, Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico participated, contributing a total of 24,136 female patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer. In these patients, five-year cure rates were 60.5% for clinically localized disease and 33.9% for regional disease. Five-year survival rates were 72.8% for localized disease and 49.1% for regional disease. From the 1960's into the early 1970's, there was a gradual shift away from radical mastectomy towards so-called modified radical mastectomy. In a group of patients treated by either radical or modified mastectomies, the axillary nodal status, size of the tumor, and location of the tumor were examined in relation to the prognosis. In the study of number of metastatic nodes in the axilla, there were reduced cure and survival rates in patients with one or more positive nodes as compared to those with negative axillary nodes. With the increase in the number of positive nodes, there was a continuing associated decline in survival and cure. The clinical size of the tumor also correlated well to the prognosis. With the increase in the size of the tumor, there was a gradual increase in the probability of axillary nodal involvement. However, in the group of patients with tumor size smaller than 1 cm, axillary metastasis occurred in 25%. When the axillary nodes were involved, the cure rate in those patients was not significantly better than the rates for those with larger primary tumors in this study. Tumors located in the medial half of the breast were associated with a slightly lower cure rate than those in the lateral half. Young women under 35 years of age had poorer survival and cure rates, although in women 35-44 years of age, the five-year results were comparable to the older group of patients. In blacks, breast cancer was diagnosed in a relatively more advanced stage than in whites. Survival and cure rates were generally lower for blacks, and such lower rates seem to be associated with the relatively advanced stage of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Tachypleus tridentatus hemocyanin. Separation and characterization of monomer subunits and studies on sulfhydryl groups.

Hemocyanin monomers were isolated from Tachypleus tridentatus hemolymph by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The isolated monomers were separated into four fractions by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography; they comprised 6 different subunits, designated as alpha-zeta chains. All of them showed the same molecular weight, 70,000, on SDS-gel electrophoresis. The zeta chain was eluted ahead of the other subunits during gel chromatography. It tended to dimerize during prolonged dialysis or purification procedures. The alpha and zeta chains were isolated in pure form. The gamma and delta chains, and also the beta and epsilon chains, were obtained as mixtures but were not separated from each other. All the subunits showed different antigenicities. The amino-terminal portions of the alpha through epsilon chains have the same sequence, Thr-Ile . Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Gln. The zeta chain has a different amino-terminal sequence, Val-Leu-Asp-X-Ile/Leu-Glu-Lys. The zeta chain contained only 1 mol of Cu/mol of protein, whereas the other chains contained 2 mol of Cu/mol of protein. No free sulfhydryl group was detected in th absence of guanidine. However, 3 mol of SH/mol of protein was detected immediately after the addition of 6 M guanidine-HCl. These SH groups were very unstable and disappeared on standing.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

Insulin release by trimetoquinol in normal and asthmatic subjects.

The existence of beta 2-adrenergic receptor in pancreatic beta-cell was evaluated. Significantly low beta 2-stimulant responsiveness of pancreatic beta-cell was observed in continuously medicated and active asthmatic subjects, indicating beta-adrenergic blockade state. This low responsiveness recovered in the inactive stage of asthma and with hydrocortisone treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Immune complexes in breast cancer patients as detected by C1q binding.

Levels of Clq binding activity have been measured in the sera of patients with benign and malignant breast disease. Cancer patients showed significantly higher binding activity than patients with gross fibrocystic disease. Clq binding levels were not related to levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, or rheumatoid factor. The Clq reactive material was identified as being precipitable with Protein A, and predominantly eluted in gel filtration fractions with a molecular weight of approximately 1 x 10(6). These studies indicate that Clq binding level may be of use in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast disease.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1979

Potentiating role of previously administered agents in the combination chemotherapy of breast cancer.

91 women with metastatic breast cancer, who received prior CTX-5FU or CTX-5FU-PRD, were treated in 3 consecutive clinical trials with either CTX-5FU-PRD-MTX-VCR, MTX-VCR, or MTX-VCR-PRD in order to elucidate whether the effectiveness of 5 drugs was due only to the newly added drugs (MTX-VCR +/- PRD) or whether the previously used drugs (CTX-5FU) were necessary as potentiating agents. There were 17 or 39 responders (43%) in the 5-drug group, 3 of 25 (12%) in the MTX-VCR group and 3 of 27 (11%) in the MTX-VCR-PRD group. The survival in the group treated with 5 drugs was significantly longer. Our results show that CTX-5FU-PRD-MTX-VCR was significantly more effective than MTX-VCR or MTX-VCR-PRD used alone after the patient had already had CTX-5FU +/- PRD. Thus, the previously used drugs (CTX-5FU) seemed to improve the response to the new agents (MTX-VCR +/- PRD) by a potentiating action in the subsequent combination. It is concluded that the exploitation of this enhancing effect represents a significant improvement in the treatment options now available.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Urinary excretion of estrone, estradiol, and estriol in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer.

The daily excretion of estrone, estradiol, and estriol was determined for 22 normal women and 35 women with primary breast cancer. The excretion of the hormones (measured in microgram/24 hr) in the breast cancer group was elevated and showed a statistical significance of P less than 0.001. The same wide difference between the 2 groups was also noted when excretion was expressed in terms of the body area of the individuals and when women of similar ages were compared.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Human tissue polypeptide antigen in breast cancer.

Serum tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were simultaneously measured in 108 patients with breast cancer, in 40 healthy women, and in 26 women with benign breast disease. TPA levels were elevated (0.09 microgram/ml or higher) in 53% of 19 patients with primary breast cancer, and CEA levels were elevated (2.5 ng/ml) in 21%. Among 67 patients with metastatic breast cancer, TPA and CEA levels were increased in 70% and 61%, respectively. TPA was positive in 13% and CEA in 8% of the healthy women. CEA levels were not elevated in patients with benign breast disease, but levels of TPA were elevated in 27% of those studied. Elevation of TPA levels was more frequent in patients with visceral metastasis having higher values of the test results. Among 22 women with breast cancer who had no apparent cancer recurrence, TPA levels were elevated in 12 and CEA levels in 6. In another group of 39 patients with metastatic breast cancer who received palliative therapy, a limited correlation was noted between the clinical course of the disease and changes in TPA and CEA values measured in linear fashion. Thus TPA appeared to be equal to CEA as a tumor marker in most areas analyzed.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1979

Use of technetium-99m as a radioactive label to study migratory patterns of leukocytes.

Technetium-99m had been used as a radioactive label to study the migratory patterns of neutrophils. In a previous in vitro study, neutrophils were labeled with Tc-99m and infused into patients with and without various hematological disorders. Increased pulmonary localization was detected by scintillation camera within 10 min; this decreased gradually within 3 hr. Accumulation was seen in the liver and spleen at 3 hr. The same results were noted by using neutrophils labeled with Tc-99m sulfur colloid. In a patient with severe ulceration in the oral cavity, due to acute leukemia, Tc-99m-labeled transfused neutrophils that were collected by filtration leukopheresis were concentrated in the infected lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Prostaglandin-induced eosinopenia in splenectomized rats.

PGE1, PGE2, and PGF2alpha over a dose range of 1 to 50 microgram/kg decreased the number of circulating eosinophils in splenectomized rats. Pretreatment with a beta-blocking agent, propranolol, did not alter this effect, but adrenalectomy eliminated it. Anterior hypothalamic destruction also abolished eosinopenia induced by PGE1 and PGF2alpha but not that induced by PGE2.

Adrenalectomy↗