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T Negishi

Publications and source records attributed to T Negishi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Regulatory mechanism of phosphofructokinase in rabbit dental pulp].

Phosphofructokinase (ATP: D-fructose 6-phosphate 1-transferase) catalyzes the phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate (Fru-6-P) by ATP to from fructose 1,-bisphosphate, and is considered to be the key enzyme in glycolytic pathway in liver and other tissues. In dental pulp, both aerobic and anaerobic pathways of carbohydrate metabolism are present. It was reported that oxygen consumption was parallel to the activity of dentin formation, and anaerobic pathway became predominant after the cession of calcification. Analysis of glycolytic activity in bovine dental pulp revealed that PFK was also the key enzyme in this tissue. But, the regulatory mechanism of PFK in dental pulp has not been elucidated yet. In this paper, properties and regulatory mechanism of PFK in rabbit molar teeth were examined, and the following results were obtained. 1. At nearly neutral pH, PFK activity was extremely low, and it increased with the shift of pH to more alkaline side. Maximum activity was obtained over pH 8.0. 2. At physiological pH, PFK was activated with low concentration of ATP, but was inhibited with high concentration of ATP. 3. For the recovery of PFK activity from ATP-dependent inhibition, not only Fru-6-P but also AMP and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2) were necessary. 4. In rabbit dental pulp, PFK was regulated synergistically by Fru-6-P, ATP, AMP and Fru-2,6-P2, and the range of the actual PFK activity seemed to be 30 to 80% of the maximum activity. 5. PFK was activated also with inorganic phosphate. But, addition of calcium resulted in the inhibition of PFK.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of tegafur administration combined with hormonal therapy in patients with newly diagnosed stage D prostatic cancer].

To study the effect of tegafur administration combined with hormonal therapy on the survival rate of newly diagnosed patients with stage D prostatic cancer, 66 patients, 70.9 years old in mean age, were treated from 1979 to 1986. The cancer was proven by the histological or cytological examination of the specimen which was obtained by the needle biopsy and/or aspiration biopsy of the prostate. The histopathological diagnosis of 59 patients was as follows: well differentiated type of adenocarcinoma was observed in 13 patients, moderately differentiated type in 19 cases, poorly differentiated type in 24 cases and mixed type in 3 cases. Daily 600 mg tegafur was administered orally as long as possible from the beginning of the treatment combined with hormonal therapy. Actual and relative 5 year survival rates calculated with Kaplan-Meier's method were 31.2% and 39.2%, respectively. When deaths other than prostatic cancer death were counted as lost cases, the actual survival rate was 47.5%. The present study also demonstrated that there were some factors affecting the patients' prognosis. They were the age of onset of the disease (patients under 64 years old were worse than those over 65 years old; p less than 0.05), performance status (patients with PS from 0 to 2 at the first admission were better than those with PS 3 to 4; p less than 0.025), differentiation of the tumor (well differentiated type was better than moderately; p less than 0.025 or poorly differentiated type; p less than 0.005).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Multiple primary cancers of the head and neck].

From January 1985 to June 1988, the authors have treated 138 cases of head and neck cancers. Among this number, six cases (4.3%) involved patients with a multiple primary cancer. With the exception of 1 case, all patients were male with a history of heavy smoking and excessive drinking. The primary cancer of the head and neck was most frequently located in the hypopharynx, and a secondary multiple cancer in the upper digestive tract especially the esophagus. Although we were unable to detect an early esophageal cancer by an esophagogram in some cases, each lesion could be detected by using lugol stain and gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Prophylactic effects of perioperatively administered neocarzinostatin in renal cell carcinoma.

Eighteen patients with stages I to III renal cell carcinoma were treated with Neocarzinostatin before, during and after nephrectomy. The mean cumulative dose of Neocarzinostatin was 18.0 mg. With a minimum follow-up period of 57 months (4.8 years), two of 18 patients developed metastasis and both were dead. Of 17 control patients who were observed for 72 months (6.0 years) or more, ten had recurrent disease and eight of them were dead. The 5-year survival rates were 94% for patients who received Neocarzinostatin and 62% for control patients. There was a statistical difference in survival between these two groups. Neocarzinostatin seems to be effective in the prevention of postoperative recurrence of renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Inhibitory effect of chlorophyll on the genotoxicity of 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2).

Genotoxicity of 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2) on Drosophila was suppressed by chlorophyll. Using the wing hair spot test, we found that the formation of mutant hairs in adult flies as a result of feeding them with Trp-P-2 in their larval stage was efficiently inhibited by coadministration of chlorophyll. The decrease in the spot frequencies was dependent on the dose of chlorophyll, and at the highest dose used, where the ratio in weight of Trp-P-2 to chlorophyll was 1:80, a complete prevention of the small single-spot formation was observed. A similar inhibitory effect was detected for chlorophyllin, the chromophore of chlorophyll. In the studies to investigate the mechanism of inhibition, we observed that the mutagenicity of 3-hydroxy-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole [Trp-P-2(NHOH)], the metabolically activated form of Trp-P-2, in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 was suppressed effectively with chlorophyll and chlorophyllin. We also found that chlorophyll and chlorophyllin can produce complexes with Trp-P-2 and Trp-P-2(NHOH). A straightforward mechanism of these inhibitions is that Trp-P-2 [and Trp-P-2(NHOH)] becomes no longer available to organisms on forming the chlorophyll complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Pressure-flow study after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy].

In 46 patients treated with PNL in our hospital, the intervals from PNL to removal of a catheter indwelled in the nephrostomy were studied. The intervals were longer in the cases with ureteral stones than those with renal stones probably because of the different degrees of obstruction. To investigate the degree and the interval of upper urinary tract obstruction after PNL, Pressure-flow Studies were performed every or every other day after PNL in 5 cases with renal stones and 5 cases with ureteral stones, selected from 46 cases. In Pressure-flow Studies, intrapelvic pressures were measured while saline mixed with pigment was being dripping at a rate of 5 ml/min into the renal pelvis through the nephrostomy catheter. Saline initially reached into the urinary bladder at an average of 4.8 days after PNL (range 3 to 7 days) with a mean intrapelvic pressure of 37.6 cmH2O (range 28 to 52 cmH2O) in the cases with renal stones and at an average of 9.2 days (range 7 to 12 days) with a mean intrapelvic pressure of 27.0 cmH2O (range 9 to 43 cmH2O) in the cases with ureteral stones. Pressure-flow Studies were performed again a few days after the initial passage of saline into the urinary bladder in 2 of 10 cases. The intrapelvic pressures, 16 cmH2O and 13 cmH2O, respectively, several days after the initial passage of saline were lower than those, 35 cmH2O and 43 cmH2O, respectively, at the initial passage of saline. Therefore, it was likely that the proper interval of indwelling catheter after PNL was about 7 to 8 days, in the cases with renal stones and about 11 to 12 days in the cases with ureteral stones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A study on acute renal damage from percutaneous nephrolithotomy assessed by urinary NAG and gamma-GTP activities].

We performed percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) on 49 patients between May, 1986 and March, 1987. To investigate acute renal damage from PNL, we measured urinary NAG (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase) and gamma-GTP (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) activities before PNL and for 6 days after PNL in 24 patients. The NAG activities elevated beyond normal level in 23 patients and gamma-GTP activities in 15 patients. NAG activities showed a peak level in the third day after PNL and gamma-GTP activities in the next day of PNL. After the peak both enzyme activities got down gradually. There was no difference in NAG and gamma-GTP activities between nephrostomy and lithotripsy in 2 staged patients. And the intrapelvic pressure during operation was at the normal level in 5 patients. Therefore, we think that the cause of NAG and gamma-GTP activity elevation is a mechanical damage, not an influence of the irrigation fluid. Large stones, long operation time and 2 stage procedure were the factors that produced high enzyme activities, because, we guess, the frequency of mechanical damages to the kidney increase in such cases. Postoperative pyrexia caused a slight increase in enzyme activities but preoperative hydronephrosis exerted no influence on both enzyme activities. We also measured creatinine clearance before and after PNL but no significant change was obtained. PNL causes only slight mechanical damage to the operated kidney which is reversible when assessed by NAG and gamma-GTP activities and the glomerular function is not affected. Therefore, we conclude that PNL is a safe treatment for upper urinary tract stones.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

[A case of lipoma of the spermatic cord].

A rare case of lipoma of the spermatic cord is reported. A 53-year-old man was admitted with painless mass in the left scrotum during the preceding one year. Since an elastic soft, tenderless, smooth surface, fist-sized and low echoic solid pattern mass in the left scrotum was suspected of tumor of the spermatic cord, resection of the mass with left orchiectomy was performed. Histological finding showed lipoma of the spermatic cord. Including the present case, 61 cases of intrascrotal lipoma in the Japanese literature are reviewed.

Genital Neoplasms, Male↗
PubMed1989

[Condyloma acuminata in teenage patients].

From 1978 to 1987, 93 new patients with condyloma acuminata visited urological clinic of our hospital. Among them, 16 patients (17%) were teenagers. The number of teenage patients increased gradually year after year as the total number of patients increased. The proportion of females in teenagers was slightly higher than that in adults. Condyloma in male teenage patients frequently occurred around the cornal sulcus. The site of condyloma in female teenage patients were labia minora and anus. None of other sexually transmitted diseases except for urethritis accompanied condyloma. All patients underwent electrocautery. None of teenage patients showed recurrence of condyloma in contrast with relative high recurrence rate (19%) in adult patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The clinical study of 23 cases in patients with bladder cancer over 85 years old].

We treated 23 patients with bladder cancer over 85 years old. The male to female ratio was 3.6. Six cases (26%) were of low grade (G1) cancer and 16 (70%) were of high grade (G2, G3), and the other one was of unknown grade. Superficial cancer (less than or equal to pT1) was seen in 11 cases (48%), and invasive cancer (greater than or equal to pT2) was 12 cases (52%). The 3-year survival rate was 38% for all, that for superficial cancer 55%, and that for invasive cancer 0%. Fifteen cases (65%) were treated by TUR and the prognosis of invasive cases in this group was poor.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[70% glucose solution: clinical usefulness for postoperative management of anuric patients].

Hemodialysis is necessary for postoperative management of the patients with bilateral renal tumor or chronic renal failure, but taking into account the heavy burden imposed upon the patients, use of postoperative hemodialysis should be kept to the minimum. As one bottle (300 ml) of 70% glucose solution contains 840 cal, two bottles per day (its volume is nearly equal to intensive perspiration) is enough in calorific value. This 70% glucose solution was found useful for the management of patients with acute renal failure. Because the postoperative state of anuric patients is similar to the state of acute renal failure, this time we studied the clinical usefulness of a 70% glucose solution for the postoperative management of these patients. We administered 600 ml of a 70% glucose solution to three postoperative patients, who were operated on for bilateral renal tumor, bilateral renal pelvic tumor, and renal tumor with lung metastasis and who had been on chronic hemodialysis. The rate of blood urea nitrogen increase was very low, and hyperkalemia was not seen. We concluded that a 70% glucose solution was useful to delay the start of hemodialysis and to lessen its frequency, which suggests that it is useful to improve the postoperative course of anuric patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical features of stage D prostatic carcinoma].

Sixty seven cases of stage D prostatic carcinoma were analyzed according to age, chief complaints, histopathological types, metastatic sites, and serum acid and alkaline phosphatase levels. In spite of metastasis, which were in 62 cases (92.5%) to bone, in 17 cases (25.4%) to lymph nodes, and in 3 cases (4.5%) to the lung, the most common chief complaints were symptoms related to the primary lesion, such as dysuria and urinary frequency. There was no significant correlation between the incidence of bone metastasis and histopathological type. However, higher incidence of lymph node metastasis was observed in the histological types of moderate and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma than well differentiated type. When cases were divided into two groups by age, significant differences were observed between younger (64 less than or equal to years old) and older (greater than or equal to 65 years old) groups in the following points: 1) Histopathologically, well differentiated type was not recognized in the younger group, while three histological types of well, moderate and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, were equally distributed among the older one. 2) Although there was no significant difference in the incidence or the numbers of metastatic sites to bone between the two groups, the younger patients had less symptoms related to bone metastasis. The prominent symptoms in the younger group were complaints about voiding.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

Dietary inhibitors of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.

Dietary inhibitors of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis are of particular interest because they may be useful for human cancer prevention. Several mutagenesis inhibitors have been demonstrated to be carcinogenesis inhibitors also, e.g., ellagic acid, palmitoleic acid, and N-acetylcysteine. This means that the search for mutagenesis inhibitors may be useful for discovering anticarcinogenic agents. Many mutagenesis inhibitors have been discovered by the use of short-term assays, particularly the Ames Salmonella test. This simple in vitro system has provided opportunities to elucidate the mechanisms of inhibition. The elucidation of the mechanism may allow us to infer the possible anticarcinogenic activity of the reagent. In this chapter, inhibitors of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis that can arise as components of diet have been reviewed. Most of the inhibitors have been demonstrated to be effective against a specific class of mutagens or carcinogens. Therefore, it may be argued that these inhibitors are antagonistic only to those particular agents. Here again, understanding of the mechanisms of these inhibitions is necessary for the assessment. Dietary inhibitors reviewed in this article include: (1) as inhibitors of mutagenesis: porphyllins, fatty acids, vitamins, polyphenols, and sulfhydryl compounds, (2) as inhibitors of carcinogenesis: vitamins A, E and C, ellagic acid, sulfhydryl compounds, fats, selenium, calcium, and fiber. Further studies in this area of science appear to help establish the recipe of a healthy diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Isolation and identification of beta-nitrostyrene from smoked chicken.

Extraction and identification of beta-nitrostyrene from smoked chicken is described. Commercially obtained smoked chicken was homogenised and extracted with chloroform-methanol (2:1). The extracts were fractioned by silicic acid column chromatography. The purified extract using thin-layer chromatography was identified by a colour reaction (this qualitative method for some nitrated compounds is developed this time), high pressure liquid chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The concentration of beta-nitrostyrene in the smoked chicken was 94 ppb. The average recovery of added beta-nitrostyrene was 107%. However, the toxicity of this material was not tested in the present paper.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

The genotoxicity of N4-aminocytidine in the Drosophila wing spot test.

The nucleoside analogue N4-aminocytidine is known to induce mutations in bacteria, and was shown to induce somatic mutations in Drosophila melanogaster after larval administration. The assay system employed was a wing-hair mutation spot test developed by Würgler and co-workers. The potency of N4-aminocytidine to induce somatic mutation is comparable to those of several food-pyrolysate mutagens previously reported. The occurrence of twin spots, i.e. two types of recessive mutant-hair clones in adjacent positions, suggests that N4-aminocytidine induces somatic recombination in Drosophila. Another feature of the mutagenicity of N4-aminocytidine is that both the acute and the chronic larval feedings gave rise to mutant hair formation of similar patterns with respect to the spot-size distributions: small single spots were formed predominantly and the larger the spot-size, the lower their frequency.

Animals↗