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Biomedical subjects

T Naito

Publications and source records attributed to T Naito.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Side effects in the treatment of herpetic keratitis.

Various side effects due to antiherpetic drugs observed in the last ten years in our department were studied. A total of 132 patients were treated with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU), 69 with trifluorothymidine (F3T), 58 with acyclovir (ACV) and 33 with adenine arabinoside (ara-A). Patch tests were routinely done when patients exhibited contact dermatitis. Of the patients treated with IDU, 3 (2.3%) showed contact dermatitis, 2 (1.5%) follicular conjunctivitis and 1 (0.8%) punctate keratopathy. Of the patients treated with F3T, 7 (10.1%) exhibited contact dermatitis and 1 (1.4%) follicular conjunctivitis. In the group treated with ACV, 2 (3.4%) patients showed punctate keratopathy. The patients who received ara-A did not show any side effects. We found that F3T caused contact dermatitis more frequently in Japanese people than Europeans. These side effects were resolved by switching to another anti-herpetic drug without the occurrence of cross-allergy. Therefore, switching to another drug is strongly recommended when patients exhibit side effects in the treatment of herpetic keratitis. Other complications were allergy to atropine and to drug preservative.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1987

Anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) effect of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) in rabbit cornea.

The anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) effect and cytotoxicity of a new nucleoside analogue, 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) in rabbit cornea were studied. In tests of the anti-HSV effect of DHPG, even 0.03% ointment, given 5 times per day for 2 days, prevented lesion formation. The preventive effect of DHPG was much stronger than that of acyclovir (ACV) or 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU). In tests on the therapeutic effect of DHPG against dendritic ulcers, 0.3% ointment, given 5 times per day for 4 days, had a dramatic therapeutic effect. The effect was stronger than that of 3% ACV or 0.5% IDU ointment. Application of 0.3%, 1% or 3% DHPG ointment to normal rabbit corneas, 5 times per day for 2 weeks resulted in no histopathological abnormalities. The above results show that DHPG is superior to ACV or IDU for treatment of HSV infections.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1987

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a new oral cephalosporin, BMY-28100 and related compounds.

The synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 7-[D-alpha-amino-alpha-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-acetamido]-3-[(Z)-1-propenyl]- 3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (BMY-28100) and its analogs in the 3- and 7-side chains are described. The 3-(substituted-propenyl) groups were introduced by the Wittig reaction of the 3-phosphoniomethyl cephems which were derived from the 3-chloromethyl derivatives. The reaction gave predominantly the cis isomer regarding the 3-side chain. The cis and trans isomers showed characteristic UV and 1H NMR spectra. Most of cephems of this series were well-absorbed orally and more active both in vitro and in vivo than cephalexin and cefaclor against Gram-positive organisms. Their Gram-negative activity varied depending on the 3- and 7-substituents. Compounds with a cis-propenyl group showed the best Gram-negative activity among the 3-alkenyl analogs prepared, whereas the D-4-hydroxyphenylglycyl and D-4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycyl substitutions in the 7-side chain were found suitable to improve the Gram-negative activity of 3-cis-propenyl series of cephalosporins to the level favorably compared with that of cefaclor. The 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl analog was found to be metabolized in vivo to the 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl derivative and, therefore, showed nearly the same in vivo activity as that of the latter. BMY-28100 was selected for further evaluation and the results will be reported in the subsequent paper.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Abnormal cardiac index measured by means of systolic time intervals and the effect of co-enzyme Q10 in thyroid disorders].

By using the pre-ejection period (PEP), the left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and LVET/PEP ratio, cardiac function was investigated in 35 patients with Graves' disease (mild and severe), 13 patients with primary hypothyroidism and 35 normal subjects. The effect of treatment with antithyroid drugs, T4 or Co-Q10 was also evaluated. Before treatment, PEP was significantly shorter and the LVET/PEP ratio was greater in mild thyrotoxic patients than in the control subjects. PEP and LVET/PEP ratio returned to control levels after the euthyroid state was maintained with antithyroid drugs. In severe thyrotoxic patients, PEP and LVET/PEP ratio did not show any significant change compared with the control subjects, although LVET was significantly shorter. In hypothyroid patients, marked prolongation of PEP, shortening of LVET and decrease in LVET/PEP ratio were shown and returned to control levels after the euthyroid state was maintained with T4. PEP correlated curvilinearly with serum T3 and T4 concentrations. However, LVET/PEP ratio increased linearly from hypothyroid to mild thyrotoxic patients and decreased gradually in severe thyrotoxic patients. The inverse correlations between serum Co-Q10 and T3 and T4 concentrations were shown in patients suffering from hypothyroidism to mild thyrotoxicosis. After the administration of 120 mg Co-Q10 for 7 days in mild untreated thyrotoxic patients, a significant shortening of PEP and an increase in LVET/PEP ratio and stroke volume were shown. These data indicate that cardiac function in terms of PEP and LVET/PEP ratio is markedly influenced by serum thyroid hormone concentrations and Co-Q10 modulates it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Inhibition by indomethacin of spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis in SHN mice.

This experiment was designed to examine the effects of indomethacin, a potent prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, on spontaneous mammary tumors in mice. The growth of established mammary tumors and the appearance of new tumors in multiparous SHN mice were significantly suppressed by the subcutaneous implantation of pellets of indomethacin diluted to 1/12 with cholesterol. Furthermore, the same treatment inhibited normal and preneoplastic mammary gland growth in virgin SHN mice. The pattern of estrous cycles, ovarian structure, and plasma prolactin levels were not affected significantly by the treatment. All results have demonstrated that indomethacin inhibits mammary tumorigenesis of mice primarily by route(s) other than the endocrine system under the present experimental conditions. Indomethacin would be the first agent that appears to inhibit the growth of spontaneous mammary tumors of palpable size in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Synthesis of plasmin substrates and relationship between their structure and plasmin activity.

The plasmin substrates, D-Ile-Phe-Lys-pNA (I), 3-MV-Phe-Lys-pNA (II), Ile-Phe-Lys-pNA (III), D-Pro-Phe-Lys-pNA (IV), CP-Phe-Lys-pNA (V) and Pro-Phe-Lys-pNA (VI), were synthesized by the conventional solution method and the kinetic parameters of their amidolysis by plasmin were determined. It was found that the free amino group of the D-amino acid in substrates (I) and (IV) made a contribution to an increment in affinity between the substrate and plasmin.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1986

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a new series of cephalosporins, BMY-28142 and related compounds.

The synthesis of a series of 7-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-oxyiminoacetamido] -3-ammoniomethyl-3-cephems is described. Variations of an oxyimino moiety in the 7-side chain and a quaternary ammonium moiety in the 3-side chain were examined and structure-activity relationships studied. BMY-28142, the 3-(N-methylpyrrolidinio)methyl derivative of the 7-alpha-methoxyimino series of cephalosporins, exhibited broad antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

Preparation of a monoclonal antibody against human monocyte lineage.

Preparation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody termed M206 directed to a human monocyte lineage are described. The antibody was produced by somatic cell hybridization between BALB/c spleen cells primed with human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 and murine myeloma cell line P3U1. The antibody reacted intensely with human peripheral blood monocytes as well as U937 but did not react with peripheral blood T and B cells. Granulocytes were weakly stained with the antibody by indirect immunofluorescence. M206 also reacted intensely with the immature leukemic cells from patients with acute monocytic leukemia but was unreactive with other types of leukemic cells except cells from chronic myelogenous leukemia which showed varied patterns of reactivities. M206 reacted with a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 180,000 on the surface of U937 cells.

Animals↗