Biomedical subjects

T Nakada

Publications and source records attributed to T Nakada.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Changes in serum levels of prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate specific antigen after luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue administration in patients with metastatic prostatic cancer in relation to glandular differentiation.

Eighteen previously untreated patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate were treated with LHRH analogue. They were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of glandular differentiation. In all groups, a transient rise of PAP and PSA was observed after the LH and testosterone surge. However, relative values of LH, testosterone, PAP and PSA did not differ significantly among the 3 groups. These facts suggest that a transient rise of PAP and PSA is caused by testosterone surge independently from the degree of glandular differentiation after LHRH analogue administration in patients with advanced prostatic cancer.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1995

Skene's duct cyst in adult women: report of two cases.

Skene's duct cysts in the adult are uncommon lesions. Complete urologic examinations are necessary because these lesions simulate other clinically important lesions. Herein we report two cases of Skene's duct cyst in adult women. In these cases we could make differential diagnosis by physical, radiological and endoscopic examinations.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Ultrastructure of Leydig cells in Down's syndrome.

Hormonal and ultrastructural examinations of the testis were performed in a patient with Down's syndrome. Plasma testosterone was abnormally low, and circulating levels of LH and FSH were higher than the normal range. The administration of HCG resulted in a low response of plasma testosterone. Electron microscopy revealed proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, an increase in paracrystalline inclusions and the absence of Reinke's crystals in Leydig cells.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Cytomegalovirus-associated hepatitis and duodenal ulcer in kidney allograft recipients.

We report here on two patients with kidney allografts who had hepatitis and duodenal ulcer caused by cytomegalovirus. In one case, hepatosplenomegaly and jaundice appeared after high fever lasting for ten days. Laboratory examinations showed liver dysfunction and lymphocytosis with atypical forms. Virological studies revealed cytomegalovirus infection and we successfully treated the patient with human interferon-beta. In the other case, duodenal bleeding followed by interstitial pneumonia occurred at the 54th day after transplantation. Bleeding from the small duodenal ulcer did not stop in spite of conservative and endoscopic therapies, and gastrectomy was performed. Histologically many epithelial cells with intranuclear inclusions were found around the ulcer. Virological studies showed elevation of antibody titres to cytomegalovirus which was isolated from the urine and oropharyngeal secrete. After gastrectomy and treatment with ganciclovir, the general condition improved and graft function was maintained. Our experience with these cases suggests that aggressive diagnostic investigations for cytomegalovirus infection are essential in patients with organ allografts who present liver and gastrointestinal lesions.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Clinical and retrospective evaluation of Eviprostat: a non-hormonal and non-neuropharmacological agent for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Eviprostat has been used as a non-hormonal and non-neuropharmacological treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Japan. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of Eviprostat in patients with symptomatic BPH and the anti-inflammatory effect of this drug was investigated by retrospective evaluation of TUR specimens. Clinically, Eviprostat subjectively relieved obstructive symptoms of BPH. Objective improvements were also demonstrated by ultrasonographic evaluation of prostatic volume and urinary flow rates. Histologically, preoperative administration of Eviprostat improved the degree of prostatic inflammation. This drug probably can have a place in the treatment of patients with mild or moderate symptoms of outflow obstruction.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Recurrence of urethral stricture after single internal urethrotomy.

Recurrence of urethral stricture after single internal urethrotomy was investigated in 66 patients with special reference to some factors which would influence restricturing. In the present study, recurrence rate was 16.7% (11 patients). Recurrences occurred within an average of 11.9 months. Factors that had no influence on restricturing were age, aetiology, site of the stricture and duration of indwelling catheterization. On the other hand, stricture length appeared to influence the outcome (chi 2, p < 0.001). Short stricture (< or = 10 mm) showed only 4.4% recurrence rate, while 42.9% in long stricture (> 10 mm). Internal urethrotomy appeared to be effective particularly when the stricture was short, while it seemed difficult to treat long strictures by single internal urethrotomy.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Inhibition of hepatic metastases of human colon cancer in nude mice by a chimeric SF-25 monoclonal antibody.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatic metastasis is one of the most serious complications of human colon cancer. A murine-human chimeric SF-25 monoclonal antibody was prepared, and this construct recognizes a cell surface antigen highly present in human colon adenocarcinoma. METHODS: This study determined if the chimeric SF-25 monoclonal antibody inhibits the outgrowth of hepatic metastases of human colon adenocarcinoma using an athymic nude mouse model. RESULTS: A single intravenous injection of chimeric SF-25 monoclonal antibody significantly inhibited the outgrowth of 5- and 7-day hepatic micrometastases (P = 0.0001 and 0.004, respectively, vs. untreated) and improved the survival of the animals. No detectable tumor was found in the liver when mice were treated by multiple injections of the antibody immediately after tumor cell grafting into the portal vein. In contrast, F(ab')2 fragments did not show antitumor effects, and the administration of natural killer cell or macrophage depleting agents (anti-asialo GM1 antibody and carrageenan, respectively) substantially inhibited the antitumor effects of chimeric SF-25 monoclonal antibody in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Chimeric SF-25 monoclonal antibody inhibits growth of hepatic metastasis of human colon cancer, and cell-mediated host immune mechanisms seem to be important for its in vivo antitumor activity.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1995

Guanidinoethane sulfate is neuroprotective towards delayed CA1 neuronal death in gerbils.

The potential neuroprotective effects of guanidinoethane sulfate (GES) on delayed neuronal death of hippocampal CA1 neurons were investigated using a gerbil model of forebrain ischemia. Neuronal densities of CA1 neurons in the saline control group (255.1 +/- 11.7 cells/mm) and guanidinoethane sulfate pretreated control group (249.0 +/- 9.4 cells/mm) showed no significant differences. By contrast, in animals subjected to ischemia, CA1 neurons of the guanidinoethane sulfate pretreated group showed a significantly higher number of surviving neurons (61.1 +/- 55.11 cells/mm) compared to the saline group (17.75 +/- 12.73 cells/mm) (p < 0.05, t-test). The study indicated that although partial, guanidinoethane sulfate is neuroprotective towards gerbil hippocampal CA1 neurons against ischemic insult.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Three-dimensional anisotropy contrast magnetic resonance imaging of the rat nervous system: MR axonography.

Anisotropy of apparent diffusivities (Dapp) of water molecules is known to be an excellent means for elucidating detailed information regarding neuronal fiber direction and density in live subjects (axonography). Nevertheless, determination of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the apparent diffusion tensor, D xi app, the necessary process for the treatment of D xi app in axonography, is cumbersome and the quality of the reconstructed images based on estimated parameter values of D xi app has often been disappointing. We present here a simple algorithm which allows for the extraction of the anisotropic term vector, DAapp, from D xi app in pictorial form, which in turn provides a novel color-coded contrast for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI images constructed using this technique, three-dimensional anisotropy contrast (3DAC), provided impressive anatomic resolution of the CNS, comparable to in vitro histology. Directional information of DAapp expressed by hue of color clearly correlated to fiber direction, while magnitude of DAapp expressed by intensity of color correlated to fiber diameter. Magnetic resonance axonography (MRX) utilizing 3DAC technique possesses significant potential for various biological and clinical applications.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1995

Spontaneous aortic thrombosis in a neonate with multiple thrombi in the main branches of the abdominal aorta.

Spontaneous aortic thrombosis in the neonate is a rare entity with a high mortality rate. The present patient, who was diagnosed after showing haematuria and cyanosis, underwent aortic thrombectomy with a Fogarty catheter through a left thoracotomy, but died of sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure. Autopsy revealed multiple residual thrombi in the main branches of the abdominal aorta and necrosis of the abdominal organs despite a patent thoracoabdominal aorta. In patients with no blood flow in the main branches of the abdominal aorta on preoperative examination, removal of thrombi, including those in the main branches of the abdominal aorta, might be performed in a single, early and aggressive procedure.

Aorta, Abdominal↗

PubMed1995

Therapeutic outcome of primary aldosteronism: adrenalectomy versus enucleation of aldosterone-producing adenoma.

Our followup study of 48 patients with primary aldosteronism concerns the results of 2 different operative methods. After preoperative localization of the unilateral solitary tumor 22 patients underwent unilateral adrenalectomy and 26 underwent enucleation of aldosterone-producing adenoma. Both operative methods improved hypertension, hypokalemia, the low urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio, suppressed plasma renin activity, high plasma aldosterone concentration, high urinary aldosterone excretion and high urinary kallikrein excretion in similar orders of magnitude for 5 years. Levels of plasma cortisol and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone following respective operations were also identical. Five years postoperatively, ambulation and furosemide administration under low sodium diet stimuli remarkably enhanced plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration in the aldosterone-producing adenoma enucleation group (p < 0.001), almost similar to that of normal subjects but increment magnitudes were slight (p < 0.05 to < 0.01) in the adrenalectomy group. Preoperatively, angiotensin II infusion failed to increase plasma aldosterone concentration in patients with primary aldosteronism. After respective operations, responses of plasma aldosterone concentration to angiotensin II infusion and of plasma cortisol to adrenocorticotropic hormone administration in the aldosterone-producing adenoma enucleation group were more sensitive than those in the adrenalectomy group. There was no remission of recurrent hyperaldosteronism in either group throughout the study. These results suggest that angiotensin II induces aldosterone release by an activation of tumor uninvolved cortical cells and that the enucleation of aldosterone-producing adenoma is more preferable than unilateral adrenalectomy.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗

PubMed1995

Effects of naloxone on regional norepinephrine content of the rabbit urinary bladder after electrical pelvic floor stimulation.

OBJECTIVES: Effect of opioid blockade on regional norepinephrine content of the rabbit urinary bladder was investigated under electrical pelvic floor stimulation. METHODS: Norepinephrine content of the bladder body and base of the rabbit was estimated by high-performance liquid chromatography in the following four subgroups: control group; group 1, treated by electrical stimulation; group 2, treated by naloxone alone; and group 3, treated by electrical stimulation and naloxone. RESULTS: Intravenous administration of naloxone (group 2) caused depletion of norepinephrine content in the bladder body (P < 0.001). Norepinephrine content in the bladder base was also reduced, although this difference was not statistically significant. Electrical stimulation to the pelvic floor musculature (group 1) increased norepinephrine content both in the bladder base and the body (P < 0.01). Such a norepinephrine elevation disappeared in the rabbit treated by electrical stimulation plus naloxone (group 3). Norepinephrine content of this group was almost the same as those treated by naloxone alone. CONCLUSIONS: Opioid blockade appeared to block the hypogastric nerve activation induced by electrical pelvic floor stimulation.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus after kidney transplantation.

We report on 10 kidney transplant patients with acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus, accompanied by the deterioration of kidney function. They developed macrohematuria with urgency, frequency and micturition pain for more than 7 days within 1 year after transplantation. Adenovirus type 11 was isolated from the urine of 6 patients, and complement-fixing antibody became positive in 9 patients. Hematuria and irritative voiding symptoms disappeared without any specific treatment; however, serum creatinine rapidly increased. The histological findings of the biopsy specimens indicated that renal impairment was attributed to acute rejection in some cases and virus-associated nephropathy in other cases. Acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by adenovirus is an interesting complication after kidney transplantation, especially with regard to kidney impairment and treatment.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

PubMed1995

Nuclear DNA ploidy pattern and tissue levels of dihydroxyphenylalanine and catecholamines in pheochromocytoma.

Flow-cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA and measurements of tissue levels of dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) and catecholamines were performed using fresh samples of tissue taken from 17 patients with pheochromocytoma. Nine (53%) tumors had a diploid pattern of DNA, and 8 (47%) had an aneuploid pattern. The tissue concentrations of dopa, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine did not differ significantly between pheochromocytomas with a diploid and those with an anoeuploid pattern. These results suggest that there is no correlation between nuclear DNA ploidy and tissue levels of dopa and catecholamines in pheochromocytomas.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗

PubMed1995

Cryptorchidism and marker chromosomes: identification of marker chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Identification of marker chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed in 2 cases of cryptorchidism. In case 1, the marker chromosome was derived from chromosome 22. In case 2, the origin of the marker was the centromere of chromosome 8. The extent of the congenital anomalies in these cases was milder than that in cases with complete trisomy of an autosome. These findings suggest that an incomplete extra autosome might influence clinical characteristics.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Successful renal autotransplantation with Y-prosthetic aortic replacement in a patient with complete occlusion of abdominal aorta and renal artery.

Occlusion of the abdominal aorta represents the end stage of an atherosclerotic process and often is associated with stenosis of renal artery inducing renal failure and hypertension. Surgical and medical treatments are indicated to preserve and restore renal function in patients with these conditions. We report herein the first successful renal autotransplantation combined with aortic replacement by Y prosthesis in a patient with complete occlusion of abdominal aorta and bilateral renal arteries, resulting in limb-threatening ischemia and progressive renal failure.

Aorta, Abdominal↗

PubMed1995

Down's syndrome associated with intracranial germinoma and testicular embryonal carcinoma.

In patients with Down's syndrome, the frequency of leukemia is significantly greater than normally would be expected. However, cancers other than leukemia have been reported to occur rarely. We present a case of Down's syndrome associated with intracranial germinoma and testicular embryonal carcinoma. Currently, no case of double primary carcinomas in Down's syndrome has been reported to the authors' knowledge.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Removal of large adrenal tumor on the right side with liver mobilization.

Twenty-one patients with large adrenal tumor on the right side were operated on at Yamagata University Hospital. Bilateral anterior subcostal incision with a vertical midline incision extending from the xiphoid and subsequent use of self-retraction system provided satisfactory exposure of anterior liver and diaphragma area. Successive retraction of the liver exposed the right adrenal tumor and its vascular pedicles. 14 (66.7%) of the 21 patients received right adrenalectomy with liver mobilization, and 7 (33.3%) received right adrenalectomy without mobilizing the liver. Despite the average weight of removed tumors was 152.9% (p < 0.01) greater in the liver mobilized group than in the liver nonmobilized group, the incidence of good exposure of right adrenal central vein including adjacent organs was higher in the former group. In addition, incidence of blood transfusion was identical in both groups. Although postoperative liver function was slightly impaired in the liver mobilized group as compared with the liver nonmobilized group, all examined valuables manifesting liver function in the former group returned to preoperative levels within 3 weeks. The operative procedure described above appears to be useful for the removal of right large adrenal tumors with less risk of serious accident.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗