Comparison of MRI and PET in patients with intractable partial epilepsy of childhood onset.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
T Negoro
Publications and source records attributed to T Negoro.
Early childhood prolonged convulsions and mesial temporal sclerosis demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging.
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Adolescent↗
[A steroid-effective case with "prolonged" cerebellar ataxia].
We reported a girl with "prolonged" cerebellar ataxia for whom steroid was effective. At the age of 9 months, she developed gait disturbance, tremor and abnormal eye movements following exanthema subitum. Her symptoms were prolonged for more than 4 months and she was admitted to our hospital. The symptoms were successfully suppressed with repeated ACTH treatment but recurred in a few weeks after cessation of the therapy. Steroid was also effective but reduction of the dosage resulted in worsening of symptoms. Immunological mechanism was suspected for her disorder because of her response to steroid and ACTH.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
[Two cases of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with lesions in the thalamus or basal ganglia on MRI].
Lesions in the thalamus or basal ganglia have rarely been reported in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). We experienced 2 cases of ADEM, in which MRI showed lesions in the thalamus or basal ganglia. Case 1, a 4-year-old boy, had gait disturbance, hyperesthesia and hyperreflexia. MRI (T2 weighted image) showed multiple high intensity areas in the right frontal lobe, bilateral parietal lobes and bilateral thalami. Case 2, a 4-year-old girl, complained of gait disturbance following a febrile episode, and displayed hyperreflexia. Several days later, she had visual disturbance of the left eye. MRI (T2 weighted image) revealed multiple high intensity areas in the dentate nucleus of left cerebellum, left occipital lobe, bilateral caudate nuclei, and the anterior part of bilateral lenticular nuclei. In both cases, CT could not demonstrate these lesions. Both of them were treated with corticosteroid and recovered rapidly. They had no recurrence. MRI is useful in diagnosis and follow-up of ADEM and may reveal lesions other than cerebral or cerebellar white matters.
Acute Disease↗
Increment of alpha B-crystallin mRNA in the brain of patient with infantile type Alexander's disease.
To estimate the expression level of alpha B-crystallin in the brain of infantile type Alexander's disease, the amounts of protein and mRNA of alpha B-crystallin were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Northern blot analysis, respectively, in the brain of patient and controls, and in the tissues from glioblastoma and astrocytoma. The alpha B-crystallin protein in the brain of patient was remarkably increased as compared with those of controls. The amount of alpha B-crystallin mRNA of patient was increased about 7-fold compared to the mean value of the control group and higher than that of glioblastoma tissue. These data suggest that increment of alpha B-crystallin mRNA in astrocytes leads to the overexpression of this protein and may be one of the main causes of infantile type Alexander's disease.
Adolescent↗
Induction of CD8+ suppressor T cells by treatment with DMBA and TPA in vitro.
Antigen-nonspecific CD8+ T suppressor cells, which suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) against sheep red blood cells in BALB/c mice, were induced by incubating spleen cells from mice treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), a tumor initiator, with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a tumor promoter. The optimal condition was incubation in 3.2 x 10(-8) mol/5 ml of TPA for 4 days. It was shown that induction of the suppressor cells required macrophages from mice treated with DMBA. These data were consistent with the results of previous work, in which CD8+ suppressor cells were induced by painting BALB/c mice with TPA following DMBA treatment. DTH was suppressed in the culture supernatants of spleen cells from mice treated with DMBA and TPA; the suppression was genetically unrestricted. The suppressor factor was resistant to trypsin and sensitive to heating at 56 degrees C for 30 min and had affinity for the macrophages.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
Streptococcal antitumor protein: expression in Escherichia coli cells and properties of the recombinant protein.
Streptococcal antitumor protein (SAGP) was produced by transformed E. coli JM103 carrying the SAGP gene downstream from the tac promoter. The purified recombinant SAGP had the same N-terminal amino acid sequence as that of the native SAGP isolated from Streptococcus pyogenes Su cells. Gel filtration analysis showed that the recombinant SAGP was a dimer, while the native SAGP was a tetramer. When the antitumor activity was tested against sarcoma 180 cells, the IC50 of the recombinant SAGP was 0.3 microgram/ml, about a quarter as active as the native SAGP. These results suggest that the quaternary structure of SAGP is important for the antitumor activity.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Synthesis of [carbonyl-14C]sparfloxacin.
A new antimicrobial quinolone, sparfloxacin (5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-7- (cis-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline -3- carboxylic acid, AT-4140; CAS 110871-86-8), was labeled by 14C for studies of disposition and metabolism. Ethyl pentafluoro[carbonyl-14C]benzoylacetate (I) was reacted with ethyl orthoformate, cyclopropylamine and then potassium tert-butoxide to give a quinolone intermediate (IV). A benzylamino derivative (V) obtained by condensation of IV and benzylamine was subject to catalytic hydrogenolysis and hydrolyzed to give the carboxyl derivative (VII), which was condensed with cis-2,6-dimethylpiperazine to form [carbonyl-14C]sparfloxacin. The average yield of 3 preparations was 41.5% and specific activities were 310.8-366.3 MBq (8.4-9.9 mCi)/mmol. Both chemical and radiochemical purities were greater than 99%.
Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
Detection of platelet mitochondrial DNA deletions in Kearns-Sayre syndrome.
To establish a noninvasive genetic diagnosing method for Kearns-Sayre syndrome, the authors used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for detecting mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in the platelets and directly sequenced the crossover regions of the deleted mtDNA using the fluorescence-based automated sequencing system. The mtDNA deletions were identified in the platelets of three of four patients. The sizes and locations of deletions were determined by the nesting primer PCR method, in which the primary PCR products derived from deleted mtDNAs undergo reamplification using a series of nesting primers. With the fluorescence-based sequencing of templates amplified by the asymmetric PCR method, deleted mtDNA was sequenced directly without cloning. In patient 1, guanine (G) was found at the boundaries of a deleted segment spanning 8400 base pairs (bp) between the CO1 and ND6 genes. In patient 2, a 9-bp directly repeated sequence of 5'-ACCTCCCTC-3' (where A = adenine, C = cytosine, and T = thymine) was found at the boundaries of a deleted segment spanning 7221 bp between the CO1 and ND5 genes. In patient 3, an 8-bp sequence of 5'-TCGCTGTC-3' was found at the boundaries of a deleted segment spanning 4664 bp between the ATPase6 and ND5 genes. Deletions were not detected in the mtDNA of patient 4 or in that of the mothers of the patients. Previously, the genetic diagnosis of this syndrome required muscle biopsy specimens and the use of Southern blot analysis. However, this method requires neither muscle biopsy nor isotopes and is more rapid than the Southern blot method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
[The use of the maxillary protractor in the treatment of cleft lip and palate: a report of two cases].
The patients who underwent reconstruction of cleft lip and palate had clinically abnormal characteristics such as cicatricial contracture in the cleft area, narrow arches, missing teeth, and fistula. Most of those patients showed severe class III malocclusion with underdevelopment of the maxillary complex. In such patients, the treatment objectives in orthodontics were mainly anterior and lateral expansions of the maxillary arches, and inhibition of mandibular growth. In recent years, the maxillary protractor has been used positively in the treatment of the underdeveloped maxillary complex. In this study, we report on two patients with cleft lip and palate, and underdevelopment of the maxillary complex. Maxillary protractors were used beneficially at the period of the dento-craniofacial growth spurt. In these two cases, improvement of disharmony was obtained in the antero-posterior relationship between the maxilla and the mandible. The effects of the treatment were forward movement of the maxilla and growth inhibition of the mandible. Accordingly, the use of the maxillary protractor for cleft lip and palate patients with underdeveloped maxilla at the period of the dento-craniofacial growth spurt was shown to be important.
Cleft Lip↗
Seizure prognosis and EEG evolution in complex partial seizures of childhood onset.
We studied the clinical course and seizure prognosis of 126 children with complex partial seizures regularly followed up for more than 4 years in our clinic. Clinical and EEG features of 63 seizure-free patients were compared with those of 63 patients with persistent seizures. The features contributing to poor prognosis were 1) mental retardation, 2) a history of status epilepticus and 3) abnormal basic rhythm in EEG. CT abnormality, a history of febrile convulsions (FC), the clustering of seizures and association with other types of seizures did not influence prognosis. We divided the patients into four groups according to the evolutionary pattern of seizure discharges: Group A, 55 (43.7%) patients with spike focus always fixed in the same region; Group B, 20 (15.9%) patients with wandering foci; Group C, 10 (7.4%) patients with multifocal spikes; and group D, 41 (32.5%) patients with no focal discharges. There was no difference in seizure prognosis among these four groups, but the patients with a focus in the anterior temporal region in Group A evidenced the worst prognosis.
Adolescent↗
Benign infantile epilepsy with complex partial seizures.
Benign infantile epilepsy with complex partial seizures is characterized by a high incidence of family history of benign childhood convulsions, normal development prior to onset, infantile onset, no underlying disorders, no neurological abnormalities, normal interictal EEGs, good response to treatment, and complete remission with normal developmental outcome. Seizures often occur in clusters, consisting of motion arrest, decreased responsiveness, staring or blank eyes mostly with simple automatisms, and mild convulsive movements associated with focal paroxysmal discharges, most frequently in the temporal area.
Electroencephalography↗
[Morphological characteristics of the cranio-facial structure of Chinese (Taiwanese) young adults].
In this study 26 males (average age: 16 y 9 m) and 23 females (average age: 16 y 7 m) were selected from Chungtai Medical Junior College in Taichung, Taiwan. Head films of these students were traced and analysed. Mean values of the Chinese young adults in Taiwan were calculated and the conclusions were as follows: 1) Linear measurements of this present study were compared to Lin's in both males and females. A significant difference was noticed in the skeletal pattern. 2) Angular measurements of this present study were compared to Lin's data of stage IIIC. The gonial angle of this present study was smaller than Lin's data. However, no significant differences were noticed in the positional relationship of upper and lower jaws. 3) Regarding the axes of the anterior teeth, a lingual tipping tendency of the upper anterior teeth and a labial tipping tendency of the lower anterior teeth were observed. 4) The linear measurements in the present study were compared to the Japanese data of stage V. The anterio-posterior dimension of the chinese maxilla was larger than the Japanese. However, there are no significant differences in the position of the upper and lower jaws in females. 5) The measurements of the mandible in this study were smaller than those of the Japanese data. The gonial and mandibular plane angles, especially, were significantly smaller than those of Japanese. 6) The axes of upper and lower anterior teeth of Taiwanese showed more labial tipping than those of Japanese in this study.
Adolescent↗
[Two case reports of maxillary prognathism. Some considerations of treatment for different facial type cases].
Generally, prognathism has been just identified as a large overjet. However, for the purposes of treatment, it should be noticed that different facial types are included in this malocclution. Facial pattern is classified into 2 groups; dolico and brachio facial types. The dolico facial type is generally a high angle case. It has a weaker natural anchorage than the brachio facial type. Consequently, it has a downward component in its mandibular growth. The classification of the two different facial types of maxillary prognathism would influence orthodontic treatment. When deciding on the treatment, the differences between the two facial types--in type of anchorage, growth direction, and control of toothaxis--should be taken into account.
Cephalometry↗
[Suspected germ cell tumor in bilateral basal ganglia with progressive dystonia].
We report an 11-year-old boy with left pyramidal signs followed by progressive dystonia, mental deterioration, bradykinesia and bradyarthria. Evaluation included a CT scan which showed bilateral lesions in the basal ganglia, and an elevated serum B-HCG. Those findings suggested a germ cell tumor. The patient was treated with radiation therapy with improvement in neurologic deficits, decreased size of the lesions on CT and a decline in serum B-HCG. The clinical response to radiation treatment is compatible with a germ cell tumor.
Basal Ganglia Diseases↗
[Radiographic diagnosis of villous tumor of the colon].
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Adenoma↗
Analysis of site of action of a choriocarcinoma-derived immunoregulatory factor on IL-2-mediated T cell responses.
We have investigated the functional ability of a choriocarcinoma-cell-derived factor to block human T cell responses and the factor's immunoregulatory site of action on the T cell signal transduction pathway. The factor completely suppressed human T cell responses activated by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, reagents which strongly stimulate IL-2-mediated T cell responses. It failed to inhibit CD 25 expression and IL-2 production by T cell blasts in the T cell activation phase, but completely blocked recombinant IL-2-induced proliferation of T cell blasts in the T cell proliferation phase. Absorption experiments with the factor and Con A-induced T cell blasts as well as [125I]IL-2 binding experiments with T cell blasts revealed that the factor acted on the physiological events occurring after IL-2-mediated stimulation of IL-2 receptor complexes, demonstrating no interaction of the factor with either IL-2 molecules or IL-2 receptor complexes. Moreover, it suppressed murine IL-2 dependent T cell line proliferation, suggesting the presence of common pathways in human and murine T cell proliferation. The biological and immunological significance of the factor during pregnancy and in the immunosuppressed tumor-bearing hosts are discussed.
Calcimycin↗
Zygosity determination of multiple pregnancy by deoxyribonucleic acid fingerprints.
We used a new method of deoxyribonucleic acid analysis to determine zygosity in multiple pregnancies. This method uses a minisatellite core probe, requires only a small amount of deoxyribonucleic acid, and detects the restriction fragment length polymorphisms that are a result of allelic differences in the number of tandem repeats that contain the core sequence. Southern blot hybridization showed an individual-specific deoxyribonucleic acid fingerprint and each polymorphic band in the sibling could be identified within one (but not both) of the parents. Identical deoxyribonucleic acid fingerprints among the siblings of multiple pregnancy indicate they must be monozygotic. This method is sufficiently reliable and rapid so the determination of zygosity in multiple pregnancy can be made the same day the fetal deoxyribonucleic acid is made available.
DNA↗