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Biomedical subjects

T Muto

Publications and source records attributed to T Muto.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A case of carcinoma arising in the intrapancreatic terminal choledochus 12 years after primary excision of a giant choledochal cyst.

A 27-yr-old woman with carcinoma developing in the intrapancreatic terminal choledochus 12 yr after the initial excision of giant choledochal cyst with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is reported. Despite the generally accepted concept that the presence of bile is associated with malignancy in the remnant biliary ducts after excision of a choledochal cyst, this is the first report of a malignant growth developing in the terminal choledochus which had been free from the bile exposure long after the excision of the choledochal cyst. Long-term follow-up of the patient is advisable even after operation for primary resection of the choledochal cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Endoscopic diagnosis and management of colonic polyps].

Colonoscopic diagnosis of colonic polyps is a rather easy task, although some small polyps might be missed when they are situated around the steep angulation or behind the fold. A correct diagnosis of mucosal carcinoma is difficult not only by colonoscopy but also by biopsy because the cancer focus may be small or not exposed on the polyp surface. Therefore, colonoscopic polypectomy is the best procedure of choice for correct histologic diagnosis of mucosal and invasive carcinoma. Only by polypectomy can correct diagnosis of invasive carcinoma be made, although there are various endoscopic signs such as irregularity of the surface configuration and white spots on the surrounding mucosa suggesting invasive carcinoma. Over the course of several years experience of colonoscopy we have encountered small flat elevations under 1 cm in diameter of which 58% were benign adenomas and 42% contained minute foci of carcinoma. These small flat lesions might have been missed quite easily during routine examination in the past and they might play an important role in the pathogenesis of colonic carcinoma. Benign polyp and mucosal carcinoma can be adequately treated by polypectomy only, whereas invasive carcinoma needs further treatment as it has a risk of node metastasis. Risk factors influencing metastasis are lymphatic permeation, poorly differentiated carcinoma, massive invasion close to the cut end. Only when one of these findings is seen in the removed polyp, further surgical treatment must be considered. However, the patient's general condition, age and site of the polyp should be carefully taken into account in order to choose the appropriate treatment in each individual case as the risk of metastasis under such situations mentioned above is not so high. Management of invasive carcinoma is still a controversial issue and a long-term, clinicopathologic study will be needed to solve this question.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1985

Mucin abnormality of colonic mucosa in patients with familial polyposis coli. A new tool for early detection of the carrier?

Colonic mucosa in 62 patients with familial polyposis coli (FPC) was stained by a Periodic Acid-Thionin Schiff/Potassium Hydroxide/Periodic Acid-Schiff method in which the normal colonic mucosa usually stained red and carcinoma stained blue or purple. In FPC, 82.2 percent stained blue or purple, whereas 38.8 percent stained blue or purple in normal controls. The data suggest that sialomucin properties of the normal-appearing flat mucosa in FPC are different from those of the normal colon, and that this simple technique may be useful for the early detection of high-risk individuals in the FPC family.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Transrectal ultrasonography for the assessment of invasion of rectal carcinoma.

To make objective and accurate assessment of depth of invasion in rectal carcinoma, transrectal ultrasonography was performed on 49 patients with rectal carcinoma. Two types of scanners were available for use; i.e., 5.0 MHz linear array scanner and 3.5 MHz radial scanner. An experimental study using fresh specimen revealed that the middle low echoic layer of the rectal wall corresponded to the muscularis propria. Depth of cancer invasion was assessed as to whether or not invasion had reached the muscularis propria, or whether invasion had gone through the muscularis propria. The result of 5.0 MHz linear array scan was superior to 3.5 MHz radial scan, and was fairly satisfactory. Future studies, using a sonographic probe with higher frequency and better resolution, are expected to produce valuable benefits in deciding indications for local excision of rectal carcinomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Small "flat adenoma" of the large bowel with special reference to its clinicopathologic features.

Thirty-three small "flat adenomas," not more than 1 cm in diameter, were collected from surgically and colonoscopically removed specimens, and their colonoscopic and histologic characteristics were described. There were 14 adenomas with mild atypia, five with moderate atypia, 14 with severe atypia (or focal carcinoma limited to the mucosa). The grade of atypia seems to increase with the size of lesions, and these lesions were assumed to play an important role in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. The importance of recognizing the presence of these small "flat adenomas" in everyday practice is stressed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on coccidiosis in guinea pigs. 1. Clinico-pathological observation].

Clinico-pathological and parasitological studies have been performed on spontaneous and experimental coccidiosis in guinea pigs. Among 11,244 Hartley guinea pigs purchased from suppliers during 1968, 410 (3.6%) of the animals had diarrhea due to coccidiosis. The incidence rate was high in the spring and fall with a mortality rate of 14.4 per cent. A particularly high number of fatal cases were found in the spring. In experimentally induced coccidiosis, clinical signs observed were diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss and death. The diarrhea developed in all animals on the eleventh day after infection and continued for one to five days. Food and water intakes were markedly reduced after the appearance of diarrhea, followed by anorexia and dehydration. Correlating with the appearance of diarrhea was a striking drop in body weight of the guinea pigs. Death usually occurred on the third to fifth day after the onset of diarrhea. The mortality rate was 30 per cent. The major macroscopic findings were characterized by a markedly thickened wall from the ascending to the descending colon and gelatinous edema of the mesenterium of the spiral of the ascending colon. Histologically, there was marked hyperplasia of the mucosal epithelium in the colon and numerous coccidia at different stages of development within the mucus membrane. In the advanced stages of the disease, there was degeneration and desquamation of the epithelia, marked edematous change and infiltration of neutrophil leukocytes and lymphocytes into the lamina propria and submucosa, many oocysts in the lumen of the intestine and in the intestinal glands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on coccidiosis in guinea pigs. 2. Epizootiological survey].

An epizootiological survey has been carried out on naturally occurring coccidiosis in Hartley guinea pigs (weight, 250g) purchased by the National Institute of Health, Tokyo during the period 1964 to 1982. Coccidial infections in breeding colonies of guinea pigs were observed very frequently in weaned animals but scarcely in adult and suckling animals. Oocysts of Eimeria caviae were detected in 53.8% of the 7,162 fecal samples collected from transportation boxes and coccidiosis occurred in 39% of the 1,461 dead or culled animals obtained during the routine one week quarantine period. In the period 1964 to 1971, particularly high rates of prevalence of oocysts, between 55-86%, and incidence of coccidiosis, between 55-76%, were observed. These rates were clearly reduced in the period 1972 to 1982, with a lower rate of isolation of oocysts ranging from 14-48% and les than 20% incidence of coccidiosis (except in 1981 and 1982). The monthly fluctuation of occurrence rates of oocysts and clinical coccidiosis differed over the period of study. From 1964 to 1971, the high prevalence of oocysts was consistently observed accompanied by a bimodal pattern of incidence of coccidiosis in April (85%) and October (78%). In the period 1972 to 1982, both parameters showed a single peak, for prevalence of oocysts in June (60.7%) and for incidence of coccidiosis in May (45%). Oocysts in feces disappeared in February and March and coccidiosis occurred irregularly in 1981 and 1982.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1985

[Occurrence of sick animals in conventional guinea pigs obtained from commercial breeders during 1964 to 1982].

A quarantine was performed on conventional Hartley guinea pigs free from Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Salmonella spp., but infected with Eimeria caviae, which were purchased from twenty-five commercial breeders by the National Institute of Health. Physical examinations revealed an incidence of 0.88 per cent or 1,461 sick animals in 166, 050 guinea pigs quarantined during the period 1964 to 1982. The result obtained showed the following significant differences between the periods 1964 to 1971 and 1972 to 1982: Annual incidence of sick animals in the period 1972 to 1982 increased twice as many as 0.56 to 0.81 per cent during the 1964 to 1971, and monthly incidence showed bimodal occurrence at April and October in the former period but continual occurrence from November to April in the latter period. Major clinical signs in the former period were death and diarrhea, which occurred usually within a week after arrival of the guinea pigs at our institute and caused significant decrease of body weight, but those in the latter period were retarded growth and weakness which became detectable during 1-3 weeks after arrival of the animals. Discussions were made on possible reasons concerning the differences in incidence of sick animals during the two periods.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Study on the metabolism of volatile hydrocarbons in mice--propane, n-butane, and iso-butane.

A study was conducted to establish whether volatile hydrocarbons, such as propane, n-butane and iso-butane, are metabolized in mice or not. In mice having inhaled these gases, isopropanol and acetone were yielded from propane, sec-butanol and methyl ethyl ketone from n-butane, and tert-butanol from iso-butane as the respective metabolites. In addition, liver microsomes were found to contain the enzymic system participating in these metabolisms. In vitro reactions with liver microsomes produced isopropanol from propane, sec-butanol from n-butane, and tert-butanol from iso-butane. It was assumed that hydrocarbons were first converted to (omega-1)-alcohols by microsomal enzyme system and then to corresponding ketones by alcohol dehydrogenase.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1985

Change in blood vitamin levels in surgical patients given a multivitamin preparation (NK-041) for total parenteral nutrition.

We studied the utility of a trial multivitamin preparation 'NK-041' for total parenteral nutrition. This preparation was used in 260 surgical patients during total parenteral nutrition, and changes in their blood vitamin levels were analyzed. Blood levels of all vitamins administered varied within the respective normal ranges, with few exceptional patients. During the administration of NK-041, avitaminosis, hypervitaminosis and side-effects were not observed. Laboratory examinations demonstrated that no abnormalities attributable to this preparation had arisen in these patients. Thus, these results seem to warrant the conclusion that NK-041 is useful as a multivitamin preparation for total parenteral nutrition, with no adverse effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Granular cell tumors of the esophagus: a report of two cases and review of the literature.

Two patients with granular cell tumors of the esophagus are presented. Both were men, 54 and 51 years old, respectively, and without tumor-related complaints. Diagnosis was made by esophagogram and endoscopic biopsy. The two patients were treated with a left thoracotomy and local excision of the tumors. A review of the world literature was carried out and data of general interest were collected. The symptoms and management of esophageal granular cell tumors, as well as histogenesis, are discussed.

Adult↗